4 research outputs found

    Differential Object Marking in Corsican: Regularities and triggering factors

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    The paper deals with Differential Object Marking in Corsican. After a short introduction, it gives an overview of the main local triggering factors for marking direct objects in general (animacy, referentiality). It then presents the few main assumptions about Corsican DOM in the literature as well as findings of a new corpus study, based on written Corsican texts. Strong personal pronouns and proper names for human referents are consistently marked by the DOM marker Ă , but toponyms and metonymically used proper names are marked as well. Universal and negative quantifiers with a human denotation are also DOM-marked, whereas all other pronouns are not; thus animacy plays only a minor role in Corsican. The presence of determiners, quantifiers or numerals within nominals excludes the presence of Ă , irrespective of the nominals' denotation. Non-specific bare nominals are never DOM-marked, also irrespective of the nominals' denotation. The discussion then explains that the Corsican DOM is triggered much more by syntactic definiteness than animacy, a hypothesis strengthened by the most prominent morphosyntactic regularity at work in Corsican: nominals in combination with determiners and quantifiers cannot be marked by the DOM-marker Ă , even if they denote human beings. The complementary distribution of Ă  and prenominal functional elements requires a further detailed syntactic analysi

    Differential Object Marking in Corsican: Regularities and triggering factors

    Get PDF
    The paper deals with Differential Object Marking in Corsican. After a short introduction, it gives an overview of the main local triggering factors for marking direct objects in general (animacy, referentiality). It then presents the few main assumptions about Corsican DOM in the literature as well as findings of a new corpus study, based on written Corsican texts. Strong personal pronouns and proper names for human referents are consistently marked by the DOM marker Ă , but toponyms and metonymically used proper names are marked as well. Universal and negative quantifiers with a human denotation are also DOM-marked, whereas all other pronouns are not; thus animacy plays only a minor role in Corsican. The presence of determiners, quantifiers or numerals within nominals excludes the presence of Ă , irrespective of the nominals' denotation. Non-specific bare nominals are never DOM-marked, also irrespective of the nominals' denotation. The discussion then explains that the Corsican DOM is triggered much more by syntactic definiteness than animacy, a hypothesis strengthened by the most prominent morphosyntactic regularity at work in Corsican: nominals in combination with determiners and quantifiers cannot be marked by the DOM-marker Ă , even if they denote human beings. The complementary distribution of Ă  and prenominal functional elements requires a further detailed syntactic analysi

