Autonomic modulation of heart rate of young and postmenopausal women undergoing estrogen therapy

The aim of the present study was to determine whether estrogen therapy (ET) reduces alterations of the autonomic control of heart rate (HR) due to hypoestrogenism and aging. Thirteen young (24 ± 2.6 years), 10 postmenopausal (53 ± 4.6 years) undergoing ET (PM-ET), and 14 postmenopausal (56 ± 2.6 years) women not undergoing ET (PM) were studied. ET consisted of 0.625 mg/day conjugated equine estrogen. HR was recorded continuously for 8 min at rest in the supine and sitting positions. HR variability (HRV) was analyzed by time (SDNN and rMSSD indices) and frequency domain methods. Power spectral components are reported as normalized units (nu) at low (LF) and high (HF) frequencies, and as LF/HF ratio. Intergroup comparisons: SDNN index was higher in young (median: supine, 47 ms; sitting, 42 ms) than in PM-ET (33; 29 ms) and PM (31; 29 ms) women (P < 0.05). PM showed lower HFnu, higher LFnu and higher LF/HF ratio (supine: 44, 56, 1.29; sitting: 38, 62, 1.60) than the young group in the supine position (61, 39, 0.63) and the PM-ET group in the sitting position (57, 43, 0.75; P < 0.05). Intragroup comparisons: HR was lower in the supine than in the sitting position for all groups (P < 0.05). The HRV decrease from the supine to the sitting position was significant only in the young group. These results suggest that HRV decreases during aging. ET seems to attenuate this process, promoting a reduction in sympathetic activity on the heart and contributing to the cardioprotective effect of estrogen hormones.49149

Reproduction of the blue jack mackerel, Trachurus picturatus, in western Portugal: microscopic gonad analysis reveals indeterminate fecundity and skipped spawning patterns

Blue jack mackerel, Trachurus picturatus, is the fifth most landed fish species in mainland Portugal, but information on its reproductive biology is scarce. From September 2018 to August 2019, 626 specimens were collected from commercial vessels to clarify the reproductive strategy of the T. picturatus population off the west coast of Portugal. The proportion and length range of males and females were similar. Only three of the specimens collected were categorized as immature, indicating that the fish caught in the fishery are primarily mature. The spawning season lasted from late January until the end of March, with gonadosomatic indices being similar for males and females. Fecundity was indeterminate, and estimated batch fecundity ranged between 6,798 (at 25.4 cm TL) and 302,358 oocytes (at 33.8 cm TL). The low number of females showing direct evidence of imminent or recent spawning suggests a low number of spawning events. In addition, 12.7% of females were considered non-reproductive due to ovary abnormalities including parasitic infection by Kudoa species, atretic structures and skipped spawning events. This study highlights the importance of accounting for skipped spawning events and ovary abnormalities in the management of species fisheries.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Evaluation Of Gasometric Parameters In Trauma Patients During Mobile Prehospital Care [avaliação Dos Parâmetros Gasométricos Dos Traumatizados Durante O Atendimento Pré-hospitalar Móvel]

