A História da Alimentação: balizas historiográficas

Os M. pretenderam traçar um quadro da História da Alimentação, não como um novo ramo epistemológico da disciplina, mas como um campo em desenvolvimento de práticas e atividades especializadas, incluindo pesquisa, formação, publicações, associações, encontros acadêmicos, etc. Um breve relato das condições em que tal campo se assentou faz-se preceder de um panorama dos estudos de alimentação e temas correia tos, em geral, segundo cinco abardagens Ia biológica, a econômica, a social, a cultural e a filosófica!, assim como da identificação das contribuições mais relevantes da Antropologia, Arqueologia, Sociologia e Geografia. A fim de comentar a multiforme e volumosa bibliografia histórica, foi ela organizada segundo critérios morfológicos. A seguir, alguns tópicos importantes mereceram tratamento à parte: a fome, o alimento e o domínio religioso, as descobertas européias e a difusão mundial de alimentos, gosto e gastronomia. O artigo se encerra com um rápido balanço crítico da historiografia brasileira sobre o tema

Hydroacoustic assessment of fish and Chaoborus (Diptera-Chaoboridae) distribution in three Neotropical lakes Avaliação hidroacústica da distribuição de peixes e Chaoborus sp. (Diptera-Chaoboridae) em três lagos neotropicais

AIM: This study aims to demonstrate the potential of hydroacoustics in the study of behavior of the invertebrate Chaoborus and fish in neotropical water environments; METHODS: Synoptic campaigns were conducted in May and June-2008 in Dom Helvécio and Carioca lakes, at the Parque Estadual do Rio Doce (MG), and Nado reservoir, Belo Horizonte (MG). The acoustic scattering of targets was studied using a downward-oriented split-beam 200 kHz echosounder; RESULTS: We detected clear echo signals from fish and Chaoborus larvae, which can be viewed in high density in all environments studied. The normal migratory behavior of the larvae of Chaoborus could be easily monitored in the Dom Helvécio Lake and the Nado reservoir. However, this behavior was not seen in Carioca Lake; CONCLUSIONS: This study revealed the potential application of acoustic approaches to study the behavior of fish and zooplankton organisms in freshwater aquatic systems.OBJETIVOS: O presente estudo tem como objetivo demonstrar as potencialidades da hidroacústica no estudo do comportamento do predador invertebrado Chaoborus e de peixes em ambientes aquáticos tropicais; MÉTODOS: Foram realizadas campanhas diurnas e noturnas em maio e junho/2008 nas lagoas Dom Helvécio e Carioca, no Parque Estadual do Rio Doce e no reservatório do Nado em Belo Horizonte (MG). O espalhamento acústico dos alvos foi estudado utilizando-se uma ecossonda com transdutor digital "split-beam" de 200 kHz direcionado verticalmente para o fundo do lago; RESULTADOS: A ecossondagem nos permitiu detectar eco-sinais claros provenientes de peixes e das larvas de Chaoborus, que estavam presentes grande densidade em todos os ambientes estudados. O comportamento migratório normal das larvas de Chaoborus pôde ser acompanhado facilmente na Lagoa Dom Helvécio e no reservatório do Nado. Entretanto, tal comportamento não foi visualizado na Lagoa Carioca. CONCLUSÕES: Os resultados mostrados neste estudo revelaram o potencial de aplicação da abordagem acústica no estudo do comportamento de peixes e organismos zooplanctônicos em sistemas aquáticos de água doce

Hydroacoustic assessment of fish and Chaoborus (Diptera-Chaoboridae) distribution in three Neotropical lakes

AIM: This study aims to demonstrate the potential of hydroacoustics in the study of behavior of the invertebrate Chaoborus and fish in neotropical water environments; METHODS: Synoptic campaigns were conducted in May and June-2008 in Dom Helvécio and Carioca lakes, at the Parque Estadual do Rio Doce (MG), and Nado reservoir, Belo Horizonte (MG). The acoustic scattering of targets was studied using a downward-oriented split-beam 200 kHz echosounder; RESULTS: We detected clear echo signals from fish and Chaoborus larvae, which can be viewed in high density in all environments studied. The normal migratory behavior of the larvae of Chaoborus could be easily monitored in the Dom Helvécio Lake and the Nado reservoir. However, this behavior was not seen in Carioca Lake; CONCLUSIONS: This study revealed the potential application of acoustic approaches to study the behavior of fish and zooplankton organisms in freshwater aquatic systems

