ASUHAN KEBIDANAN PADA INTRAPARTAL MULTIGRAVIDA DENGAN KETUBAN PECAH DINI > 12 JAM + BSC DI KAMAR BERSALIN RSUD Prof.Dr.W.Z. JOHANNES KUPANG TANGGAL 09 – 12 MEI 2016.

Profil kesehatan Indonesia tahun 2014 cakupan penanganan komplikasi kebidanan secara nasional sebesar 74,56%, dan penyebab langsung komplikasi maternal di Indonesia terkait kehamilan, persalinan, terutama yaitu perdarahan 30, 3%, hipertensi 27,1%, infeksi 7,3%, abortus 1,6 %, dan lainnya 40,8 %. Di RSUD Prof. Dr. W.Z Johanes Kupang, angka kejadian ketuban pecah dini dari bulan januari sampai bulan desember 2015 sebanak 128 kasus, KPD dengan persalinan induksi 26,56%, kasus KPD yang mendapat seksio sesarea sebanyak 13,44%, gawat janin 53,90%, persalinan lama 8,58%. Tujuan pemberian asuhan kebidanan pada ibu bersalin denganketuban pecah dini > 12 jam dan BSC yaitu untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan mahasiswa tentang asuhan kebidanan pada multigravida dengan manajemen kebidanan varney, menganalisis proses persalinan yang patologis. Jenis penelitian kualitatif, dan teknik sampel dengan menggunakan pourpusive sampling. Populasi pada penelitian ini adalah semua ibu inpartu yang sedang dirawat diruang bersalin RSUD Prof. W.Z.Johanes Kupang dan sampel pada penelitian ini adalah satu ibu intrapartal multigravida dengan ketuban pecah dini > 12 jam + BSC di ruang bersalin RSUD Prof. Dr. W.Z.Johanes Kupang. Pemeriksaan yang dilakukan pada Ny. E.I dengan hasil yang didapatkan yaitu, TD 120/70 mmHg, S: 36,8°C, N: 82 x/menit, RR: 20 x/menit, keluar air air sedikit sedikit dari jalan lahir sejak 12 jam yang lalu, hal ini menunjukkan pasien telah mengalami ketuban pecah dini. Penanganan pada ibu dengan ketuban pecah dini > 12 jam + bsc adalah pasang infus RL 500 cc drip duvadilan 1 ampl 10 tpm, skin test cefotaxime, dilanjutkan pembrian cefotaxime 1 gr/iv, dan siap cito sc. Asuhan ibu bersalin dengan ketuban pecah dini > 12 jam +BSC di ruang bersalin rsud prof dr w z johanes kupang tanggal 09 mei s/d 12 mei 2016 pada Ny. E.I dengan pendekatan manajemen kebidanan 7 langkah varney. Asuhan kebidanan yang diberikan yaitu semua masalah dan diagnosa yang ada, bisa diatasai dan ibu tidak mengalami komplkasi, ibu dirawat selama 4 hari dan ibu dan bayi pulang dengan keadaan yang sehat

FAKE NEWS & HATE SPEECH: A Colloquium Report

Nigeria, the proverbial giant of Africa, has in recent times, been beset with the politics of paternalism which has translated into heightened consciousness in ethnic nationalism and extremist immoderation, all too manifest in the now very dominant paradigm of fake news and hate speech. Amidst this threatening state of confusion, the nation-state witnesses its highest level of polarization among the citizenry and records a harvest of kidnappings, abductions, raping and ritual killings, all of which the government blames on fake news and hate speech.  As part of its contribution in the attempt to mitigate and possibly proffer a solution to the twin monsters of fake news and hate speech, the Olusegun Obasanjo Centre for African Studies (OOCAS) at the National Open University of Nigeria (NOUN) Abuja organized a one-day Colloquium on Fake News and Hate Speech. This report, therefore, is a descriptive analysis that highlights the culture of impunity with which political elites incite and polarize the citizenry, especially on the contentious issues of religion and ethnicity. The paper applies the critical discourse analysis approach to evaluate the colloquium proceedings - the views, positions and propositions of discussants/participants and the ensuing communiqué that fake news and hate speech are largely products of mainstream and social media; with governments and political elites as the main culprits who exploit the volatile issues of religion, politics and ethnicity to polarize and incite. The paper concludes with nine communiqué recommendations including, that the mass media, especially the mainstream media, should invest more in the practice of investigative journalism and Nigeria’s governments, in general, should provide good governance, equity and justice to the citizenry; that, participants and discussants believe will curb the menace of fake news and hate speech

