Institutional Changes for Private Sector Development in Vietnam : Experience and Lessons

Vietnam, Centrally Planned Economies, Transition, reform, institutions

Uma pesquisa-ação de 3 anos em uma universidade vietnamita: Alunos como cogeradores de conteúdo das aulas

In the context of the 4th Industrial Revolution with unlimited technological advancement and innovation, how can educators innovate their teaching and facilitate their students in their learning process, so that students can accumulate required skills and achieve the set learning outcomes of each course they take? In order to find out the answer, the authors have revised some literature concerning BYOD trend, active learning strategies, flipped classroom and learner-generated content as the theoretical base for their study. Action research has been conducted at a Vietnamese university with the participation of English-majored students in Theory of English Translation and Interpreting classes from 3 different intakes. The findings include students’ positive perception towards the content-generation practices. Some achievements and challenges in the teaching and learning process have also been reported. This paper also recommends further studies so that the practice could be utilized to the best outcomes.En el contexto de la Cuarta Revolución Industrial con un avance tecnológico e innovación ilimitados, ¿cómo pueden los educadores innovar su enseñanza y facilitar a sus estudiantes su proceso de aprendizaje, para que los estudiantes puedan acumular las habilidades requeridas y lograr los resultados de aprendizaje establecidos en cada curso que toman? Para encontrar la respuesta, los autores han revisado cierta literatura sobre la tendencia BYOD, las estrategias de aprendizaje activo, el aula invertida y el contenido generado por el alumno como base teórica para su estudio. Se llevó a cabo una investigación de acción en una universidad vietnamita con la participación de estudiantes con especialización en inglés en clases de Teoría de la traducción e interpretación en inglés de 3 tomas diferentes. Los hallazgos incluyen la percepción positiva de los estudiantes hacia las prácticas de generación de contenidos. También se reportan algunos logros y desafíos en el proceso de enseñanza y aprendizaje. Este documento también recomienda más estudios para que la práctica pueda utilizarse con los mejores resultados.No contexto da 4ª Revolução Industrial, com avanço tecnológico e inovação ilimitados, como os educadores podem inovar seu ensino e facilitar seus alunos em seu processo de aprendizagem, para que os alunos possam acumular as habilidades necessárias e alcançar os resultados de aprendizagem definidos de cada curso que fazem? Para encontrar a resposta, os autores revisaram alguma literatura sobre a tendência BYOD, estratégias de aprendizagem ativa, sala de aula invertida e conteúdo gerado pelo aluno como base teórica para seu estudo. Uma pesquisa-ação foi realizada em uma universidade vietnamita com a participação de alunos formados em inglês nas aulas de Teoria da Tradução e Interpretação do Inglês de 3 diferentes entradas. Os resultados incluem a percepção positiva dos alunos em relação às práticas de geração de conteúdo. Algumas conquistas e desafios no processo de ensino e aprendizagem também foram relatados. Este artigo também recomenda mais estudos para que a prática possa ser utilizada para os melhores resultados

Experimental Evaluation of Geopolymer Concrete Strength Using Sea Sand and Sea Water in Mixture

This paper presents the experimental strength evaluation of geopolymer concrete and ordinary concrete using sea sand and seawater in the mixture. A series of 30 cubic samples with a 150 mm side length and 12 rectangular specimens with a dimension of 100 × 100 × 400 mm (width × thickness × length) were cast and tested in this study. Specimens were divided equally into two groups. The first group of specimens was cast using geopolymer as the main binder (GPC), while the second group of samples was made using ordinary Portland Cement (OPC). While the compression tests were performed for specimens in two groups at the ages of 3, 7, 28, 60, and 120 days, the tensile tests were only performed for specimens at 7 and 28 days. The testing results revealed that the compression strength of GPC specimens using sea sand and seawater was significantly higher than that of OPC samples using the same type of salted sand and water. Besides, the use of sea sand and seawater for replacing river sand and fresh water in the production of GPC is feasible in terms of compressive strength since GPC produces a higher compressive strength than that of conventional concrete. Doi: 10.28991/CEJ-2022-08-08-03 Full Text: PD

The Relationship between Budget Revenue - expenditure and Inflation in Vietnam: Viewed from the Results of Quantitative Analysis

