High-order harmonic generation driven by chirped laser pulses induced by linear and non linear phenomena

We present a theoretical study of high-order harmonic generation (HHG) driven by ultrashort optical pulses with different kind of chirps. The goal of the present work is perform a detailed study to clarify the relevant parameters in the chirped pulses to achieve a noticeable cut-off extensions in HHG. These chirped pulses are generated using both linear and nonlinear dispersive media.The description of the origin of the physical mechanisms responsible of this extension is, however, not usually reported with enough detail in the literature. The study of the behaviour of the harmonic cut-off with these kind of pulses is carried out in the classical context, by the integration of the Newton-Lorentz equation complemented with the quantum approach, based on the integration of the time dependent Schr\"odinger equation in full dimensions (TDSE-3D), we are able to understand the underlying physics.Comment: 13 pages, 8 figure

The Problem of Prickling on Fabrics of South American Camelids Fibers: Possible Approaches for Mechanical Solutions

In this minireview it is to analyze the physical attributes that determine the comfort of fabrics made of South American Camelid fibers (Lama and Alpaca), discuss the effect on their textile value and evaluate an possible approache on their possible mechanical solutions. Taking the distribution of all fibers do not respond to a normal distribution, but the different fiber types identified by the type of medulla, they do respond to a normal distribution. While emphasis has always been on mean fiber diameter, the fiber frequency exceeding 30 microns (objectionable fibres) has a key role in quality. This is essential for light fabrics, where the effect of prickle plays a critical part in consumer´s choice. Dehairing, as a mechanical way, provides an immediate solution, though excessive fiber breakage should be addressed. It is concluded that the textile fiber quality of South American Camelids is promissory if the presence of objectionable fibers is solved, resulting in a tolerable frequency for consumers (<3%). This implies a true paradigm shift with regard to the classic textile processing of Alpaca and Lama fibers (from worsted to woolen system). This would enhance the fiber softness to touch, together with other important features that would render the fiber price more competitive

Investigaciones antropobiológicas en el contexto de la Arqueología de Rescate : Tafí del Valle, provincia de Tucumán

Introducción: En el marco de los trabajos de Arqueología de Rescate efectuados en Los Cuartos, en el este de Tafí del Valle, provincia de Tucumán se ha descubierto un contexto funerario muy afectado por procesos postdepositacionales. En este trabajo presentamos los estudios antropobiológicos efectuados sobre el material óseo recuperado. Los mismos se han orientado a obtener información sobre las características biológicas, tales como: edad a la muerte, sexo probable, condiciones de vida y otros elementos que aporten a la interpretación del evento funerario en sí mismo. Materiales y métodos: La muestra esqueletaria estudiada comprende un cráneo y algunos elementos postcraneales extraídos en excavación. Se realizó análisis morfoscópico para obtener información que permitiera la estimación de sexo y edad de muerte. Así mismo se procuró establecer posibles traumas y paleopatologías. Resultados: A través de la información obtenida de los elementos óseos se pudo establecer que los mismos corresponden a un individuo adulto de sexo femenino. El mismo no presenta deformación craneal cultural y/o paleopatologías. Conclusión: El esqueleto corresponde a un solo individuo de sexo femenino, el que fue colocado en el piso de un recinto habitacional, cubierto por grandes piedras. Se encuentra asociado con material cerámico asignable a la Cultura Tafí.Asociación de Antropología Biológica de la República Argentin

Investigaciones antropobiológicas en el contexto de la Arqueología de Rescate : Tafí del Valle, provincia de Tucumán

Introducción: En el marco de los trabajos de Arqueología de Rescate efectuados en Los Cuartos, en el este de Tafí del Valle, provincia de Tucumán se ha descubierto un contexto funerario muy afectado por procesos postdepositacionales. En este trabajo presentamos los estudios antropobiológicos efectuados sobre el material óseo recuperado. Los mismos se han orientado a obtener información sobre las características biológicas, tales como: edad a la muerte, sexo probable, condiciones de vida y otros elementos que aporten a la interpretación del evento funerario en sí mismo. Materiales y métodos: La muestra esqueletaria estudiada comprende un cráneo y algunos elementos postcraneales extraídos en excavación. Se realizó análisis morfoscópico para obtener información que permitiera la estimación de sexo y edad de muerte. Así mismo se procuró establecer posibles traumas y paleopatologías. Resultados: A través de la información obtenida de los elementos óseos se pudo establecer que los mismos corresponden a un individuo adulto de sexo femenino. El mismo no presenta deformación craneal cultural y/o paleopatologías. Conclusión: El esqueleto corresponde a un solo individuo de sexo femenino, el que fue colocado en el piso de un recinto habitacional, cubierto por grandes piedras. Se encuentra asociado con material cerámico asignable a la Cultura Tafí.Asociación de Antropología Biológica de la República Argentin

Investigaciones antropobiológicas en el contexto de la Arqueología de Rescate : Tafí del Valle, provincia de Tucumán

