USING ORDER STATISTICS TO ESTIMATE PROBABILITIES OF PURCHASE FOR CONSUMER GOODS

Much work has been done recently to develop models of individual brand choice. This work has been especially fruitful in the area of “attribute investigation” (e.g., conjoint analysis) for the purpose of uncovering an “ideal” set of product attributes for a given product on a customer-by-customer basis. These techniques have been employed in several strategic areas of marketing, including product specification, pricing, service prioritization, brand image/equity, and satisfaction/loyalty. Similarly, some effort has been made with the issue of optimal advertising strategy. This paper considers the advertising effectiveness function within the context of other interrelated variables such as consumer preference (brand choice) for a brand vis-à-vis its competitors. The model suggests, among other things, that under certain reasonable conditions, the advertising response function may not be “diminishing marginal returns” or ‘S-shaped’ as is usually assumed, but instead will increase up to a point and then decline. The model also explicitly considers the advertising expenditures of competing brands, as well as intrinsic "liking" for them. The consideration of competitive activity, in the present study may yield a more complete model of advertising response than is found elsewhere. Finally the model provides direction for strategic purposes in its ability to illustrate in a fairly straightforward and graphical sense how advertising and promotion “work” in much the same way that demand and supply curves illustrate how the various economic inputs work.Statistics Working Papers Serie

Evolving role of nuclear medicine modalities in the evaluation of renal diseases

Department of Radiology and Imaging, Nicolae Testemitanu State University of Medicine and Pharmacy Chisinau, the Republic of Moldova, The IVth Congress of Radiology and Medical Imaging of the Republic of Moldova with international participation, Chisinau, May 31 – June 2, 2018Background: Nuclear medicine in renal diseases is becoming one of the most important modalities of investigation. Material and methods: The study involved a search of the Pubmed Central database with the keywords renal scintigraphy, renal diseases, nuclear medicine, kidney function. The retrieved articles were studied and nuclear medicine techniques used for evaluation of kidney diseases were summarized. Results: The search revealed 9899 articles, which were subsequently filtered according to their relevance. The results show several groups of radiopharmaceuticals used for evaluation of renal function and renal abnormalities. Tubular secretion agents such as Tc-99m MAG3 are most commonly used for evaluating renal function, obtaining renograms and a variety of parameters reflecting differential renal function such as time to peak activity, relative renal uptake ratios at 2 to 3 minutes, half time excretion, differential cortical excretion at 15 minutes, 20-min to peak count ratio, etc. Glomerular filtration agents such as Tc-99m DTPA and 125-I-labeled sodium lothalamate (Glofil) are commonly used for evaluation of glomerular filtration rate. Renal cortical agents such as Tc-99m DMSA and Tc-99m glucoheptonate are used for visualization of renal parenchyma due to their ability to bind for a sufficiently long period to the renal tubules, allowing their visualization. Positron emission tomography agents such as 2-deoxy-2-[fluorine-18]fluoro- D-glucose (18F-FDG) are commonly used for evaluation of patients with primary renal malignancies or metastatic renal lesions. A variety of other radiopharmaceuticals are also under development or used for research purposes. Conclusions: Nuclear medicine is increasingly being used in patients with various renal abnormalities and its area of applications is expanding

In-vitro Evaluation of toothpaste containing enzymes and proteins on inhibiting plaque re-growth of the children with high caries experience

Dental caries belong to a disease which has a complex etiology. Individual preventive measures are not adequate enough to control the disease especially in children with high caries experience The aim of the study was to evaluate the efficacy of tooth pa

USING ORDER STATISTICS TO ESTIMATE PROBABILITIES OF PURCHASE FOR CONSUMER GOODS

Much work has been done recently to develop models of individual brand choice. This work has been especially fruitful in the area of “attribute investigation” (e.g., conjoint analysis) for the purpose of uncovering an “ideal” set of product attributes for a given product on a customer-by-customer basis. These techniques have been employed in several strategic areas of marketing, including product specification, pricing, service prioritization, brand image/equity, and satisfaction/loyalty. Similarly, some effort has been made with the issue of optimal advertising strategy. This paper considers the advertising effectiveness function within the context of other interrelated variables such as consumer preference (brand choice) for a brand vis-à-vis its competitors. The model suggests, among other things, that under certain reasonable conditions, the advertising response function may not be “diminishing marginal returns” or ‘S-shaped’ as is usually assumed, but instead will increase up to a point and then decline. The model also explicitly considers the advertising expenditures of competing brands, as well as intrinsic "liking" for them. The consideration of competitive activity, in the present study may yield a more complete model of advertising response than is found elsewhere. Finally the model provides direction for strategic purposes in its ability to illustrate in a fairly straightforward and graphical sense how advertising and promotion “work” in much the same way that demand and supply curves illustrate how the various economic inputs work.Statistics Working Papers Serie

Indian Innovative Ways Are More Than Digitization: Bhodhivanam, the Library's Forest Environment

The father of Indian library science, Dr. S. R. Ranganathan has contributed a lot to the rich tradition of librarianship in India. During his studies abroad he became familiar with the western tradition of library science. At home in India, he helped develop a view and practice of librarianship that reflect Indian culture. Today we must continue his work. While we may learn from the West, we can contribute omething that is uniquely Indian to this discipline of library and information science. Importance of learning environments are increasing now. The appropriate environment will help a lot to decode the thought from books and documents to the readers heart. This paper discuses the decoding activities and improved level of decoding up to Wisdom