Objective: To evaluate gasometric differences of severe trauma patients requiring intubation in prehospital care. Methods: Patients requiring airway management were submitted to collection of arterial blood samples at the beginning of pre-hospital care and at arrival at the Emergency Room. We analyzed: Glasgow Coma Scale, respiratory rate, arterial pH, arterial partial pressure of CO2 (PaCO2), arterial partial pressure of O2 (PaO2), base excess (BE), hemoglobin O2 saturation (SpO2) and the relation of PaO2 and inspired O2 (PaO2/FiO2). Results: There was statistical significance of the mean differences between the data collected at the site of the accident and at the entrance of the ER as for respiratory rate (p = 0.0181), Glasgow Coma Scale (p = 0.0084), PaO2 (p &lt;0.0001) and SpO2 (p = 0.0018). Conclusion: tracheal intubation changes the parameters PaO2 and SpO2. There was no difference in metabolic parameters (pH, bicarbonate and base excess). In the analysis of blood gas parameters between survivors and non-survivors there was statistical difference between PaO2, hemoglobin oxygen saturation and base excess.404293299Gonsaga, R.A., Brugugnolli, I.D., Fraga, G.P., Comparison between two mobile pre-hospital care services for trauma patients (2012) Word J Emerg Surg., 7 (SUPPL. 1), pp. S6Pereira Júnior, G.A., Carvalho, J.B., Ponte Filho, A.D., Malzone, D.A., Pedersoli, C.E., Transporte intra-hospitalar do paciente crítico (2007) Medicina., 40 (4), pp. 500-508Kue, R., Brown, P., Ness, C., Scheulen, J., Adverse clinical events during intrahospital transport by a specialized team: A preliminary report (2011) Am J Crit Care., 20 (2), pp. 153-161Lima Junior, N.A., Bacelar, S.C., Japiassú, A.M., Cader, S.A., Lima, R.C.F., Dantas, E.H.M., Gasometria arterial em dois diferentes métodos de transporte intra-hospitalar no pós-operatório imediato de cirurgia cardíaca (2012) Rev bras ter intensiva., 24 (2), pp. 162-166Waydhas, C., Schneck, G., Duswald, K.H., Deterioration of respiratory function after intra-hospital transport of critically ill surgical patients (1995) Intensive Care Med., 21 (10), pp. 784-789Zuchelo, L.T.S., Chiavone, P.A., Transporte intra-hospitalar de pacientes sob ventilação invasiva: Repercussões cardiorrespiratórias e eventos adversos (2009) J bras pneumol., 35 (4), pp. 367-374Gervais, H.W., Eberle, B., Konietzke, D., Hennes, H.J., Dick, W., Comparison of blood gases of ventilated patients during transport (1987) Crit Care Med., 15 (8), pp. 761-763Wildner, G., Pauker, N., Archan, S., Gemes, G., Rigaud, M., Pocivalnik, M., Arterial line in prehospital emergency settings-A feasibility study in four physician-staffed emergency medical systems (2011) Resuscitation., 82 (9), pp. 1198-1201Schmelzer, T.M., Perron, A.D., Thomason, M.H., Sing, R.F., A comparison of central venous and arterial base deficit as a predictor of survival in acute trauma (2008) Am J Emerg Med., 26 (2), pp. 119-123Bilello, J.F., Davis, J.W., Lemaster, D., Townsend, R.N., Parks, S.N., Sue, L.P., Prehospital hypotension in blunt trauma: Identifying the "crump factor" (2011) J Trauma., 70 (5), pp. 1038-1042(2012) Atendimento pré-hospitalar ao traumatizado, PHTLS / NAEMT, , Tradução do original Prehospital trauma life support, por Renata Scavone, et al. 7a ed. Rio de Janeiro: ElsevierFraga, G.P., Mantovani, M., Magna, L.A., Índices de trauma em pacientes submetidos à laparotomia (2004) Rev Col Bras Cir., 31 (5), pp. 299-306Barros, M.D.A., Ximenes, R., Lima, M.L.C., Mortalidade por causas externas em crianças e adolescentes: Tendência de 1979 a 1995 (2001) Rev Saúde Pública., 35 (2), pp. 142-149Gonsaga, R.A.T., Rimoli, C.F., Pires, E.A., Zogheib, F.S., Fujino, M.V.T., Cunha, M.B., Avaliação da mortalidade por causas externas (2012) Rev Col Bras Cir., 39 (4), pp. 263-267Batista, S.E.A., Baccani, J.G., Silva, R.A.P., Gualda, K.P.F., Vianna Junior, R.J.A., Análise comparativa entre os mecanismos de trauma, as lesões e o perfil de gravidade das vítimas, em Catanduva-SP (2006) Rev Col Bras Cir., 33 (1), pp. 6-10Carrasco, C.E., Godinho, M., Berti de Azevedo Barros, M., Rizoli, S., Fraga, G.P., Fatal motorcycle crashes: A serious public health problem in Brazil (2012) World J Emerg Surg., 7 (SUPPL. 1), pp. S5Marín-León, L., Belon, A.P., Barros, M.B.A., Almeida, S.D.M., Restitutti, M.C., Tendênica dos acidentes de trânsito em Campinas, São paulo, Brasil: Importância crescente dos motociclistas (2012) Cad Saúde Pública., 28 (1), pp. 39-51Jousi, M., Reitala, J., Lund, V., Katila, A., Leppäniemi, A., The role of prehospital blood gas analysis in trauma resuscitation (2010) World J Emerg Surg., 5, p. 10Martin, M., Oh, J., Currier, H., Tai, N., Beekley, A., Eckert, M., An analysis of in-hospital deaths at a modern combat support hospital (2009) J Trauma., 66 (4 SUPPL.), pp. S51-S60. , discussion S60-1Ouellet, J.F., Roberts, D.J., Tiruta, C., Kirkpatrick, A.W., Mercado, M., Trottier, V., Admission base deficit and lactate levels in Canadian patients with blunt trauma: Are they useful markers of mortality? (2012) J Trauma Acute Care Surg., 72 (6), pp. 1532-1535Darlington, D.N., Kheirabadi, B.S., Delgado, A.V., Scherer, M.R., Martini, W.Z., Dubick, M.A., Coagulation changes to systemic acidosis and bicarbonate correction in swine (2011) J Trauma., 71 (5), pp. 1271-1277Rudkin, S.E., Kahn, C.A., Oman, J.A., Dolich, M.O., Lotfipour, S., Lush, S., Prospective correlation of arterial vs venous blood gas measurements in trauma patients (2012) Am J Emerg Med., 30 (8), pp. 1371-1377Hussmann, B., Lefering, R., Waydhas, C., Ruchholtz, S., Wafaisade, A., Kauther, M.D., Prehospital intubation of the moderately injured patient: A cause of morbidity? A matched-pairs analysis of 1,200 patients from the DGU Trauma Registry (2011) Crit Care., 15 (5), pp. R207Park, M., Costa, E.L.V., McIel, A.T., Hirota, A.S., Vasconcelos, E., Azevedo, L.C.P., Alterações hemodinâmicas, respiratórias e metabólicas agudas após o contato do sangue com o circuito extracorpóreo da ECMO: Estudo experimental (2012) Rev bras ter intensiva., 24 (2), pp. 137-14