techno economic design of wind farms a methodology and multi scenario application

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towards optimum energy utilization by using the inverters for industrial production

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Wind Resource Assessment in Abadan Airport in Iran

Renewable energies have potential for supplying of relatively clean and mostly local energy. Wind energy generation is expected to increase in the near future and has experienced dramatic growth over the past decade in many countries. Wind speed is the most important parameter in the design and study of wind energy conversion systems. Probability density functions such as Weibull and Rayleigh are often used in wind speed and wind energy analyses. This paper presents an assessment of wind energy at three heights during near two years based on Weibull distribution function in Abadan Airport. Extrapolation of the 10 m and 40 m data, using the power law, has been used to determine the wind speed at height of 80 m. According to the results wind speed at 80 m height in Abadan is ranged from 5.8 m/s in Nov to 8.5 m/s in Jun with average value of 7.15 m/s. In this study, different parameters such as Weibull parameters, diurnal and monthly wind speeds, cumulative distribution and turbulence intensity have been estimated and analyzed. In addition Energy production of different wind turbines at different heights was estimated. The results show that the studied site has good potential for Installation of large and commercial wind turbines at height of 80 m or highe

Exergy analysis and optimization of the Rankine cycle in steam power plants using the firefly algorithm

The analysis of the exergy efficiency has always been considered as a fundamental criterion to study the behavior of the thermodynamic cycles. In this research, the exergy analysis of a steam power plant for generating electricity with Rankine thermodynamic cycle is carried out. Zarand steam power plant, which is located in the Kerman province, is considered as a case study. In order to optimize these thermodynamic processes and to achieve the highest exergy efficiency value, some primary parameters were considered as the decision variables. By changing the values of these parameters, an attempt was made to enhance the exergy efficiency by using a novel approach. The six decision variables, which are, output temperature and pressure values of the boiler, as well as the output pressure values of the four stages of the turbine, were chosen on the basis of probability of variations in a certain range of electricity generation parameters for the studied power plant. The exergy efficiency was considered as the objective function. Afterwards, optimization of the power plant by employing the firefly algorithm, which is one of the relatively latest invented algorithms for solving the optimization problems, was carried out. The firefly model performs the optimization process inspired by the behavior and action of fireflies to attract mates and reject enemies. For the purpose of analysis of the exergy efficiency, at the first stage, the optimization of exergy efficiency function was performed for the studied steam power plant, and then the results were compared with the solutions obtained using the genetic and particle swarm optimization algorithms. Final results are indicative of the fact that by appropriate changes in the decision variables and employing the firefly algorithm, the exergy efficiency of the thermal power plant increased from 30.1 to 30.7037 percent. This increase was equivalent to 0.6037 for the cycle, and compared to the results obtained from the genetic and swarm particle optimization algorithms, it was 0.04% and 0.0398% higher, respectively

Techno-economic modelling, analysis and simulation of a water distribution system integrated with pump and autoclave components

Water distribution networks (WDNs), have a complex structure. Their least-cost design and simulation is therefore crucial to convey adequate quantities of water from sources to consumers using the most efficient way. The current research attempts to present an original approach to perform the technical and economic evaluation of a WDN integrated with an autoclave system. For this purpose, a mathematical modelling method is employed to investigate the techno-economic viability of the simulated water system under the effect of the system's design variables. The autoclave's minimum and maximum pressure values as well as the pump flow capacity rates are considered as the free variables of the system and then entered into the proposed analytical model. Afterwards, a tradeoff analysis among the primary components of the system, i.e., pump and autoclave cost has been performed. In the next step, an evaluation on the cost of energy was also carried out to demonstrate the cost variations according to the different pressure values. Results are indicative of the significant changes in the total system cost under the effect of the design variables. In the last stage of this paper, a sensitivity and graphical analysis of the decision variables was also performed to define the input parameters, thus determining the optimum maximum pressure of the autoclave system by which the total cost of the water system is minimized. The technical variables such as the autoclave volume and pump differential head were also investigated during the performed analysis

Performance Evaluation and Optimization of a Photovoltaic/Thermal (PV/T) System according to Climatic Conditions

Population and economic growth, industrial activities, development of technology, and depletion of fossil fuels have all led to increasing energy demand. As a result, there is an increasing ambition towards implementation of sustainable energy sources. In this study, first, a review of the literature is conducted to learn about various methods and objectives for optimization of photovoltaic and thermal (PV/T) systems. Then, a case study is considered, and the seasonal and hourly solar radiation are studied. Further, two methods of multiobjective evolutionary algorithm based on decomposition (MOEA/D) and multiobjective particle swarm optimization (MOPSO) are compared. On this basis, the energy and exergy efficiencies are analyzed for a proposed PV/T system. The outcomes are validated by taking into account the previous studies, and a sufficient agreement is found indicating the validity and accuracy of the results. It is also found that the efficiency rates for both energy and exergy soar with a rise in the ambient temperature. Additionally, a growth in the warm water flow rate from 0.4 to 1 kg/s increases the exergy efficiency by 0.6%. It is concluded that the MOEA/D method outperforms the MOPSO in terms of the optimization of the proposed PV/T system

The Potential of Wind for Energy Production and Water Pumping in Saravan County

Sustainable sources of energy are vital for energy production in remote areas which have difficult access to electricity and grid. Thus, in this paper an initial evaluation of wind resource for over 18 months was done to evaluate the potential of wind energy as a power generation source in a remote village in Saravan county, southeastern Iran. The Weibull distribution is employed to model the wind data at three heights: 10, 30 and 40 meters. The Weibull distribution presented in this study indicates a good compatibility with the measured wind data. Different wind speed parameters such as monthly and diurnal wind speed profiles at different heights, wind direction, turbulence intensity, and etc. have been estimated and analyzed. The results showed the studied site has not the sufficient wind speed and power for development of commercial wind power plants. But the studied site may be suitable for development of small and residential wind turbines. Therefore in the next part of study, energy production of different small wind turbines has been estimated. It was concluded that one of the small wind turbines which has the highest net energy production of 33,685 kWh/ yr and highest capacity factor of 25.6% can be suitable for non-grid connected electrical and mechanical applications, such as local consumption, battery charging, and water pumping. In the last phase of study, the water pumping potential of the studied area has been investigated