130 research outputs found
A Model-Driven Engineering Approach for ROS using Ontological Semantics
This paper presents a novel ontology-driven software engineering approach for
the development of industrial robotics control software. It introduces the
ReApp architecture that synthesizes model-driven engineering with semantic
technologies to facilitate the development and reuse of ROS-based components
and applications. In ReApp, we show how different ontological classification
systems for hardware, software, and capabilities help developers in discovering
suitable software components for their tasks and in applying them correctly.
The proposed model-driven tooling enables developers to work at higher
abstraction levels and fosters automatic code generation. It is underpinned by
ontologies to minimize discontinuities in the development workflow, with an
integrated development environment presenting a seamless interface to the user.
First results show the viability and synergy of the selected approach when
searching for or developing software with reuse in mind.Comment: Presented at DSLRob 2015 (arXiv:1601.00877), Stefan Zander, Georg
Heppner, Georg Neugschwandtner, Ramez Awad, Marc Essinger and Nadia Ahmed: A
Model-Driven Engineering Approach for ROS using Ontological Semantic
Concentrations and uptake of macro and micronutrients by chickpea compared to pea, barley and oat in Central Europe
Ein zweijähriger Feldversuch wurde im Osten Österreichs durchgeführt, um die Konzentrationen und die Aufnahme von Makro- (Ca, K, Mg, P) und Mikronährstoffen (Cu, Mn, Zn) durch Kichererbse (Cicer arietinum) im Vergleich zu Erbse, Gerste und Hafer zu erheben, um so Informationen für die mögliche Einführung von Kichererbse in zentraleuropäische Agrarsysteme zu gewinnen. Die Körner von Kichererbse wiesen höhere Nährstoffkonzentrationen (mit Ausnahme von Mn) auf als jene der beiden Getreidearten. In einem Jahr mit durchschnittlichen klimatischen Verhältnissen konnte die Kichererbse eine geringe Aufnahme von Mg und P ins Korn pro Fläche erreichen, während der K-, Cu- und Zn-Kornertrag ähnlich jenem von Gerste und Hafer war, da die Kichererbse den geringeren Kornertrag durch höhere Nährstoffkonzentrationen kompensieren konnte. Indessen konnte die Kichererbse in einem Jahr mit starker Trockenheit die anderen Kulturpflanzen im Kornertrag der Makronährstoffe Ca, K, Mg und P und des Mikronährstoffes Cu übertreffen, und zwar aufgrund des mit den weiteren Kulturpflanzen ähnlichen Kornertrages und den höheren Kornkonzentrationen dieser Elemente im Vergleich zu Gerste und Hafer. DOI: 10.5073/JfK.2015.12.02, https://doi.org/10.5073/JfK.2015.12.02Chickpea (Cicer arietinum) could be a promising new crop in Central Europe for contributing to agro-system diversification and reducing the substantial deficit of vegetable protein sources in the European Union. A two-year field experiment was conducted in eastern Austria to assess concentrations and uptake of macro (Ca, K, Mg, P) and micronutrients (Cu, Mn, Zn) of chickpea as compared to pea, barley and oat to gain information for a possible introduction of chickpea to Central European agro-system with regard to its contribution to human and livestock nutrition and its nutrient demand. Chickpea grain had higher concentrations of all analysed nutrients (except of Mn) than cereal grains. In year with average climatic conditions, chickpea had a lower grain nutrient uptake of Mg and P than pea, barley and oat but a similar one to barley and oat for K, Cu and Zn as higher grain concentrations of chickpea could compensate its lower grain yield. Whereas, chickpea could outperform the other crops in a year with drought conditions regarding the uptake of macronutrients Ca, K, Mg and P and micronutrient Cu due to both a similar grain yield with the other crops and higher grain concentrations of these elements as compared to barley and oat. DOI: 10.5073/JfK.2015.12.02, https://doi.org/10.5073/JfK.2015.12.0
Modeling electromechanical properties of layered electrets: Application of the finite-element method
We present calculations on the deformation of two- and three-layer electret
systems. The electrical field is coupled with the stress-strain equations by
means of the Maxwell stress tensor. In the simulations, two-phase systems are
considered, and intrinsic relative dielectric permittivity and Young's modulus
of the phases are altered. The numerically calculated electro-mechanical
activity is compared to an analytical expression. Simulations are performed on
two- and three-layer systems. Various parameters in the model are
systematically varied and their influence on the resulting piezoelectricity is
estimated. In three-layer systems with bipolar charge, the piezoelectric
coefficients exhibit a strong dependence on the elastic moduli of the phases.
