Flutuação populacional de espécies de Anastrepha Schiner (Diptera: Tephritidae) na Região de Manaus, AM

The population fluctuation of Anastrepha Schiner (Diptera: Tephritidae) species captured in McPhail traps was examined. Specimens of Anastrepha were collected weekly over a period of 80 weeks, from May 1996 to December 1997. The traps were baited with sugarcane syrup (10%) and distributed in two localities along the BR 174 highway: km 23 and km 40, north of Manaus, AM, Brazil. Thirteen species were collected: A. striata Schiner, A. obliqua (Macquart), A. leptozona Hendel, A. serpentina (Wied), A. distincta Greene, A. bahiensis Lima, A. antunesi Lima, A. coronilli Carejo e Gonzalez, A. furcata Lima, A. atrigona Hendel, A. flavipennis Greene, A. zernyi Lima and Anastrepha sp. 2 (not identified). The decisive factor governing the occurrence and population fluctuation of fruit flies was found to be the presence of fruit hosts rather than the abiotic factors. There was low correlation (r = 0.074, P > 0.05) between the number of fly/trap/day (FTD) and the precipitation. The time of highest precipitation coincided with the peak period of fructification. Unmeasured factors, such as alternative hosts, natural enemies and host succession probably influence the population of flies. For our knowledge, this is the first record of A. zernyi in Northern of Brazil

Theobroma grandiflorum (Wild ex Spreng Schum)] in Amazonas, Brazil

Biological aspects of the caterpillar Macrosoma tipulata Hübner and its damage to young leaves of Theobroma grandiflorum (Wild ex Spreng Schum) were studied under laboratory conditions of 24.5 ± 0.7°C, UR 61.6 ± 9.1% and 12h photophase. The larval stage presented five instars with a total duration of 15.9 ± 4.31 days, and survival of 98%. The pupal period stage was 7.0 ± 0.56 days for males and 6.9 ± 0.56 days for females, with 99% survival for both sex. The pupal mean length was 18.9 ± 0.89 mm for males and 19.1 ± 1.13 mm for females. The mean longevity of the adult was 10.3 ± 2.25 days. The vertical distribution of damage was relatively uniform, with a tendency of greater defoliation in the middle of the treetop, but without significant difference among the three positions

FIRST RECORD OF Conotrachelus humeropictus FIEDLER, 1940 (COLEOPTERA: CURCULIONIDAE) IN THE STATE OF AMAPÁ, BRAZIL

Neste trabalho reportamos pela primeira vez no estado do Amapá, Brasil, Conotrachelus humeropictus Fiedler, 1940 (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) infestando frutos de Theobroma grandiflorum (Willd. ex Spreng.) K. Schum.Plavras-chave: Curculionoidea; Theobroma grandiflorum; Cupuaçu; Fruticultura; Malvaceae.In this work we report for the first time in the state of Amapá, Brazil, Conotrachelus humeropictus Fiedler, 1940 (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) infesting fruits of Theobroma grandiflorum (Willd. ex Spreng.) K. Schum.Keywords: Curculionoidea; Theobroma grandiflorum; Cupuaçu; Fruticultura; Malvaceae

OCORRÊNCIA DO ÁCARO BRANCO Polyphagotarsonemus latus (Banks) EM JAMBU Spilanthes oleracea E OUTRAS PLANTAS HOSPEDEIRAS NO ESTADO DO AMAZONAS

Abstract: Spilanthes oleracea is an unconventional vegetable native to the Amazon, is widely cultivated in several municipalities of the North Brazil. Few pests have been found and identified effectively in this culture, with no record to phytophagous mite. Thus, the purpose of this study was to record the first occurrence of Polyphagotarsonemus latus (Banks) in S. oleracea crops, characterizing the damage and reporting the occurrence of other host plants in Central Amazonia. The main damage caused by P. latus in leaf of S. oleracea are hardening and shrinking of the younger leaves, leaving them unfit for marketing.   KEY WORDS: diversity, pest mites, tropical agriculture.RESUMO: O jambu, Spilanthes oleraceae, é uma hortaliça não convencional nativa da Amazônia, amplamente cultivada como hortaliça folhosa em vários municípios da região Norte. Poucas pragas têm sido constatadas e efetivamente identificadas nesta cultura, não havendo nenhum registro de ácaro fitófago. Assim, o objetivo deste trabalho foi registrar pela primeira vez a ocorrência de Polyphagotarsonemus latus (Banks) em cultivos de jambu, caracterizando os danos e relatar a ocorrência deste ácaro em outras plantas hospedeiras no Estado do Amazonas. Os principais danos causados por P. latus em folha de jambu são o enrijecimento e encarquilhamento das folhas jovens, deixando-as impróprias para comercialização. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: ácaros praga, agricultura tropical, diversidade

Survey and faunistic analysis of fruit flies (Diptera; Tephritidae) in four sites of Amazon State

Realizaram-se estudos sobre ocorrência de moscas-das-frutas em frutos nativos e exóticos em quatro locais do Estado do Amazonas, sendo três no município de Manaus (Bairro do Aleixo, Centro e Estação Experimental de Fruticultura Tropical do INPA / BR-174 km 40) e um no município de Iranduba. Os trabalhos em condições de campo foram conduzidos no período de janeiro/91 a março/92. Foram amostrados os frutos de 35 espécies pertencentes a 17 famílias botânicas, sendo obtidas 38.878 pupas de tefritídeos e 721 pupas de lonqueídeos, das quais emergiram 22.019 e 597 adultos respectivamente e 2.701 parasitóides. As nove espécies de moscas-das-frutas identificadas pertencem ao gênero Anastrepha Schiner, 1868, sendo A. obliqua (Macquart, 1835) a espécie predominante que infestou maior número de hospedeiros, seguida de A. bahiensis Lima 1937 e A. fraterculus (Wied., 1830). Este é o primeiro registro de A. bahiensis, A. manihoti Lima, 1934, A. serpentina (Wied., 1830) e A. antunesi Lima, 1938 para o Estado do Amazonas. A maioria das espécies de moscas-das-frutas foi parasitada por braconídeos (Opiinae e Alysiinae) e algumas por eucoilídeos. Foi elaborada uma chave ilustrada para as espécies de Anastrepha referidas para a Amazônia brasileira.This research deals with the occurrence of fruit fly species and their parasitoids from several native and exotic fruits collected in four sites: three in the county of Manaus (Aleixo, Downtown, "Estação Experimental de Fruticultura Tropical - INPA / BR-174 Km 40") and, one at the county of Iranduba in the Amazon State, Brazil. The studies were carried out from January 1991 to March 1992. The collected fruits belonged to 35 species and 18 families. A total of 38,878 pupae of Tephritidae and 721 of Lonchaeidae were obtained, from which emerged 22,019 and 597 adults besides 2,701 parasitoids. All fruit fly specimens identified belong to the genus Anastrepha. A. obliqua (Macguart, 1835) was the predominant species followed by A. bahiensis and A. fraterculus (Wied., 1830). This is the first reference of A. bahiensis Lima, 1937, A. manihoti Lima, 1934, A. serpentina (Wied., 1830) and A. antunesi Lima, 1938 for the State of Amazon. Most the fruit flies species were parasitized by braconids (Opiinae and Alysiinae) and some by eucoilids. A pictorial key for the fruit flies species of Brazilian Amazonian is presented