Natural vacuum electronics

The ambient natural vacuum of space is proposed as a basis for electron valves. Each valve is an electron controlling structure similiar to a vacuum tube that is operated without a vacuum sustaining envelope. The natural vacuum electron valves discussed offer a viable substitute for solid state devices. The natural vacuum valve is highly resistant to ionizing radiation, system generated electromagnetic pulse, current transients, and direct exposure to space conditions

A hydroponic design for microgravity and gravity installations

A hydroponic system is presented that is designed for use in microgravity or gravity experiments. The system uses a sponge-like growing medium installed in tubular modules. The modules contain the plant roots and manage the flow of the nutrient solution. The physical design and materials considerations are discussed, as are modifications of the basic design for use in microgravity or gravity experiments. The major external environmental requirements are also presented

How level of globalization affects public opinion towards globalization in particular nations

This thesis seeks to understand how the level of globalization affects the public opinion towards globalization. The reviewed literature traces the history of the most significant developments of the current global capital system as well as the public opinion literature which discusses relevant issues pertaining to the subject. Since globalization is highly correlated with modernization, much of the literature will involve examination of modernization as well as its critics. To test the presented hypotheses, Pew’s Global Attitudes Project Survey 2010 was used. The question used as the basis of the dependent variable asks if the respondent believes increasing business and trade between the respondent’s nation and the world was very good, somewhat good, somewhat bad, or very bad. The results provide evidence that the level of globalization a nation experiences changes how the nation’s public views this phenomenon. Interestingly, while the level of globalization has a positive effect on public opinion, the levels of political and economic globalization have negative impacts upon the dependent variable. Additionally, a robustness model bore similar results

Combined Anchoring: Prosecution and defense claims as sequential anchors in the courtroom

Purpose When making judgements under uncertainty not only lay people but also professional judges often rely on heuristics like a numerical anchor (e.g., a numerical sentencing demand) to generate a numerical response. As the prosecution has the privilege to present its demand first, some scholars have speculated about an anchoring‐based unfair disadvantage for the defence (who has the last albeit less effective word in court). Despite the plausibility of this reasoning, it is based on a hitherto untested assumption that the first of two sequential anchors exerts a greater influence on a later judgement (a primacy effect). We argue that it is also conceivable that the last word in court has a recency advantage (a recency effect) or that order does not matter as both demands even each other out (a combined anchor). Methods We report a pre‐registered experiment with German law students ( N = 475) who were randomly assigned to six experimental conditions in a study on legal decision‐making order to test these three possibilities. Results Results indicate an influence of both the prosecution and the defence recommendation, but no effect of order. Conclusion This provides strong support for combined anchoring even for knowledgeable participants and rich case material. Specifically, the data are best compatible with the notion that both anchors exert an influence but each on different individuals. The implications of this finding for theory and legal decision‐making are discussed

Basic Procedures in Administration of Zoning Regulations : Roles of Enforcement Officer and Board of Adjustment

The Zoning Enforcement Officer, who often has the title of Building Inspector, is the key person in the enforcement of the zoning regulations. If he or she does not thoroughly understand and carry out his or her duties, most of the effectiveness of zoning will be lost. The Zoning Enforcement Officer should read and become familiar with the zoning provisions. The officer should keep track of all amendments enacted by the legislative body, taking care to note them on his or her copy of the regulations, including, when necessary, the zoning district map. The officer should attend the meetings of the Board of Adjustment in order to understand the actions of the Board.Reviewed October 1993

Basic Procedures in Administration of Zoning Regulations Appeals

This guide has been prepared as a training aid for city and county officials and citizens. It illustrates the basic sequence of events in situations commonly involved with administration of local zoning regulations. It indicates the normal place and function of the various officials and bodies in the different kinds of procedures

Basic Procedures in Administration of Zoning Regulations : Making Applications

This guide has been prepared as a training aid for city and county officials and citizens. It illustrates the basic sequence of events in situations commonly involved with administration of local zoning regulations. It indicates the normal place and function of the various officials and bodies in the different kinds of procedures.Reviewed October 1993

Direct Measure of Giant Magnetocaloric Entropy Contributions in Ni-Mn-In

Off-stoichiometric alloys based on Ni 2 MnIn have drawn attention due to the coupled first order magnetic and structural transformations, and the large magnetocaloric entropy associated with the transformations. Here we describe calorimetric and magnetic studies of four compositions. The results provide a direct measure of entropy changes contributions including at the first-order phase transitions, and thereby a determination of the maximum field-induced entropy change corresponding to the giant magnetocaloric effect. We find a large excess entropy change, attributed to magneto-elastic coupling, but only in compositions with no ferromagnetic order in the high-temperature austenite phase. Furthermore, a molecular field model corresponding to antiferromagnetism of the low-temperature phases is in good agreement, and nearly independent of composition, despite significant differences in overall magnetic response of these materials

Calorimetric and magnetic study for Ni50_{50}Mn36_{36}In14_{14} and relative cooling power in paramagnetic inverse magnetocaloric systems

The non-stoichiometric Heusler alloy Ni$_{50}$Mn$_{36}$In$_{14}$ undergoes a martensitic phase transformation in the vicinity of 345 K, with the high temperature austenite phase exhibiting paramagnetic rather than ferromagnetic behavior, as shown in similar alloys with lower-temperature transformations. Suitably prepared samples are shown to exhibit a sharp transformation, a relatively small thermal hysteresis, and a large field-induced entropy change. We analyzed the magnetocaloric behavior both through magnetization and direct field-dependent calorimetry measurements. For measurements passing through the first-order transformation, an improved method for heat-pulse relaxation calorimetry was designed. The results provide a firm basis for the analytic evaluation of field-induced entropy changes in related materials. An analysis of the relative cooling power (RCP), based on the integrated field-induced entropy change and magnetizing behavior of the Mn spin system with ferromagnetic correlations, shows that a significant RCP may be obtained in these materials by tuning the magnetic and structural transformation temperatures through minor compositional changes or local order changes

Das Beziehungsgefüge zwischen betrieblichem Ausbildungspersonal und Auszubildenden : ein Literaturbericht

Der vorliegende Literaturbericht wurde im Rahmen eines Projektes am Institut für Berufs- und Wirtschaftspädagogik der Universität Stuttgart zum Thema "Lehrende in der Berufsbildung" (IEW-Projekt LIB) erstellt. Er soll eine Ausgangsbasis für eine nachfolgende empirische Untersuchung zum "Verhältnis" zwischen betrieblichem Ausbildungspersonal und Auszubildenden bieten