Targeting effect of folate on cancer cell through curcumin carrier nano-system

Folate receptor (FR) is well known for its overexpression on surface of various cancer cell lines, which is identical to normal tissue. Folic-based targeting drug delivery systems, therefore, are one of the most effective targeting carriers that effectively bind to FR up-regulated cancer cells. Curcumin was used both for labeling and chemotherapy. The materials were characterized and structurally confirmed by FT-IR spectra, fluorescent images and FE-SEM images. Bioassays were conducted on HeLa and HT29 cancer cell lines after 4 and 12 hours. Results show that folic acid significantly enhanced both targeting efficiency and internalization of curcumin to FR-expressing cancer cells

Differential Cytotoxicity of Curcumin-Loaded Micelles on Human Tumor and Stromal Cells

peer reviewedAlthough curcumin in the form of nanoparticles has been demonstrated as a potential anti-tumor compound, the impact of curcumin and nanocurcumin in vitro on normal cells and in vivo in animal models is largely unknown. This study evaluated the toxicity of curcumin-loaded micelles in vitro and in vivo on several tumor cell lines, primary stromal cells, and zebrafish embryos. Breast tumor cell line (MCF7) and stromal cells (human umbilical cord vein endothelial cells, human fibroblasts, and human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells) were used in this study. A zebrafish embryotoxicity (FET) assay was conducted following the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) Test 236. Compared to free curcumin, curcumin PM showed higher cytotoxicity to MCF7 cells in both monolayer culture and multicellular tumor spheroids. The curcumin-loaded micelles efficiently penetrated the MCF7 spheroids and induced apoptosis. The nanocurcumin reduced the viability and disturbed the function of stromal cells by suppressing cell migration and tube formation. The micelles demonstrated toxicity to the development of zebrafish embryos. Curcumin-loaded micelles demonstrated toxicity to both tumor and normal primary stromal cells and zebrafish embryos, indicating that the use of nanocurcumin in cancer treatment should be carefully investigated and controlled.3. Good health and well-bein

Targeting effect of folate on cancer cell through curcumin carrier nano-system

Folate receptor (FR) is well known for its overexpression on surface of various cancer cell lines, which is identical to normal tissue. Folic-based targeting drug delivery systems, therefore, are one of the most effective targeting carriers that effectively bind to FR up-regulated cancer cells. Curcumin was used both for labeling and chemotherapy. The materials were characterized and structurally confirmed by FT-IR spectra, fluorescent images and FE-SEM images. Bioassays were conducted on HeLa and HT29 cancer cell lines after 4 and 12 hours. Results show that folic acid significantly enhanced both targeting efficiency and internalization of curcumin to FR-expressing cancer cells

Multifunctional nanocarriers of Fe3O4@PLA-PEG/curcumin for MRI, magnetic hyperthermia and drug delivery

Background: Despite medicinal advances, cancer is still a big problem requiring better diagnostic and treatment tools. Magnetic nanoparticle (MNP)-based nanosystems for multiple-purpose applications were developed for these unmet needs. Methods: This study fabricated novel trifunctional MNPs of Fe3O4@PLA-PEG for drug release, MRI and magnetic fluid hyperthermia. Result: The MNPs provided a significant loading of curcumin (∼11%) with controllable release ability, a high specific absorption rate of 82.2 W/g and significantly increased transverse relaxivity (r2 = 364.75 mM-1 s-1). The in vivo study confirmed that the MNPs enhanced MRI contrast in tumor observation and low-field magnetic fluid hyperthermia could effectively reduce the tumor size in mice bearing sarcoma 180. Conclusion: The nanocarrier has potential for drug release, cancer treatment monitoring and therapy.The authors are grateful for the financial support by AOARD under award FA2386-17-1-4042. The Spanish government is acknowledged for the “Nanotechnology in translational hyperthermia (HIPERNANO)” research network (RED2018102626-T) and for funding under the project number MAT2017-83631-C3. NTK Thanh thanks EPSRC (EP/M015157/1). The authors have no other relevant affiliations or financial involvement with any organization or entity with a financial interest in or financial conflict with the subject matter or materials discussed in the manuscript apart from those disclosed