Introducción: En el marco de los trabajos de Arqueología de Rescate efectuados en Los Cuartos, en el este de Tafí del Valle, provincia de Tucumán se ha descubierto un contexto funerario muy afectado por procesos postdepositacionales. En este trabajo presentamos los estudios antropobiológicos efectuados sobre el material óseo recuperado. Los mismos se han orientado a obtener información sobre las características biológicas, tales como: edad a la muerte, sexo probable, condiciones de vida y otros elementos que aporten a la interpretación del evento funerario en sí mismo. Materiales y métodos: La muestra esqueletaria estudiada comprende un cráneo y algunos elementos postcraneales extraídos en excavación. Se realizó análisis morfoscópico para obtener información que permitiera la estimación de sexo y edad de muerte. Así mismo se procuró establecer posibles traumas y paleopatologías. Resultados: A través de la información obtenida de los elementos óseos se pudo establecer que los mismos corresponden a un individuo adulto de sexo femenino. El mismo no presenta deformación craneal cultural y/o paleopatologías. Conclusión: El esqueleto corresponde a un solo individuo de sexo femenino, el que fue colocado en el piso de un recinto habitacional, cubierto por grandes piedras. Se encuentra asociado con material cerámico asignable a la Cultura Tafí.Asociación de Antropología Biológica de la República Argentin

Serum Renin and Major Adverse Kidney Events in Critically Ill Patients: A Multicenter Prospective Study

BACKGROUND: Preliminary studies have suggested that the renin-angiotensin system is activated in critical illness and associated with mortality and kidney outcomes. We sought to assess in a larger, multicenter study the relationship between serum renin and Major Adverse Kidney Events (MAKE) in intensive care unit (ICU) patients. METHODS: Prospective, multicenter study at two institutions of patients with and without acute kidney injury (AKI). Blood samples were collected for renin measurement a median of 2 days into the index ICU admission and 5-7 days later. The primary outcome was MAKE at hospital discharge, a composite of mortality, kidney replacement therapy, or reduced estimated glomerular filtration rate to ≤ 75% of baseline. RESULTS: Patients in the highest renin tertile were more severely ill overall, including more AKI, vasopressor-dependence, and severity of illness. MAKE were significantly greater in the highest renin tertile compared to the first and second tertiles. In multivariable logistic regression, this initial measurement of renin remained significantly associated with both MAKE as well as the individual component of mortality. The association of renin with MAKE in survivors was not statistically significant. Renin measurements at the second time point were also higher in patients with MAKE. The trajectory of the renin measurements between time 1 and 2 was distinct when comparing death versus survival, but not when comparing MAKE versus those without. CONCLUSIONS: In a broad cohort of critically ill patients, serum renin measured early in the ICU admission is associated with MAKE at discharge, particularly mortality

[effect Of Eggplant On Plasma Lipid Levels, Lipidic Peroxidation And Reversion Of Endothelial Dysfunction In Experimental Hypercholesterolemia].

To study the effect of egg plant on endothelium-dependent relaxation, and plasma lipids in hypercholesterolemic rabbits, and to assess influence of this plant on the malondialdehyde (MDA) content of LDL particles and the arterial wall. Thirteen male rabbits were randomly assigned to control (C), hypercholesterolemic (H) and egg plant (E) treated groups (n = 10 each). The H and E rabbits were fed a diet supplemented with cholesterol (0.5%) and coconut oil (10%) for 4 weeks. In addition, group E received 10 mL of the fruit juice/day during the last 2 weeks. The animals were killed and the aorta removed to measure MDA content and the endothelium dependent relaxation responses. Total plasma cholesterol, VLDL, LDL, HDL and triglyceride levels were determined using commercial kits. MDA was quantified in native and oxidized LDL and in the arterial wall. After 4 weeks, the E group rabbits had a significantly lower weight, plasma cholesterol, LDL, triglyceride and aortic cholesterol content than group H(p < 0.05). The MDA content that was significantly increased in the LDL particles and in the arterial wall of H rabbits was reduced in the E group (p < 0.05). Endothelium-dependent relaxation were significantly higher in the E group compared H group rabbits (p < 0.05). In hypercholesterolemic rabbits egg plant juice significantly reduced weight, plasma cholesterol levels, aortic cholesterol content and the MDA concentrations in native-oxidized LDL and in the arterial wall and increased the endothelium-dependent relaxations.7087-9

Multidrug-resistant and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in hog slaughter and processing plant workers and their community in North Carolina (USA)

Background: Use of antimicrobials in industrial food-animal production is associated with the presence of antimicrobial resistant Staphylococcus aureus among animals and humans. Hog slaughter/processing plants process large numbers of animals from industrial animal operations, and are environments conducive to the exchange of bacteria between animals and workers. Objectives: To compare the prevalence of methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) and multidrug resistant S. aureus(MDRSA) carriage between processing plant workers, their household members, and community residents. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study of hog slaughter/processing plant workers, their household members, and community residents in North Carolina. Participants responded to a questionnaire and provided a nasal swab. Swabs were tested for S. aureus, and isolates tested for antimicrobial susceptibility and subjected to multilocus sequence typing. Results: The prevalence of S. aureus was 21.6%, 30.2%, and 22.5% among 162 workers, 63 household members, and 111 community residents, respectively. The overall prevalence of MRSA and MDRSA tested by disk diffusion was 4.8% and 6.9%, respectively. The adjusted prevalence of MDRSA among workers was 1.96 times (95% CI: 0.71, 5.45) the prevalence in community residents. The adjusted average number of antimicrobial classes to which S. aureus isolates from workers were resistant was 2.54 times (95% CI: 1.16, 5.56) the number among isolates from community residents. One MRSA isolate and two MDRSA isolates from workers were identified as sequence type 398, a type associated with exposure to livestock. Conclusions: Although the prevalence of S. aureus and MRSA was similar in hog slaughter/processing plant workers and their household and community members, S. aureus isolates from workers were resistant to a greater number of antimicrobial classes. These findings may be related to the non-therapeutic use of antimicrobials in food-animal production