FAKE NEWS & HATE SPEECH: A Colloquium Report

Nigeria, the proverbial giant of Africa, has in recent times, been beset with the politics of paternalism which has translated into heightened consciousness in ethnic nationalism and extremist immoderation, all too manifest in the now very dominant paradigm of fake news and hate speech. Amidst this threatening state of confusion, the nation-state witnesses its highest level of polarization among the citizenry and records a harvest of kidnappings, abductions, raping and ritual killings, all of which the government blames on fake news and hate speech.  As part of its contribution in the attempt to mitigate and possibly proffer a solution to the twin monsters of fake news and hate speech, the Olusegun Obasanjo Centre for African Studies (OOCAS) at the National Open University of Nigeria (NOUN) Abuja organized a one-day Colloquium on Fake News and Hate Speech. This report, therefore, is a descriptive analysis that highlights the culture of impunity with which political elites incite and polarize the citizenry, especially on the contentious issues of religion and ethnicity. The paper applies the critical discourse analysis approach to evaluate the colloquium proceedings - the views, positions and propositions of discussants/participants and the ensuing communiqué that fake news and hate speech are largely products of mainstream and social media; with governments and political elites as the main culprits who exploit the volatile issues of religion, politics and ethnicity to polarize and incite. The paper concludes with nine communiqué recommendations including, that the mass media, especially the mainstream media, should invest more in the practice of investigative journalism and Nigeria’s governments, in general, should provide good governance, equity and justice to the citizenry; that, participants and discussants believe will curb the menace of fake news and hate speech

Agenda- setting: The neglected role of some agents of power-propaganda (rumour,gossip,religion. .)

Student Number : 0315885J - PhD thesis - School of Journalism and Media Studies - Faculty of HumantiesThis study responds to the generalization by traditional agenda setting or media effects studies, especially media agenda-setting hypothesis that people accept as important whatever the media considers to be so; and being so, have the capability to structure issues for its audience. Also, the thesis is uncomfortable with the media’s blanket use of the term ‘mass’ to refer to its audience particularly when considered against the background of Africa’s rurality. This study therefore is an attempt to stake out a new conceptual approach to the media’s agenda-setting capabilities with an emphasis on the ‘other neglected agents of power’, that is, this study’s proposition as ‘the established structures of community’ in Africa, especially rural Africa, in setting be it the media or ‘territorial’ agenda. Using the multifaceted and predominantly qualitative methodology of histories and the triangular orientation of personal interviews, survey questionnaires and content scanning of relevant media, the thesis amongst other issues of conceptual relevance re-awakens the theoretical issue of ‘whose agenda is the media agenda?” and whether the media and its agenda setting capabilities are not an urban phenomenon? The universality and applicability of the theory especially in Africa’s rural setting where language, illiteracy, poverty and the lack of access to modern media constitute obvious barriers is also a major concern of this study. With the above as a background, the three part (I – conceptual framing of the problem and relevant issues, ii – a proposition and iii – data presentation and research findings) study then agues, proposes and concludes that: [a] Media agenda is ‘source’ oriented as its sources quite often are identifiable and that, the media serves better (as against the overwhelming claim of agenda-setting) as a conduit or arena for contending issues, views, opinions, even sentiments; there is therefore no significant category of intellectual analysis called media agenda, at least, in Nigeria. [b] Media is urban based and centred, urban driven and even urban cultured …it is simply an urban phenomenon. [c] Indeed there are significant indicators that the ‘established structures of community’ functions and play major roles both in setting the media-agenda (where there is one) and in political power dynamics. [d] Media agenda is plausible but an ‘uncertain’ agenda; in Africa, especially rural Africa

Rural and urban differences in metabolic profiles in a Cameroonian population

Introduction: The difference between modern lifestyle in urban areas and the traditional way of life in rural areas may affect the population’s health in developing countries proportionally. In this study, we sought to describe and compare the metabolic (fasting blood sugar and lipid profile) profile in an urban and rural sample of a Cameroonian population, and study the association to anthropometric risk factors of obesity. Methods: 332 urban and 120 rural men and women originating from the Sanaga Maritime Department and living in the Littoral Region in Cameroon voluntarily participated in this study. In all participants, measurement of height, weight, waist circumference, hip circumference, blood pressure systolic (SBP) and blood pressure diastolic (DBP), resting heart rate (RHR), blood glucose and lipids was carried out using standard methods. Total body fat (BF%) was measured using bio-impedancemetry. Body mass index (BMI) and waist to hip ratio (WHR) were calculated. Low Density Lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-c) concentrations were calculated using the Friedwald formula. World Health Organization criteria were used to define high and low levels of blood pressure, metabolic and anthropometric factors. Results: The highest blood pressure values were found in rural men. Concerning resting heart rate, only the youngest women’s age group showed a significant difference between urban and rural areas (79 ± 14 bpm vs 88 ± 12 bpm, p = 0.04) respectively. As opposed to the general tendency in our population, blood glucose was higher in rural men and women compared to their urban counterparts in the older age group (6.00 ± 2.56 mmol/L vs 5.72 ± 2.72 mmol/L, p = 0.030; 5.77 ± 3.72 vs 5.08 ± 0.60, p = 0,887 respectively). Triglycerides (TG) were significantly higher in urban than rural men (1.23 ± 0.39 mmol/L vs 1.17 ± 0.64 mmol/L, p = 0.017). High Density Lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-c) levels were higher in rural compared to urban men (2.60 ± 0.10 35mmol/L vs 1.97 ± 1.14 mmol/L, p < 0.001 respectively). However, total Cholesterol (TC) and LDL-c were significantly higher in urban than in rural men (p<0.001 and p=0.005) and women (p <0.001 respectively. Diabetes’ rate in this population was 6.6%. This rate was higher in the rural (8.3%) than in the urban area (6.0%). Age and RHR were significantly higher in diabetic women than in non-diabetics (p=0.007; p=0.032 respectively). In a multiple regression, age was an independent predictor of SBP, DBP and RHR in the entire population. Age predicted blood glucose in rural women only. BMI, WC and BF% were independent predictors of RHR in rural population, especially in men. WC and BF% predicted DBP in rural men only. Anthropometric parameters did not predict the lipid profile. Conclusion: Lipid profile was less atherogenic in rural than in urban area. The rural population was older than the urban one. Blood pressure and blood glucose were positively associated to age in men and women respectively; this could explain the higher prevalence of diabetes in rural than in urban area. The association of these metabolic variables to obesity indices is more frequent and important in urban than in rural area.Key words: Adults, anthropometry, lipid profile, blood glucose, blood pressure, diabetes, urban, rural, Cameroo