Spatiotemporal evolution of SARS-CoV-2 Alpha and Delta variants during large nationwide outbreak of COVID-19, Vietnam, 2021

We analyzed 1,303 SARS-CoV-2 whole-genome sequences from Vietnam, and found the Alpha and Delta variants were responsible for a large nationwide outbreak of COVID-19 in 2021. The Delta variant was confined to the AY.57 lineage and caused >1.7 million infections and >32,000 deaths. Viral transmission was strongly affected by nonpharmaceutical interventions

COVID-19 Social Science and Public Engagement Action Research in Vietnam, Indonesia and Nepal (SPEAR): Protocol for a mixed methods study exploring the experiences and impacts of COVID-19 for healthcare workers and vulnerable communities

Background: When the novel coronavirus – SARS-CoV-2 – started to spread globally, there was a call for social and behavioral scientists to conduct research to explore the wider socio-cultural contexts of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), to understand vulnerabilities, as well as to increase engagement within communities to facilitate adoption of public health measures. In this manuscript, we describe the protocol for a study conducted in Indonesia, Nepal, and Vietnam. In the study, we explore how the COVID-19 pandemic is affecting individuals and their communities. We focus on the wider health and economic impacts of COVID-19, in particular emerging and increased burden on mental health, as well as new or deepened vulnerabilities in the communities. The introduction of vaccines has added another layer of complexity and highlights differences in acceptance and inequalities around access.  Methods: We use mixed methods, combining survey methods and social media surveillance to gain a picture of the general situation within each country, with in-depth qualitative methods to gain a deeper understanding of issues, coupled with a synergistic engagement component. We also include an exploration of the role of social media in revealing or driving perceptions of the pandemic more broadly. Participants include health workers and members of communities from 13 sites across the three countries. Data collection is spread across two phases. Phase 1 is concerned with exploring lived experiences, impacts on working lives and livelihoods, mental health and coping strategies. Phase 2 is concerned with acceptance of COVID-19 vaccines, factors that increase and reduce acceptance, and factors that influence access. Conclusions: We will disseminate findings in multiple ways including short reports and policy briefs, articles in peer-reviewed journals, and digital diaries will be edited into short films and uploaded onto social media sites.</ns3:p

Survivine et Aurora B kinase, deux cibles potentielles des drogues anti - mitotiques; identification d'une nouvelle classe d'inhibiteurs des Aurora kinases

The chromosomal passenger complex (CPC) plays a key role in mitosis : controlling both chromosome segregation, spindle tension, anaphase onset and cytokinesis. The complex is composed of four proteins: INCENP, Aurora B kinase, Survivin and Borealin. Taking into account that Survivin is phosphorylated by Aurora B and has a pivotal role in the complex, we have studied the phosphomimetic mutant SurvivinT117E. Survivin phosphorylation is required for anaphase onset and the phospho-mutant is poorly linked to centromere. Moreover it exhibits a dominant negative function in cytokinesis, preventing abscission. In a search for Aurora kinase inhibitors we have identified a new class of Aurora B kinase inhibitors that prevents Histone H3 phosphorylation, impairs mitotic spindle checkpoint. Moreover these molecules prevent tumor cell proliferation. These inhibitors are interesting tools for understanding CPC function and represent a new lead for the development of anti-cancer drugs. Survivin and Aurora B kinase, which are expressed exclusively in mitosis, are thus two druggable targets for new anti-mitotic therapies.Le complexe passager joue un rôle clé en mitose: contrôlant à la fois la ségrégation des chromosomes, la tension du fuseau, l'entrée en anaphase et la cytodirèse. Le complexe est composé de quatre protéines: INCENP, la kinase Aurora B, Survivine et Boréaline. Sachant que la protéine Survivine est phosphorylée par Aurora B et qu'elle a un role pivot au sein du complexe, nous avons étudié un mutant mimant sa phosphorylation: Survivine T117E. La phosphorylation de Survivine est nécessaire à la transition Métaphase/ Anaphase. Le mutant Survivine T117E est faiblement lié aux centromères en métaphase et agit comme un dominant négatif de la cytodirèse, empêchant la séparation des deux cellules filles. Lors de la recherche d'inhibiteurs des Aurora kinases, nous avons identifié une nouvelle classe de molécules qui inhibent la phosphorylation de l'histone H3 et le point de contrôle du fuseau. Ces molécules préviennent la prolifération des cellules tumorales. Ces composés sont des outils intéressants pour étudier la fonction du complexe passager et représentent un nouveau motif moléculaire pour le développement de drogues anticancéreuses. Survivine et Aurora B kinase dont l'expression est restreinte à la mitose sont deux cibles pour de nouvelles thérapies anti-mitotiques

