2,912 research outputs found
Recommendation Networks and the Long Tail of Electronic Commerce
It has been conjectured that the peer-based recommendations associated
with electronic commerce lead to a redistribution of demand from popular
products or 'blockbusters' to less popular or 'niche' products, and that
electronic markets will therefore be characterized by a 'long tail' of
demand and revenue. In this paper, we develop a novel method to test
this conjecture and we report on results contrasting the demand
distributions of books in over 200 distinct categories on Amazon.com.
Viewing each product as having a unique position in a hyperlinked
network of recommendations between products that is analogous to shelf
position in traditional commerce, we quantify the extent to which a
product is in uenced by its recommendation network position by using a
variant of Google's PageRank measure of centrality. We then associate
the average level of network influence on each category with the
inequality in the distribution of its demand and revenue, quantifying
this inequality using the Gini coefficient derived from the category's
Lorenz curve. We establish that categories whose products are influenced
more by recommendations have significantly flatter demand distributions,
even after controlling for variations in average category demand, the
category's size and measures of price dispersion. Our empirical findings
indicate that doubling the average influence of recommendations on a
category is associated with an average increase in the relative demand
for the least popular 20% of products by about 50%, and a average
reduction in the relative demand for the most popular 20% by about 12%.
We also show that this e¤ect is enhanced when there is
assortative mixing in the recommendation network, and in categories
whose products are more evenly influenced by recommendations. The
direction of these results persist across time, across both demand and
revenue distributions, and across both daily and weekly demand
aggregations. Our work offers new ideas for assessing the influence of
networks on demand and revenue patterns in electronic commerce, and
provides new empirical evidence supporting the impact of visible
recommendations on the long tail of electronic commerce
Stock certificate for New York and Unitah Mining Company
A stock certificate made out to Thomas Bowen from the New York and Unitah Mining Companyhttps://scholars.fhsu.edu/tj_bowen/1029/thumbnail.jp
Our Book 1911
The yearbook of the class of 1911https://touroscholar.touro.edu/nymc_arch_yearbooks/1000/thumbnail.jp
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