28 research outputs found
Liderança situacional: o que é e para que serve?
Este trabalho tem como tema a definição do que é e para que serve a Liderança
Situacional e seu objetivo geral é mostrar como a liderança, com foco nas situaçÔes,
podem influenciar na melhoria dos processos gerenciais numa organização. Esse
tipo de liderança foi criado por Hersey e Blanchard e é representada pelas situaçÔes
que se tornam mais atrativas ao gestor e como estas podem se tornar adequadas
quando envolve o comportamento do lĂder com seu liderado e vice e versa. A
metodologia utilizada foi a pesquisa exploratória com base no método dedutivo e a
tĂ©cnica empregada foi a pesquisa bibliogrĂĄfica que relata a origem, princĂpios, tipos
e estilos de liderança. Define, também, a trajetória do estudo onde se apresenta um
breve histórico das teorias de abordagens da liderança, mas destacando a
Abordagem Contingencial, pois é nela que surge a Liderança Situacional. Conceitua
e apresenta a liderança em suas diversas situaçÔes e por fim, destaca as
ferramentas que podem ser utilizadas para o aprimoramento dos processos
gerenciais. Foi possĂvel concluir que o processo da Liderança Situacional Ă©
considerado eficaz, pelo fato de atingir todos os seus objetivos e de ter sido
conceituado e comprovado que os resultados gerenciais podem se apresentar como
pontos positivos nas organizaçÔes, isso em função do objetivo do lĂder em
conquistar seus seguidores
Stamen-derived bioactive gibberellin is essential for male flower development of Cucurbita maxima L.
Gibberellin (GA) signalling during pumpkin male flower development is highly regulated, including biosynthetic, perception, and transduction pathways. GA 20-oxidases, 3-oxidases, and 2-oxidases catalyse the final part of GA synthesis. Additionally, 7-oxidase initiates this part of the pathway in some cucurbits including Cucurbita maxima L. (pumpkin). Expression patterns for these GA-oxidase-encoding genes were examined by competitive reverse transcription-PCR (RT-PCR) and endogenous GA levels were determined during pumpkin male flower development. In young flowers, GA20ox3 transcript levels are high in stamens, followed by high levels of the GA precursor GA9. Later, just before flower opening, transcript levels for GA3ox3 and GA3ox4 increase in the hypanthium and stamens, respectively. In the stamen, following GA3ox4 expression, bioactive GA4 levels rise dramatically. Accordingly, catabolic GA2ox2 and GA2ox3 transcript levels are low in developing flowers, and increase in mature flowers. Putative GA receptor GID1b and DELLA repressor GAIPb transcript levels do not change in developing flowers, but increase sharply in mature flowers. Emasculation arrests floral development completely and leads to abscission of premature flowers. Application of GA4 (but not of its precursors GA12-aldehyde or GA9) restores normal growth of emasculated flowers. These results indicate that de novo GA4 synthesis in the stamen is under control of GA20ox3 and GA3ox4 genes just before the rapid flower growth phase. Stamen-derived bioactive GA is essential and sufficient for male flower development, including the petal and the pedicel growth
The PREDICTS database: a global database of how local terrestrial biodiversity responds to human impacts
Biodiversity continues to decline in the face of increasing anthropogenic pressures
such as habitat destruction, exploitation, pollution and introduction of
alien species. Existing global databases of speciesâ threat status or population
time series are dominated by charismatic species. The collation of datasets with
broad taxonomic and biogeographic extents, and that support computation of
a range of biodiversity indicators, is necessary to enable better understanding of
historical declines and to project â and avert â future declines. We describe and
assess a new database of more than 1.6 million samples from 78 countries representing
over 28,000 species, collated from existing spatial comparisons of
local-scale biodiversity exposed to different intensities and types of anthropogenic
pressures, from terrestrial sites around the world. The database contains
measurements taken in 208 (of 814) ecoregions, 13 (of 14) biomes, 25 (of 35)
biodiversity hotspots and 16 (of 17) megadiverse countries. The database contains
more than 1% of the total number of all species described, and more than
1% of the described species within many taxonomic groups â including flowering
plants, gymnosperms, birds, mammals, reptiles, amphibians, beetles, lepidopterans
and hymenopterans. The dataset, which is still being added to, is
therefore already considerably larger and more representative than those used
by previous quantitative models of biodiversity trends and responses. The database
is being assembled as part of the PREDICTS project (Projecting Responses
of Ecological Diversity In Changing Terrestrial Systems â www.predicts.org.uk).