Survivine et Aurora B kinase, deux cibles potentielles des drogues anti-mitotiques ; identification d une nouvelle classe d inhibiteurs des aurora kinases

Le complexe passager joue un rôle clé en mitose: contrôlant à la fois la ségrégation des chromosomes, la tension du fuseau, l'entrée en anaphase et la cytodirèse. Le complexe est composé de quatre protéines: INCENP, la kinase B, Survivine et Boréaline. Sachant que la protéine Survivine est phosphorylée par Aurora B et qu'elle a un role p sein du complexe, nous avons étudié un mutant mimant sa phosphorylation: Survivine TlI7E. La phosphoryla Survivine est nécessaire à la transition Métaphase! Anaphase. Le mutant Survivine TIl 7E est faiblement centromères en métaphase et agit comme un dominant négatif de la cytodirèse, empêchant la séparation de cellules filles. Lors de la recherche d'inhibiteurs des Aurora kinases, nous avons identifié une nouvelle classe de molécu inhibent la phosphorylation de l'histone H3 et le point de contrôle du fuseau. Ces molécules prévienr prolifération des cellules tumorales. Ces composés sont des outils intéressants pour étudier la fonction du COI passager et représentent un nouveau motif moléculaire pour le développement de drogues anti-cancéreuses. Survivine et Aurora B kinase dont l'expression est restreinte à la mitose sont deux cibles pour de nouvelles thérapies anti-mitotiques.The chromosomal passenger complex (CPe) plays a key role in mitosis : controlling both chromosome segre spindle tension, anaphase onset and cytokinesis. The complex is composed offour proteins : INCENP, Aurora B 1 Survivin and Borealin. Taking into account that Survivin is phosphorylated by Aurora Band has a pivotaI role complex, we have studied the phosphomimetic mutant SurvivinTl 17E. Survivin phosphorylation is requir anaphase onset and the phospho-mutant is poorly linked to centromere. Moreover it exhibits a dominant 11( function in cytokinesis, preventing abscission. ln a search for Aurora kinase inhibitors we have identified a new class of Aurora B kinase inhibitors that pl Histone H3 phosphorylation, impairs mitotic spindle checkpoint. Moreover these molecules prevent tum! proliferation. These inhibitors are interesting too]s for understanding CPC function and represent a new lead development of anti-cancer drugs. Survivin and Aurora B kinase, which are expressed exclusively in mitosis, are thus two druggable targets for ne\ mitotic therapies.GRENOBLE1-BU Sciences (384212103) / SudocSudocFranceF

Survivine, la petite reine du complexe passager

Au cours de la mitose, la cellule parentale donne naissance à deux cellules filles rigoureusement identiques. La nature s’est dotée de systèmes contrôle-qualité très stricts ; une première vérification lors de la séparation des deux lots de chromosomes et une deuxième lors du clivage en deux cellules filles. Le « complexe passager » joue un rôle clé à la fois dans la progression mitotique et lors de l’étape de cytodiérèse. INCENP, Boréaline, la kinase Aurora B et Survivine sont les constituants de ce régulateur mitotique. Deux protéines sont prépondérantes au sein de ce complexe : la protéine Aurora B par son activité kinase et la protéine Survivine. Comment la plus petite protéine du complexe assure-t-elle un rôle majeur ? C’est ce que nous vous proposons de découvrir. Survivine est une protéine aux facettes multiples ; la régulation de son expression, son rôle antiapoptotique ainsi que son intérêt comme cible thérapeutique ont été décrits dans ce numéro de Médecine/Sciences par Mathilde Romagnoli et ses collaborateurs (page 821 de ce numéro)