Induced Systemic Resistance (ISR) in Arabidopsis thaliana by Bacillus amyloliquefaciens and Trichoderma harzianum Used as Seed Treatments

International audienceThe Trichoderma fungal species and the bacteria Bacillus species were described as inducers of plant systemic resistance in relation to their antagonistic activity. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of selected strains of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens (I3) and Trichoderma harzianum (A) on inducing systemic resistance in Arabidopsis thaliana as a model for plant molecular genetics. The microorganisms were identified and were confirmed for their antagonistic potential in vitro and in vivo in previous studies. In order to explore this mechanism, two mutants of A. thaliana carrying a PR1 promoter (a conventional marker of salicylic acid (SA) pathway) and LOX2 promoter (a marker triggering jasmonic acid (JA) pathway activation) were analyzed after inoculating antagonists. Transgenic reporter line analysis demonstrated that B. amyloliquefaciens I3 and T. harzianum A induce A. thaliana defense pathways by activating SA and JA at a high level compared to lines treated with chemical elicitors of references (acibenzolar-S-methyl (Bion 50 WG (water-dispersible granule)), SA, and methyl jasmonate). The efficacy of B. amyloliquefaciens I3 and T. harzianum A in inducing the defense mechanism in A. thaliana was demonstrated in this study

Filtration de silices précipitées (mise en évidence des relations entre propriétés macroscopiques et échelles locales caractéristiques dans les dépôts)

TOULOUSE3-BU Sciences (315552104) / SudocSudocFranceF

Study of a Coplanar Circulator Based on a Barium Hexaferrite Nanocomposite

International audienceThis paper presents the design and analysis of a Y-junction coplanar circulator operating in the frequency range of 40{60 GHz. The magnetic material used in this circulator's numerical study is a Barium Hexaferrite with a magnetization lower than the usual ferrite. Its purpose is to assume the performance of such circulator when its conventional ferrite is replaced by a magnetic nanocomposite. Magnetization depends on the volume of the magnetic material; therefore, the volume fraction of the barium hexaferrite nanoparticles in the ¯nal nanocomposite is introduced. A three dimensional ¯nite element method was used to evaluate numerically the circulator's performance. Preliminary experiments on the nanocomposite magnetic material showing its orientation and non-reciprocity are presented

Etude comparative des composés phénoliques avant et après contournement du gène Vm de Malus micromalus pr la race 5 de Venturia inaequalis Cke Wint

Etude comparative des composés phénoliques avant et après contournement du gène Vm de [i]Malus micromalus[/i] pr la race 5 de [i]Venturia inaequali[/i]s Cke Wint. 18th Internationational Conference on Polyphenol

Magnetic Behavior of Barium Hexaferrite nanoparticles

International audienc

Aux marges des grammaires : mélanges en l'honneur de Michèle Noailly

Sous la direction de Élisabeth Richard, Marie-Claude Le Bot, Martine Schuwer... [et al.].Titre de forme : Mélanges. Noailly, Michèle.Les travaux de Michèle Noailly ouvrent des perspectives toujours novatrices d’analyse de la langue française et c’est dans cet esprit que s’inscrit ce livre. Qu’il s’agisse de dénomination, de qualification ou de syntaxe, ces contributions revisitent et réévaluent les phénomènes de normes et d’intégration syntaxique interrogeant sans cesse les marges de la grammaire

Aux marges des grammaires : mélanges en l'honneur de Michèle Noailly / [sous la direction de] Élisabeth Richard, Marie-Claude Le Bot, Martine Schuwer... [et al.]

International audienceLes travaux de Michèle Noailly ouvrent des perspectives toujours novatrices d’analyse de la langue française et c’est dans cet esprit que s’inscrit ce livre. Qu’il s’agisse de dénomination, de qualification ou de syntaxe, ces contributions revisitent et réévaluent les phénomènes de normes et d’intégration syntaxique interrogeant sans cesse les marges de la grammaire

Aux marges des grammaires : mélanges en l'honneur de Michèle Noailly

Sous la direction de Élisabeth Richard, Marie-Claude Le Bot, Martine Schuwer... [et al.].Titre de forme : Mélanges. Noailly, Michèle.Les travaux de Michèle Noailly ouvrent des perspectives toujours novatrices d’analyse de la langue française et c’est dans cet esprit que s’inscrit ce livre. Qu’il s’agisse de dénomination, de qualification ou de syntaxe, ces contributions revisitent et réévaluent les phénomènes de normes et d’intégration syntaxique interrogeant sans cesse les marges de la grammaire

Decoding the Divergent Subcellular Location of Two Highly Similar Paralogous LEA Proteins

Many mitochondrial proteins are synthesized as precursors in the cytosol with an N-terminal mitochondrial targeting sequence (MTS) which is cleaved off upon import. Although much is known about import mechanisms and MTS structural features, the variability of MTS still hampers robust sub-cellular software predictions. Here, we took advantage of two paralogous late embryogenesis abundant proteins (LEA) from Arabidopsis with different subcellular locations to investigate structural determinants of mitochondrial import and gain insight into the evolution of the LEA genes. LEA38 and LEA2 are short proteins of the LEA_3 family, which are very similar along their whole sequence, but LEA38 is targeted to mitochondria while LEA2 is cytosolic. Differences in the N-terminal protein sequences were used to generate a series of mutated LEA2 which were expressed as GFP-fusion proteins in leaf protoplasts. By combining three types of mutation (substitution, charge inversion, and segment replacement), we were able to redirect the mutated LEA2 to mitochondria. Analysis of the effect of the mutations and determination of the LEA38 MTS cleavage site highlighted important structural features within and beyond the MTS. Overall, these results provide an explanation for the likely loss of mitochondrial location after duplication of the ancestral gene