Morbidity due to Schistosoma mansoni - Entamoeba histolytica coinfection in hamsters (Mesocricetus auratus)

Submitted by Ana Maria Fiscina Sampaio ([email protected]) on 2013-01-23T20:37:02Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dolabella, Sílvio Santana et al. Morbidity due to....pdf: 227413 bytes, checksum: 6fd937e06b0b70f7a188e2ec9fd9031f (MD5)Made available in DSpace on 2013-01-23T20:37:02Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dolabella, Sílvio Santana et al. Morbidity due to....pdf: 227413 bytes, checksum: 6fd937e06b0b70f7a188e2ec9fd9031f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais. Instituto de Ciências Biológicas. Departamento de Parasitologia. Belo Horizonte, MG, BrasilFundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Pesquisas René Rachou. Laboratório de Esquistossomose. Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil /Santa Casa de Misericórdia de Belo Horizonte. Belo Horizonte, MG, BrasilUniversidade Federal de Minas Gerais. Instituto de Ciências Biológicas. Departamento de Parasitologia. Belo Horizonte, MG, BrasilUniversidade Federal de Minas Gerais. Instituto de Ciências Biológicas. Departamento de Parasitologia. Belo Horizonte, MG, BrasilFundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Pesquisas Gonçalo Moniz. Laboratório de Patologia Experimental. Salvador, BA, BrasilUniversidade Federal de Minas Gerais. Instituto de Ciências Biológicas. Departamento de Parasitologia. Belo Horizonte, MG, BrasilDados sobre a co-infecção Schistosoma mansoni-Entamoeba histolytica são escassos na literatura. No presente estudo, hamsters com 70 dias de infecção por Schistosoma mansoni (cepa LE) foram inoculados com trofozoítos de Entamoeba histolytica, cepa ICB-EGG (virulenta) e cepa ICB-RPS (não virulenta), via veia porta. O mais evidente resultado da co-infecção foi o aumento da morbidade e mortalidade, quando comparado com os animais com somente uma das infecções. Histologicamente, não houve sinais evidentes da interação entre as duas infecções. O aspecto morfológico do granuloma esquistossomótico e do abcesso hepático amebiano são similares aos observados nos controles, com somente uma infecção. Entretanto, foi observado que os animais co-infectados apresentavam-se mais debilitados e com maior número de lesões amebianas no fígado. Os resultados obtidos indicam que a esquistossomose agrava o curso da infecção amebiana em hamsters.Data on Schistosoma mansoni-Entamoeba histolytica coinfection are scarce in the literature. In the present study, hamsters that had been infected for 70 days with Schistosoma mansoni (LE strain) were inoculated via the portal vein with two strains of trophozoites of Entamoeba histolytica: ICB-EGG (highly virulent) and ICB-RPS (non-virulent). The most evident result of coinfection was increased morbidity and mortality, in comparison with either of the infections alone. Histologically, there were no evident signs of interaction between these two infections. The morphological findings of schistosomal granuloma and amoebic abscesses in the liver were similar to those seen in the respective single-infection controls. However, there was severe wasting of the animals with both infections and greater numbers of amoebic lesions in their livers. The results obtained indicated that schistosomiasis aggravates the course of amoebiasis in hamsters

Morbidity due to Schistosoma mansoni - Entamoeba histolytica coinfection in hamsters (Mesocricetus auratus) Morbidade em hamsters (Mesocricetus auratus) devido à co-infecção Schistosoma mansoni - Entamoeba histolytica