However, with mono-polar charge, there is no significant piezoelectric effect.
A two-dimensional simulation illustrated that higher piezoelectricity
coefficients can be obtained for non-uniform surface charges and low Poisson's
ratio of phases. Irregular structures considered exhibit low piezoelectric
activity compared to two-layer structures.Comment: To be appaer in J Electrostatic
Interaction of biochar with hemical, green and biological nitrogen fertilizers on nitrogen use efficiency indices
Chemical nitrogen (N) fertilizers are regarded as one of the environmental contaminants in
addition to the necessity for fossil sources for their production. Conversely, it is impossible to neglect
the supply of nitrogen needed as one of the essential ingredients for plant function. For organic
agriculture, it is crucial to use alternative fertilizer management to reduce the harmful impacts and
production costs of chemical fertilizers. In a one-year pot experiment, nitrate (NO−
3
) leaching and
nitrogen efficiency of wheat were examined in relation to biochar (B) mixed with urea (U), legume
residues (L), and azocompost (A), which represent chemical, green, and biological sources of Nfertilizers, respectively. Control (no biochar, no fertilizer), U (46 kg ha−1
), A (5 t ha−1
), L (5 t ha−1
),
B (10 t ha−1
), UB, AB, and LB were the experimental treatments. Grain yield of wheat was enhanced
by 337% and 312% with UB and UL, respectively. The LB produced the highest grain N yield, with a
rise of 8.8 times over the control. L had the highest N-use efficiency, with an increase of 149% over
the control. The highest N-harvest index and N-recovery efficiency were obtained by using LB, with
values of 91 and 70 %, respectively. Nitrate leaching occurred in the following order: U > Control ≥ A
≥ L > UB > AB ≥ LB > B. Nitrogen is retained for the plant in the extensive specific surface of biochar
when N-fertilizers are used in conjunction with them. This not only improves N-efficiency but also
minimizes nitrogen loss through leaching. Additionally, the soil can benefit from the addition of
leguminous organic fertilizer in a similar way as to urea fertilizer in terms of increasing wheat grain
yield, particularly when combined with biochar
Dielectric relaxation dynamics of high-temperature piezoelectric polyimide copolymers
Polyimide co-polymers have been prepared based on different diamines as co-monomers:
a diamine without CN groups and a novel synthesized diamine with two CN groups
prepared by polycondensation reaction followed by thermal cyclodehydration. Dielectric
spectroscopy measurements were performed and the dielectric complex function, ac
conductivity and electric modulus of the co-polymers were investigated as a function of
CN group content in the frequency range from 0.1 Hz to 107
Hz at temperatures from 25
to 260 °C.
For all samples and temperatures above 150ºC, the dielectric constant increases with
increasing temperature due to increaseing conductivity. The α-relaxation is just detected
for the sample without CN groups, being this relaxation overlapped by the electrical
conductivity contributions in the remaining samples. For the copolymer samples and the
polymer with CN groups an important Maxwell-Wagner-Sillars contribution is detected.
The mechanisms responsible for the dielectric relaxation, conduction process and electric
modulus response have been discussed as a function of the CN groups content present in
the samples.This work was supported by FEDER through the COMPETE Program and by the Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT) in the framework of the Strategic Project PESTC/FIS/UI607/2011 and grants SFRH/BD/ 62507/2009 (A.C.L.) SFRH/BD/68499/2010 (C.M.C.). The authors also thank funding from “Matepro – Optimizing Materials and Processes”, ref. NORTE-07-0124-FEDER-000037”, co-funded by the “Programa Operacional Regional do Norte” (ON.2 – O Novo Norte), under the “Quadro de Referência Estratégico Nacional” (QREN), through the “Fundo Europeu de Desenvolvimento Regional” (FEDER). RSS acknowledge the support of the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness through the project MAT2012-38359-C03-01 (including the FEDER financial support). Authors also thank the Basque Country Government for financial support (ACTIMAT project, ETORTEK Program, IE13-380, and Ayudas para Grupos de Investigación del Sistema Universitario Vasco Program, IT718-13)
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