We make site-level summary data available alongside this article. The full database
will be publicly available in 2015
Locomotor activity of two sympatric slugs: implication for the invasion success of terrestrial invertebrates.
A central focus of invasion biology is to identify the traits that predict which introduced species will become invasive. Behavioral traits related to locomotor activity most likely play a pivotal role in determining a speciesâinvasion success but have rarely been studied, particularly in terrestrial invertebrates. Here, we experimentally investigated the small-scale locomotor activity of two slug species with divergent invasion success in Europe, the highly invasive slug, Arion lusitanicus, and the closely related, non-invasive and native slug, Arion rufus. To do so, we used a multi-state capture-mark-recapture approach, and hypothesized that the invasive slug has a higher moving rate (keeps on moving) and leaving rate (leaves more frequently known places). A total of 221 invasive and 241 non-invasive slugs were individually marked using magnetic transponders and released in three study sites differing in habitat type. The slugs were recaptured using shelter traps, and moving and leaving rates were estimated. Both rates were significantly higher for the invasive slug, demonstrating a higher locomotor activity which might partly explain its invasion success. Our results provide evidence for the recently suggested idea that locomotor activity might be an important trait underlying animal invasions using for the first time terrestrial invertebrates
Physical Injuries and Hair Corticosterone Concentration in Rabbit Kits from Single- and Group-Housed Does Kept on a Commercial Farm
In intense breeding programs, rabbits are exposed to numerous stress factors which could affect their welfare and health. It has been suggested that group housing is more comfortable for does and similar to the living conditions of European wild rabbits. In this study, we compared three different housing systemsâsingle housing; housing in pairs; and housing in groups of three doesâto test whether there is a measurable impact on skin lesions, health, and hair corticosterone concentration (HCC) of their kits. The number of kits with lesions increased with the number of does kept together. The probability of kits getting injured was higher in groups of three does than in pens of single-housed does (p = 0.041). When does were pair-housed, kits seemed to have fewer disease symptoms compared to the other treatments. Concerning HCC of kits, there was no significant difference between the housing systems (p > 0.05). The mean HCC of kits was 2.94 pg/mg, while pair housing had the lowest HCC (2.59 pg/mg). This study focused on the welfare of kits from group-housed does. From this perspective, pair housing of does may be appropriate to allow social interaction between does without unduly affecting the welfare of their kits
Cytokinesis in yeast meiosis depends on the regulated removal of Ssp1p from the prospore membrane
Intracellular budding is a developmentally regulated type of cell division common to many fungi and protists. In Saccaromyces cerevisiae, intracellular budding requires the de novo assembly of membranes, the prospore membranes (PSMs) and occurs during spore formation in meiosis. Ssp1p is a sporulation-specific protein that has previously been shown to localize to secretory vesicles and to recruit the leading edge protein coat (LEP coat) proteins to the opening of the PSM. Here, we show that Ssp1p is a multidomain protein with distinct domains important for PI(4,5)P(2) binding, binding to secretory vesicles and inhibition of vesicle fusion, interaction with LEP coat components and that it is subject to sumoylation and degradation. We found non-essential roles for Ssp1p on the level of vesicle transport and an essential function of Ssp1p to regulate the opening of the PSM. Together, our results indicate that Ssp1p has a domain architecture that resembles to some extent the septin class of proteins, and that the regulated removal of Ssp1p from the PSM is the major step underlying cytokinesis in yeast sporulation
Abschlussberichte Q-Tutorien HU Berlin, Wintersemester 2014/2015
Das bologna.lab der Humboldt-UniversitĂ€t zu Berlin fördert im Rahmen des QualitĂ€tspakts Lehre (BMBF, 2012-2016) eine Reihe von Projekten mit dem Ziel, bereits ab dem Bachelorstudium FreirĂ€ume fĂŒr forschendes Lernen zu schaffen und diese mit forschungsnahen Lehrangeboten zu fĂŒllen. Eines dieser Projekte sind die Q-Tutorien, deren Abschlussberichte in diesem Band versammelt sind. In diesen studentischen Veranstaltungen bearbeitet eine Gruppe Studierender ein selbst gewĂ€hltes Forschungsthema in eigenstĂ€ndiger, interdisziplinĂ€rer und möglichst innovativer Projektarbeit