Data on Schistosoma mansoni-Entamoeba histolytica coinfection are scarce in the literature. In the present study, hamsters that had been infected for 70 days with Schistosoma mansoni (LE strain) were inoculated via the portal vein with two strains of trophozoites of Entamoeba histolytica: ICB-EGG (highly virulent) and ICB-RPS (non-virulent). The most evident result of coinfection was increased morbidity and mortality, in comparison with either of the infections alone. Histologically, there were no evident signs of interaction between these two infections. The morphological findings of schistosomal granuloma and amoebic abscesses in the liver were similar to those seen in the respective single-infection controls. However, there was severe wasting of the animals with both infections and greater numbers of amoebic lesions in their livers. The results obtained indicated that schistosomiasis aggravates the course of amoebiasis in hamsters.Dados sobre a co-infecção Schistosoma mansoni-Entamoeba histolytica são escassos na literatura. No presente estudo, hamsters com 70 dias de infecção por Schistosoma mansoni (cepa LE) foram inoculados com trofozoítos de Entamoeba histolytica, cepa ICB-EGG (virulenta) e cepa ICB-RPS (não virulenta), via veia porta. O mais evidente resultado da co-infecção foi o aumento da morbidade e mortalidade, quando comparado com os animais com somente uma das infecções. Histologicamente, não houve sinais evidentes da interação entre as duas infecções. O aspecto morfológico do granuloma esquistossomótico e do abcesso hepático amebiano são similares aos observados nos controles, com somente uma infecção. Entretanto, foi observado que os animais co-infectados apresentavam-se mais debilitados e com maior número de lesões amebianas no fígado. Os resultados obtidos indicam que a esquistossomose agrava o curso da infecção amebiana em hamsters

Neotropical freshwater fisheries : A dataset of occurrence and abundance of freshwater fishes in the Neotropics

The Neotropical region hosts 4225 freshwater fish species, ranking first among the world's most diverse regions for freshwater fishes. Our NEOTROPICAL FRESHWATER FISHES data set is the first to produce a large-scale Neotropical freshwater fish inventory, covering the entire Neotropical region from Mexico and the Caribbean in the north to the southern limits in Argentina, Paraguay, Chile, and Uruguay. We compiled 185,787 distribution records, with unique georeferenced coordinates, for the 4225 species, represented by occurrence and abundance data. The number of species for the most numerous orders are as follows: Characiformes (1289), Siluriformes (1384), Cichliformes (354), Cyprinodontiformes (245), and Gymnotiformes (135). The most recorded species was the characid Astyanax fasciatus (4696 records). We registered 116,802 distribution records for native species, compared to 1802 distribution records for nonnative species. The main aim of the NEOTROPICAL FRESHWATER FISHES data set was to make these occurrence and abundance data accessible for international researchers to develop ecological and macroecological studies, from local to regional scales, with focal fish species, families, or orders. We anticipate that the NEOTROPICAL FRESHWATER FISHES data set will be valuable for studies on a wide range of ecological processes, such as trophic cascades, fishery pressure, the effects of habitat loss and fragmentation, and the impacts of species invasion and climate change. There are no copyright restrictions on the data, and please cite this data paper when using the data in publications

NEOTROPICAL CARNIVORES: a data set on carnivore distribution in the Neotropics

Mammalian carnivores are considered a key group in maintaining ecological health and can indicate potential ecological integrity in landscapes where they occur. Carnivores also hold high conservation value and their habitat requirements can guide management and conservation plans. The order Carnivora has 84 species from 8 families in the Neotropical region: Canidae; Felidae; Mephitidae; Mustelidae; Otariidae; Phocidae; Procyonidae; and Ursidae. Herein, we include published and unpublished data on native terrestrial Neotropical carnivores (Canidae; Felidae; Mephitidae; Mustelidae; Procyonidae; and Ursidae). NEOTROPICAL CARNIVORES is a publicly available data set that includes 99,605 data entries from 35,511 unique georeferenced coordinates. Detection/non-detection and quantitative data were obtained from 1818 to 2018 by researchers, governmental agencies, non-governmental organizations, and private consultants. Data were collected using several methods including camera trapping, museum collections, roadkill, line transect, and opportunistic records. Literature (peer-reviewed and grey literature) from Portuguese, Spanish and English were incorporated in this compilation. Most of the data set consists of detection data entries (n = 79,343; 79.7%) but also includes non-detection data (n = 20,262; 20.3%). Of those, 43.3% also include count data (n = 43,151). The information available in NEOTROPICAL CARNIVORES will contribute to macroecological, ecological, and conservation questions in multiple spatio-temporal perspectives. As carnivores play key roles in trophic interactions, a better understanding of their distribution and habitat requirements are essential to establish conservation management plans and safeguard the future ecological health of Neotropical ecosystems. Our data paper, combined with other large-scale data sets, has great potential to clarify species distribution and related ecological processes within the Neotropics. There are no copyright restrictions and no restriction for using data from this data paper, as long as the data paper is cited as the source of the information used. We also request that users inform us of how they intend to use the data