Is oestrogen associated with mandibular condylar resorption? A systematic review

A systematic review of the literature was performed regarding the influence of oestrogen on the occurrence of mandibular condylar resorption. Search terms for oestrogen were used in combination with terms related to the effect on condylar remodelling. A search of the PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials databases yielded 419 articles published between October 1993 and March 2017. An additional 48 articles were retrieved through manual searching of the reference lists. After initial abstract selection, 94 eligible articles were screened in detail, resulting in a final number of 33 articles included in the review. From this review, no evidence was found that oestrogen (deficiency) contributes to mandibular condylar resorption. The conclusions are limited by the lack of studies with a high level of evidence. Further investigations on serum oestrogen concentrations in women with condylar resorption are needed. Moreover, future studies should focus on the effects of the different types of medication and diseases influencing oestrogen concentrations, the utility of oestrogen concentrations during preoperative screening, and the policies for managing orthognathic surgery patients with an oestrogen deficiency. Finally, whether the mechanisms and risk factors that lead to idiopathic condylar resorption are the same in condylar resorption following orthognathic surgery remain to be elucidated.status: publishe

Artefact expression associated with several cone-beam computed tomographic machines whenimaging root filled teeth

AimTo evaluate the characteristic artefact patterns associated with teeth root filled with Gutta-percha when scanned with four cone-beam CT devices. MethodologyWhilst using soft tissue simulation, ten root filled human premolars were placed in empty sockets in a dry human skull. Subsequently, the skull was scanned using 3D Accuitomo 170((R)), WhiteFox((R)), Cranex 3D((R)) and Scanora 3D((R)) following clinical protocols with the highest resolution and artefact reduction. After proper image registration in OnDemand3D((R)) software (Cybermed, Seoul, Korea), each image slice was evaluated by three trained and calibrated dentomaxillofacial radiologists, which scored absence (0) and presence (1) of cupping artefact, hypodense halos and streak artefacts. Kappa test was performed for intra- and interobserver agreement. ResultsA moderate to perfect agreement for each observer (intra-observer =0.5-1.0) was found. Agreement between the different observers was moderate to almost perfect for the different artefact patterns (interobserver =0.55-0.9). Cupping artefact was the most prevalent (70%), followed by a hypodense halo (35%) and streak artefacts (16%). The Chi-squared test revealed significantly more streaks in axial slices (P<0.0001), with some CBCT systems yielding significantly inferior results to others (P<0.05). The dedicated EndoMode and artefact reduction did not improve the result significantly. ConclusionsThe variation of artefact expression was significantly different amongst CBCT machines for root filled teeth. Continuous efforts are needed to improve CBCT reconstruction algorithms, with a specific focus on reducing artefacts induced by dense dental materials, whilst striving for enhanced image quality at low-radiation doses.To evaluate the characteristic artefact patterns associated with teeth root filled with Gutta-percha when scanned with four cone-beam CT devices. Whilst using soft tissue simulation, ten root filled human premolars were placed in empty sockets in a dry hu48109941000sem informaçãosem informaçã

Adequação de recursos humanos ao PSF: percepção de formandos de dois modelos de formação acadêmica em odontologia The Family Health Program (FHP) and human resources: perceptions of students from two different dentistry schools

O Programa Saúde da Família - PSF foi instituído pelo governo federal objetivando reverter o modelo assistencial. Os recursos humanos envolvidos devem estar preparados para alcançar os objetivos que o PSF propõe. O propósito desse artigo foi avaliar os desejos, percepções e preparo de acadêmicos de Odontologia, em relação aos princípios do PSF, de duas diferentes Faculdades de Odontologia, aqui denominadas Faculdades 1 e 2. Buscou-se ainda analisar se as faculdades tiveram potencial transformador sobre os acadêmicos, graduando-os com compromisso social e sensibilidade humanitária, considerados importantes para aqueles que querem trabalhar no PSF. Questionários individuais foram aplicados por um único pesquisador. As respostas foram analisadas pelo programa Epi-Info. Os resultados mostraram que prevalece entre os acadêmicos o desejo de trabalhar no PSF por razões ligadas às dificuldades do mercado de trabalho e os mesmos citam freqüentemente a técnica como a principal característica necessária a um dentista para que o mesmo atue no PSF. Por outro lado, diferenças estatisticamente significativas foram encontradas entre os acadêmicos, apontando uma provável influência do Estágio Supervisionado, ministrado sob a forma de internato rural, sobre a formação do acadêmico da Faculdade 1, possivelmente habilitando-o melhor para o PSF.<br>The purpose of this study was to evaluate the perceptions and opinions of dental students from two different Dentistry Schools in Brazil, both known here as Dentistry Schools 1 and 2 about the Family Health Program - FHP. The study analyzed if the Dentistry Schools had any influence on the students, graduating professionals with humanitarian and social sensibility, which are considered very important prerequisites for those who wish to work on this governmental health program, as well as searching for professional expectation of the students. Individual questionnaires were applied by only one researcher among the students who took part in the study. Answers were analysed by the Epi-Info program and results showed that difficulties related to the job market may be influencing students to join the FHP. Results also reveal that students consider technician an important prerequisite for dentists who wish to work on this governmental program. Significant statistical differences between the students were found: those who were graduating in Dentistry School 1 seemed more adequate to FHP and the reason for this difference may be the Supervised Training Program, a unit available on this Dentistry School that enables the students face the reality of FHP, as well the social and economical reality of the families assisted by this program

Uso de indicadores da qualidade para avaliação de prestadores de serviços públicos de odontologia: um estudo de caso

Qualidade é um tema muito discutido, tendo em conta a grande concorrência, a necessidade de conter custos e a maior exigência dos clientes. Exigência esta que se estende a todos os tipos de serviços, inclusive os serviços de saúde. No entanto, não basta apenas dizer que se presta um atendimento de qualidade; é preciso avaliá-la e esta avaliação pode ser realizada pelo uso dos Indicadores da Qualidade, que em saúde são categorizados em três grupos: Estrutura, Processo e Resultado. Desta forma, este trabalho se propôs avaliar um serviço público de odontologia com a utilização de um Indicador da Qualidade de cada categoria. Sendo "horas de treinamento ou cursos fornecidos pela instituição/cirurgião-dentista/ano" o Indicador de Estrutura selecionado, "cuidados com biossegurança" o de Processo e "satisfação do prestador" o de Resultado. Conclui-se que os indicadores aplicados são excelentes instrumentos de avaliação e fonte de dados para planejamento de um serviço de odontologia