    Differentielle Objektmarkierung im Korsischen Verteilung, Auslöser, Funktionen

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    The dissertation Differential Object Marking in Corsican. Distribution, triggers, functions, approaches the phenomenon of Differential Object Marking in Corsican. The phenomenon: Differential Object Marking (DOM), in its most basic and traditional conception, is the marking of certain but not all nominals in direct object (DO) function according to different semantic, syntactic and pragmatic criteria by means of an overtly expressed morphosyntactic marker. In Corsican, DOM is expressed by the morpheme Ă , which is homophonous to the dative and locative prepositions Ă , and appears with the DO if certain semantic, i.e. humanness and/or syntactic conditions, no overt definite article, apply and in turn, does not surface if these do not apply. The data: My approach is based on a corpus of empirical language data which I collected during two fieldtrips in June 2010 and September 2011. By means of a written questionnaire, I surveyed 46 informants, using a forced choice task. The results: The answers of the informants have been quite heterogeneous. Corsican DOM is not categorial, neither in terms of noun classes, nor in terms of semantic features, such as humanness and/or definiteness. Nevertheless, these features have an impact on the marking pattern, but to divergent degrees: proforms[human] get consistently a-marked but common nouns[human] bear the definite article and no a-marker. Among the class of proper nouns not only human but also inanimate DOs get a-marked, e.g. toponyms. In general, a high degree of animacy (humanness) and/or definiteness favours overt marking. In structural terms, a key property of Corsican DOM is the incompatibility of the definite article and the DOM-marker: e.g. common nouns with a definite article are not a-marked. I assume that, in Corsican, definite and/or human DOs require overt case marking expressed either with the definite article or the a-marker: both items may function as overt accusative case markers. If the DOs get marked either by a or the definite article depends on the nominal: nominals which never appear with definite articles such as e.g. proforms, get a-marked, as well as (certain) proper names; common nouns never bear a-marking but most consistently the definite article. In addition to Corsican DOM, I provided also information about the history of Corsican and its speakers and gave some insights in the history of the science regarding Corsican as an independent field of linguistics. This dissertation contributes to Corsican and Romance linguistics as well as to the research on the phenomenon of DOM.Die Dissertation Differential Object Marking in Corsican. Distribution, triggers, functions (Differentielle Objektmarkierung im Korsischen. Distribution, Auslöser, Funktionen) beschĂ€ftigt sich mit der Differentiellen Objektmarkierung im Korsischen. Das PhĂ€nomen: Die Differentielle Objektmarkierung (DOM) beschreibt die overte morphologische Markierung – im Korsischen durch das prĂ€nominale Morphem a – bestimmter (nicht aller) direkter Objekte abhĂ€ngig von Eigenschaften des Objektnomens und/oder seiner direkt umgebenden Struktur aufgrund von semantischen, syntaktischen oder pragmatischen Kriterien. Als Auslöser fĂŒr DOM spielen meist Belebtheit und/oder ReferentialitĂ€t des Objekt-Nomens eine zentrale Rolle. Das trifft auf zahlreiche DOM-Systeme in den romanischen Sprachen zu und so auch auf das korsische. Die Daten: FĂŒr den Fragebogen habe ich SĂ€tze aus der Literatur zur korsischen DOM ĂŒbernommen, modifiziert und ergĂ€nzt. Mit Hilfe des Fragebogens habe ich im Laufe zweier Feldforschungsreisen (im Juni 2010 und September 2011) 46 Sprecher*innen des Korsischen befragt. Die dafĂŒr gewĂ€hlte Methode forced choice (‘erzwungene Wahl’) erfordert von den Informant*innen, aus den angebotenen Optionen die fĂŒr sie ‘beste Option’ auszuwĂ€hlen. Damit sollte die bis dato geringe und lĂŒckenhafte Datenlage auf systematische Weise ergĂ€nzt werden. Die Ergebnisse: Die Verteilung der gegebenen Antworten fiel sehr heterogen aus. Kurz gesagt, orientiert sich die korsische DOM in der Wahrnehmung der Informant*innen nicht entlang feststehender Nominalklassen und reagiert auch nicht eindeutig auf die genannten Merkmale Belebtheit und Definitheit: keine der Klassen und keiner der EinzelsĂ€tze hat alle ‘best option’-Antworten auf sich vereint. Dennoch sind die beiden Merkmale Menschlichkeit und Definitheit relevant, wenn auch, je nach nominaler Klasse, zu unterschiedlichen Teilen. Pronomina[human] werden immer a-markiert, Eigennamen sowohl als auch, lexikalische Nomen tendenziell nicht. Allgemein lĂ€sst sich sagen, dass Menschlichkeit des Objektreferenten und/oder ein hoher Grad an Definitheit eine morphologische Akkusativmarkierung triggert. In struktureller Hinsicht hat sich als zentrale Eigenschaft der korsischen DOM die InkompatibilitĂ€t des definiten Artikels und des DOM-Markers a herausgestellt. Dieser InkompatibilitĂ€t habe ich die Annahme zugrunde gelegt, dass der DOM-Marker und der definite Artikel im Zusammenhang mit referentiellen, definiten und/oder menschlichen direkten Objekten im Korsischen die gleiche Funktion ĂŒbernimmt: Beide Elemente markieren Kasus. Ob Objekte nun mit dem definiten Artikel oder mit a markiert werden, hĂ€ngt von deren Struktur ab: Pronomina können nie mit definiten Artikeln markiert werden, sie erhalten die a-Markierung. Eigennamen treten sowohl mit a-Markierung oder definitem Artikel auf und Nomen erhalten ausschließlich den definiten Artikel. ZusĂ€tzlich enthĂ€lt die Dissertationsschrift auch ein Kapitel zur Sprachgeschichte des Korsischen sowie seiner Klassifizierung als italoromanische SprachvarietĂ€t. Außerdem bietet das Kapitel zum Stand der Forschung auch einen Einblick in die Wissenschaftsgeschichte der korsischen Sprachwissenschaft, deren Beginn als eigenstĂ€ndige Disziplin im deutsch-sprachigen Raum mit dem Eintrag ins Lexikon der Romanischen Linguistik (LRL) 1988 zusammenfĂ€llt. Die Arbeit leistet somit einen Beitrag sowohl zur romanischen und korsischen Sprachwissenschaft als auch zur allgemeinen Forschung des PhĂ€nomens DOM

    Differential Object Marking in Corsican. Regularities and triggering factors

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    The paper deals with Differential Object Marking in Corsican. After a short introduction, it gives an overview of the main local triggering factors for marking direct objects in general (animacy, referentiality). It then presents the few main assumptions about Corsican DOM in the literature as well as findings of a new corpus study, based on written Corsican texts. Strong personal pronouns and proper names for human referents are consistently marked by the DOM marker Ă , but toponyms and metonymically used proper names are marked as well. Universal and negative quantifiers with a human denotation are also DOM-marked, whereas all other pronouns are not; thus animacy plays only a minor role in Corsican. The presence of determiners, quantifiers or numerals within nominals excludes the presence of Ă , irrespective of the nominals' denotation. Non-specific bare nominals are never DOM-marked, also irrespective of the nominals' denotation. The discussion then explains that the Corsican DOM is triggered much more by syntactic definiteness than animacy, a hypothesis strengthened by the most prominent morphosyntactic regularity at work in Corsican: nominals in combination with determiners and quantifiers cannot be marked by the DOM-marker Ă , even if they denote human beings. The complementary distribution of Ă  and prenominal functional elements requires a further detailed syntactic analysis
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