Etude epidemiologique de la carie dentaire en milieu scolaire a Libreville, Gabon

La carie dentaire est considérée comme le quatrième fléau mondial, après les cancers, les maladies cardio-vasculaires et le sida. Il s’agit d’une affection multifactorielle peu étudiée à Libreville. Le but de ce travail était de déterminer la prévalence et le niveau de sévérité de la maladie carieuse en milieu scolaire, d’étudier l’influence des variables démographiques, socioéconomiques et des habitudes d’hygiène buccodentaire sur leur distribution. Il s’agissait d’une étude transversalebasée sur un échantillonnage par grappes dans des écoles primaires  publiques et privées, chez des enfants de 6 ans et de 12 ans selon les recommandations de l’Organisation Mondiale de la Santé. Ont été étudiés : les caractéristiques sociodémographiques et économiques de la famille, la fréquentation par l’enfant du cabinet dentaire, la fréquence de consommation d’aliments cariogènes, l’hygiène buccodentaire des enfants. L’examen endobuccal non invasif reposait sur l’inspection des dents et l’exploration de leur surface par l’utilisation d’une sonde dentaire. Les paramètres qualitatifs tels que la présence d’une dent saine, absente, cariée ou obturée ont été relevés. Pour l’analyse, l’indice de Klein et Palmer a été utilisé, les indices co pour les dents temporaires et CAO pour les dents permanentes ont été calculés. La prévalence de la carie dentaire était de 75% pour les enfants de 6 ans et 81,4% chez ceux âgés de 12ans. Le degré de sévérité traduit par les indices était modéré chez les enfants de 6ans (co = 4,0) et élevé pour les enfants de 12ans (CAO = 4,9). La fréquentation du cabinet dentaire était faible (20,7%) et motivée par la douleur dans 93% des cas. Le type d’alimentation, sa fréquence, les habitudes d’hygiène buccodentaire avaient une influence sur l’état des dents. A Libreville, en milieu scolaire, la carie dentaire est une pathologie préoccupante. Ainsi la mise en oeuvre de mesures curatives et surtout préventives s’avère nécessaire.MOT CLES: Carie dentaire - Indice co - Indice CAO - Enfants - Librevill

The effect of parasitic co-infections on immune responses in Gabon : particular emphasis on malaria and helminths

The work presented in this thesis aimed at increasing our understanding of the effect of helminths on Plasmodium spp. immune response in co-infected individuals living in endemic countries. It presents data from studies conducted in rural and semi urban areas of Lambaréné (Gabon) where the burden of malaria and helminths is particularly important. Although scarce previous studies have indicated an effect of helminths on malaria outcomes and immune response to Plasmodium spp. parasite in co-infected subjects. However it is still debated how consistent is this effect across study sites and teams and what its immunological basis is.Centre de Recherches Médicales de Lambaréné (CERMEL)LUMC / Geneeskund

Rural and urban differences in metabolic profiles in a Cameroonian population

< 0.001 respectively). However, total Cholesterol (TC) and LDL-c were significantly higher in urban than in rural men (p<0.001 and p=0.005) and women (p <0.001 respectively). Diabetes� rate in this population was 6.6%. This rate was higher in the rural (8.3%) than in the urban area (6.0%). Age and RHR were significantly higher in diabetic women than in non-diabetics (p=0.007; p=0.032 respectively). In a multiple regression, age was an independent predictor of SBP, DBP and RHR in the entire population. Age predicted blood glucose in rural women only. BMI, WC and BF% were independent predictors of RHR in rural population, especially in men. WC and BF% predicted DBP in rural men only. Anthropometric parameters did not predict the lipid profile