A szÅ‘lÅ‘venyige és a fanyesedék biomassza-erÅ‘művi beszállításának elemzése

Magyarországon is teret hódít a biomassza villamos energia termelésére történÅ‘ felhasználása. A tanulmány Magyarországon képzÅ‘dÅ‘ szÅ‘lÅ‘venyige és fanyesedék biomassza-erÅ‘művi beszállításának lehetÅ‘ségeivel foglalkozik. 2009-ben már öt hazai nagyerÅ‘műben tüzelnek a környezÅ‘ erdÅ‘gazdaságokból származó alapanyagot. Magyarországon rendkívül sok az energetikai célra hasznosítható szÅ‘lÅ‘venyige és fanyesedék, ami nem kerül hasznosításra, holott ezek erÅ‘művi beszállítása – számításaink alapján – 45 km-es szállítási távolság alatt már gazdaságos lehet. A tanulmány hangsúlyozza, hogy az említett melléktermékek erÅ‘művi eltüzelése – csekély jövedelemtermelÅ‘ képessége miatt – jövedelemszerzés helyett inkább a „felesleges†melléktermékektÅ‘l való megszabadulást, az elhelyezési és megsemmisítési problémák megoldását jelenti, mely költségcsökkenést eredményezhet az egyes gazdaságokban. A szerzÅ‘k megállapítása szerint a biomasszát mint mellékterméket hasznosító gazdák és települések összefogása ez esetben is elengedhetetlen az erÅ‘művekkel szembeni megfelelÅ‘ alkupozíció kiharcolásához. ------------------------------------------ The production of electricity from biomass is spreading in Hungary as well. This paper looks at the possibilities of supplying vine cane and wood cuttings produced in Hungary to biomass power plants. In 2009, five large Hungarian power plants already use raw material from the nearby managed forests. An extremely large quantity of vine cane and wood cuttings are produced in Hungary which are suitable – but not used – for electricity production, even though our calculations indicate that such supply could be economical if the distance to cover is less than 45 km. Our paper points out that as burning such by-products in a power plant has little potential for profitability, such use could instead serve to enable farms to get rid of the ‘surplus’ by-products and to resolve issues of disposal and destruction. Some farms could achieve a reduction of their costs this way. The authors have found that cooperation between farmers and communities utilising biomass as a by-product is again essential if they are to step up as a viable negotiating partner of the power plants.szÅ‘lÅ‘venyige, nyesedék, beszállítás, égetés, vine cane, cuttings, supply, burning, Agribusiness, Environmental Economics and Policy, Land Economics/Use,

Probabilistic sequence learning in mild cognitive impairment

Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) causes slight but noticeable disruption in cognitive systems, primarily executive and memory functions. However, it is not clear if the development of sequence learning is affected by an impaired cognitive system and, if so, how. The goal of our study was to investigate the development of probabilistic sequence learning, from the initial acquisition to consolidation, in MCI and healthy elderly control groups. We used the Alternating Serial Reaction Time task (ASRT) to measure probabilistic sequence learning. Individuals with MCI showed weaker learning performance than the healthy elderly group. However, using the reaction times only from the second half of each learning block – after the reactivation phase - we found intact learning in MCI. Based on the assumption that the first part of each learning block is related to reactivation/recall processes, we suggest that these processes are affected in MCI. The 24-hour offline period showed no effect on sequence-specific learning in either group but did on general skill learning: the healthy elderly group showed offline improvement in general reaction times while individuals with MCI did not. Our findings deepen our understanding regarding the underlying mechanisms and time course of sequence acquisition and consolidation

A szőlővenyige és a fanyesedék biomassza-erőművi beszállításának elemzése

Magyarországon is teret hódít a biomassza villamos energia termelésére történő felhasználása. A tanulmány Magyarországon képződő szőlővenyige és fanyesedék biomassza-erőművi beszállításának lehetőségeivel foglalkozik. 2009-ben már öt hazai nagyerőműben tüzelnek a környező erdőgazdaságokból származó alapanyagot. Magyarországon rendkívül sok az energetikai célra hasznosítható szőlővenyige és fanyesedék, ami nem kerül hasznosításra, holott ezek erőművi beszállítása – számításaink alapján – 45 km-es szállítási távolság alatt már gazdaságos lehet. A tanulmány hangsúlyozza, hogy az említett melléktermékek erőművi eltüzelése – csekély jövedelemtermelő képessége miatt – jövedelemszerzés helyett inkább a „felesleges” melléktermékektől való megszabadulást, az elhelyezési és megsemmisítési problémák megoldását jelenti, mely költségcsökkenést eredményezhet az egyes gazdaságokban. A szerzők megállapítása szerint a biomasszát mint mellékterméket hasznosító gazdák és települések összefogása ez esetben is elengedhetetlen az erőművekkel szembeni megfelelő alkupozíció kiharcolásához. ------------------------------------------ The production of electricity from biomass is spreading in Hungary as well. This paper looks at the possibilities of supplying vine cane and wood cuttings produced in Hungary to biomass power plants. In 2009, five large Hungarian power plants already use raw material from the nearby managed forests. An extremely large quantity of vine cane and wood cuttings are produced in Hungary which are suitable – but not used – for electricity production, even though our calculations indicate that such supply could be economical if the distance to cover is less than 45 km. Our paper points out that as burning such by-products in a power plant has little potential for profitability, such use could instead serve to enable farms to get rid of the ‘surplus’ by-products and to resolve issues of disposal and destruction. Some farms could achieve a reduction of their costs this way. The authors have found that cooperation between farmers and communities utilising biomass as a by-product is again essential if they are to step up as a viable negotiating partner of the power plants

Following-up hemorheological consequences of gonadectomy in male and female rats

Growing number of clinical and experimental data reflect to the gender differences of hemorheological parameters.However, little is known about the potential hemorheological effect of gonadectomy and consequent changes in sex hormoneconcentration. Adult, same-aged male and female rats were involved in the study. In control male and female group no surgicalintervention was performed. In gonadectomized (GoE) male and female groups bilateral orchidectomy or ovariectomy werecompleted. Body weight measurement and blood sampling were carried out in the 1st, 2nd and 3rd postoperative months.The GoE females had significant bodyweight augmentation and their plasma estrogen concentration decreased by 40?45%by the 1st postoperative month, while in males the testosterone level was not detectable after gonadectomy. Leukocyte andplatelet counts moderately increased in GoE males. Elongation index values of erythrocytes slightly decreased in both gendersafter gonadectomy, showing converging values. Erythrocyte aggregation index values of GoE females significantly raised bythe 2nd month. It can be concluded that gonadectomy in rats resulted in alteration (dominantly impairment) of blood microrheologicalparameters, by different manner in males and females. Supposedly decrease in estrogen can cause more expressedhemorheological changes than the cessation of testosteron

Effect of rosiglitazone on the frequency of diabetes in patients with impaired glucose tolerance or impaired fasting glucose: a randomised controlled trial

Background Rosiglitazone is a thiazolidinedione that reduces insulin resistance and might preserve insulin secretion. The aim of this study was to assess prospectively the drugs ability to prevent type 2 diabetes in individuals at high risk of developing the condition