The research examines the relationship between budget revenue expenditure and inflation in Vietnam, with time series data on budget revenue expenditure and the consumer price index (CPI) (representing the inflation variable in Vietnam). Data were collected from the International Financial Statistics (IFS-IMF), General Statistics Office (GSO) in the period of 2005-2022. The author used Eview software to build a linear relationship log-log of budget revenue - -expenditure and CPI in the case of the Vietnamese economy. Quantitative analysis results show that when budget revenue increased by 1%, CPI increased by 0.249674%, when budget expenditure increased by 1%, CPI increased by 0.298316%. Raising budget revenue to raise budget expenditure will result in higher inflation during the research period in Vietnam. From the theoretical basis, research overview, and quantitative analysis results, the research team makes some recommendations for fiscal policy in Vietnam in the current context

Using Fine-Grained Sediment and Wave Attenuation as a New Measure for Evaluating the Efficacy of Offshore Breakwaters in Stabilizing an Eroded Muddy Coast: Insights from Ca Mau, the Mekong Delta of Vietnam

Offshore breakwaters can be effective in reducing the energy of incident waves through dissipation, refraction or reflection. Breakwaters are increasingly constructed to stabilize eroded muddy coasts, particularly in developing countries. Accumulation of fine-grained sediment and wave attenuation are two attributes of a stable muddy coast. Effective interventions in stabilizing eroded muddy coasts include two important elements: accumulation of fine-grained sediment and wave reduction. The efficacy of offshore breakwaters in stabilizing eroded muddy coasts is, however, not yet adequately understood. A crucial question needing attention is whether accumulation of fine-grained sediment and wave attenuation should be used in evaluating the efficacy of these offshore breakwaters in stabilizing eroded muddy coasts. To address this issue, a pile-rock offshore breakwater in Huong Mai, Tieu Dua of Ca Mau, Vietnam was selected as an appropriate example in this regard. Accumulation of fine-grained sediment and wave attenuation were tested as means to investigate the efficacy of the Huong Mai structure in stabilizing the eroded muddy coast. The study was undertaken using field-based measurements and semi-structured interviews in three stages between October 2016 and December 2020. We found that this structure has had limited efficacy in stabilizing the eroded muddy coast. The structure was effective in dissipating the energy of incident waves, but we found no evidence of fine-grained sediment accumulation due to an inappropriate structural design. There was also no monitoring system in place, leading to difficulties in evaluating its efficacy in terms of wave attenuation and accumulation of fine-grained sediment. The gaps between the shoreline and the structure have not been adequately explained, resulting in substantial challenges in replicating the structure elsewhere. The Huong Mai structure should be strengthened using supplementary measures and granulometric tests in order to improve the efficacy in stabilizing eroded muddy coasts. The methods in this study provide new insights in this regard

The Efficiency and the Performance of the Logistics Global Supply Chain Activities to Vietnam Exportation: an Empirical Case Study

Purpose: This research paper aims to determine the factors affecting the efficiency and logistics performance index (LPI) of Vietnam's exports to foreign partners during 2018-2022 are due to the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic.   Theoretical Framework: Based on the primary factors affecting the efficiency and performance of global supply chain activities in logistics for Vietnam's exports, including practical impact and logistics results of enterprises in Vietnam. Based on the primary factors affecting the efficiency and performance of global supply chain activities in logistics for Vietnam's exports, including (1). Customs efficiency (speed, simplicity and predictability of customs clearance procedures) (2). Quality of infrastructure related to trade and transport, including Roads, railways, ports, airports, warehouses and information technology ...(3). The level of ease when arranging to transport import and export goods with competitive prices (costs such as warehousing fees, port fees, tolls ... ) (4). Capacity and quality of logistics service providers ... (5). Ability to track and trace shipments. (6). Timeliness of the shipment to the destination within the specified time limit. The practical impact and logistics results of enterprises in Vietnam.   Method: The panel approach allows the authors to explore the heterogeneity in data across countries. Fixed effects (FE) and random effects (RE) models were used to estimate the model. Then, the Hausman test is carried out to decide which model is appropriate. The data were collected from 240 observations from Vietnam and 80 major export partner countries of Vietnam.   Findings: The research results show that the cost, time and capacity of providing logistics services have the most significant impact on Vietnam's exports.   Practical & social implications: Overall, to increase the efficiency and logistics efficiency of enterprises. The Vietnamese Government needs to cooperate and propose ideas to partner countries to improve logistics activities for exports from Vietnam. Logistics is beginning to play an increasingly important role in the competitiveness of economies.   Originality values: This study also confirms the sustainability of the extended gravity model using OLS and RE methods by substituting different variables for the country's logistics efficiency and solving the endogenous problem in the model while applying the regression method to industrial variables. We find that an 1% improvement in Vietnam's logistics would increase Vietnam's exports by 1.443%, and an 1% improvement in a partner country’s performance would help promote Vietnam's exports to this country by 0.546%