Dense, mixed-use, walkable urban precinct to support sustainable transport or vice versa? A model for consideration from Perth, Western Australia

Within the majority of the literature on sustainable transport, it is accepted as ideal to arrange new urban growth in close proximity to major public transit services. While the literature on this subject of transit-oriented developments (TOD) is positive and optimistic, for the most part such assertions are conjectural. This article will attempt to fill this gap by revealing a modeling process undertaken for a local area's reurbanization project to understand the potential and limitations of several modes of transport to support the increased activity density in the precincts. Several of the most standardized policy levers were employed, such as parking ratios and mix of use and building height, and contrasted with the trip generation and transit mode's hourly capacity to reveal potential real-estate yields. The outcomes indicate not only the immediate yields but also the capacity for urban transformation due to each level of sustainable transport investments. The model is unique in that the capacity, parking ratios, and assumptions are highly transparent

Unravelling enzymatic discoloration in potato through a combined approach of candidate genes, QTL, and expression analysis

Enzymatic discoloration (ED) of potato tubers was investigated in an attempt to unravel the underlying genetic factors. Both enzyme and substrate concentration have been reported to influence the degree of discoloration and as such this trait can be regarded as polygenic. The diploid mapping population C × E, consisting of 249 individuals, was assayed for the degree of ED and levels of chlorogenic acid and tyrosine. Using this data, Quantitative Trait Locus (QTL) analysis was performed. Three QTLs for ED have been found on parental chromosomes C3, C8, E1, and E8. For chlorogenic acid a QTL has been identified on C2 and for tyrosine levels, a QTL has been detected on C8. None of the QTLs overlap, indicating the absence of genetic correlations between these components underlying ED, in contrast to earlier reports in literature. An obvious candidate gene for the QTL for ED on Chromosome 8 is polyphenol oxidase (PPO), which was previously mapped on chromosome 8. With gene-specific primers for PPO gene POT32 a CAPS marker was developed. Three different alleles (POT32-1, -2, and -3) could be discriminated. The segregating POT32 alleles were used to map the POT32 CAPS marker and QTL analysis was redone, showing that POT32 coincides with the QTL peak. A clear correlation between allele combinations and degree of discoloration was observed. In addition, analysis of POT32 gene expression in a subset of genotypes indicated a correlation between the level of gene expression and allele composition. On average, genotypes having two copies of allele 1 had both the highest degree of discoloration as well as the highest level of POT32 gene expression

Can I treat this pregnant patient with botulinum toxin?

Botulinum toxin type A (BoNT-A) is used extensively in the neurological setting, most commonly for the management of dystonia and spasticity. It is inevitable that female patients who derive a significant benefit from botulinum toxin treatment may inadvertently be injected in as-yet undiagnosed pregnancy or may be planning to become pregnant. Following an examination of the evidence for the safety of botulinum toxin in pregnancy, physicians and patients should be reassured as to the absence of evidence of harm in case reports of botulism and accidental or intentional botulinum toxin injection and the improbability of crossing the placenta. Consequently, judgment should be made that acknowledges that when botulinum toxin treatment is to continue through pregnancy it should be because this will represent the lesser harm in view of the severity of the mother’s symptoms and the physical and psychological harm caused by withholding treatment. It is also normally appropriate to reassure patients inadvertently injected.This article is available to RD&E staff via NHS OpenAthens login. Click on the 'Additional Link' above and log in with NHS OpenAthens if prompted.Accepted manuscript

A guide to the microfilm edition of the diaries of Dwight D. Eisenhower, 1953-1961

Bib id: 519157 "Research collections in American politics."; "Microfilmed from the holdings of the Dwight D. Eisenhower Library.

A guide to the microfilm edition of the John F. Kennedy 1960 campaign

Bib id: 856267 "Presidential campaigns."; "Research collections in American politics."; "A collection from the holdings of the John F. Kennedy Library."; "Pt. 1. Polls, issues, and strategy -- pt. 2. Speeches, press conferences, and debates.

Zeitschrift für bayerische Landesgeschichte : ZBLG

A multi-tier methodology is required in order to make a smooth transformation from one stage to the next in the course of software development under a consistent conceptual framework. We present, in this paper, a multi-tier behavior inheritance modelling method based on Petri Nets, which is illustrated through STLEN and DCOPN that are two net models serving as the tools for describing behaviors at two consecutive modelling tiers respectively. ? Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2001.EI