High vacuum facility for hydrazine thruster testing

An ongoing modification is described of a large vacuum chamber to accommodate the ignition of an arcjet hydrazine thruster while maintaining a vacuum level of 1 x 10(exp -5) torr or less. The vacuum facility consists of a 20 ft stainless steel vacuum tank with an internal LN2 shroud, four 35 in. cryopumps and an 8 in. turbopump. To maintain a vacuum level of 1 x 10(exp -5) torr or less, 900 sq ft of liquid helium (LHe) shroud surface was installed to maintain the vacuum level and pumping requirements. A vacuum level of 1 x 10(exp -5) torr or less will allow the hydrazine thrust to exit the thruster nozzle and radiate into a space type environment so that the plume flow field can be analyzed and compared to the analytical model density distribution profile. Some other arcjet thruster characteristics measured are the electromagnetic interference (EMI) and exhaust contamination. This data is used to evaluate if the arcjet thruster with its high specific impulse in comparison to current chemical propulsion thruster can be used for the next generation of communication satellites

The C.1.1.- E.S.R.I. Quarterly and Monthly Surveys of Business Attitudes: Methods and Uses. Quarterly Economic Commentary Special Article, March 1975

Beginning with the fourth quarter of 1961, the Confederation of Irish Industry (C.1.1.) and the Economic and Social Research Institute (E.S.R.I.) have been jointly administering a quarterly survey of businessmen's attitudes in the Republic of Ireland. The results of this survey were circulated to C.I.I. members and since 1968 were published in the E.S.R.I.'s Quarterly Economic Commentary. Similar monthly surveys have been carried out on a coordinated basis by the member countries of the European Economic Community since 1961. On Ireland's accession to the E.E.C. it was decided to revise the C.1.1.-E.S.R.I. survey so as to ensure comparability with those in other member countries. The process of revision has now been completed: the last quarterly survey referred to the fist quarter of 1974, while the first monthly survey was carried out in March 1974, and has been continued on a regular basis since then. The purpose of this note is to describe the methods and coverage of the two surveys, to outline the uses to which the results may be put, and to suggest some directions for further research into both the methods and application of the surveys

Where new firms sprout: the effect of localization and real estate market effects on new firm location patterns

This paper examines the historic location pattern of new firms in North Carolina's Research Triangle region between 1990 and 2008. To better understand the relationship between new firm locations, network localization effects, and market forces, I create the historic record of entrepreneurship within the Triangle region using data from the National Establishment Time Series. This data is then matched by ZIP code with corresponding ESRI demographic data and commercial real estate market data from CoStar Group, Inc. Using this combined dataset, I then examine the correlations between various ZIP demographic environments, their localization characteristics, their prevailing commercial real estate market conditions, and their share of new firm formation. In doing so, I first explore which ZIP environments have historically encouraged new firm formation by examining each of these variables in isolation. Then, using Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) regression modeling, I jointly examine the effects of localization network effects and commercial real estate market factors concurrently upon new firm location within ZIP codes, to determine which variable has the strongest effect on new firm location. This research attempts to disentangle the related intra-regional socio-spatial forces that spawn entrepreneurialism and drive endogenous economic growth. My findings suggest that in isolation, new firms may exhibit location preferences that include: urban locations as opposed to rural, proximity to a strong university, and price motivation by lower facility rental rates. However, when considered altogether, the number of existing firms in an area is both the strongest and only significant predictor of new firm location.Master of City and Regional Plannin

Strike, occupy, transform! Students, subjectivity and struggle

This article uses student activism to explore the way in which activists are challenging the student as consumer model through a series of experiments that blend pedagogy and protest. Specifically, I suggest that Higher Education is increasingly becoming an arena of the postpolitical, and I argue that one of the ways this student-consumer subjectivity is being (re)produced is through a series of ‘depoliticisation machines’ operating within the university. This article goes on to claim that in order to counter this, some of those resisting the neoliberalisation of higher education have been creating political-pedagogical experiments that act as ‘repoliticisation machines’, and that these experiments countered student-consumer subjectification through the creation of new radical forms of subjectivity. This paper provides an example of this activity through the work of a group called the Really Open University and its experiments at blending, protest, pedagogy and propaganda

The Tolman VII solution, trapped null orbits and w - modes

The Tolman VII solution is an exact static spherically symmetric perfect fluid solution of Einstein's equations that exhibits a surprisingly good approximation to a neutron star. We show that this solution exhibits trapped null orbits in a causal region even for a tenuity (total radius to mass ratio) $> 3$. In this region the dynamical part of the potential for axial w - modes dominates over the centrifugal part.Comment: 5 pages revtex. 10 figures png. Further information at http://grtensor.phy.queensu.ca/tolmanvii

Automated dairy cattle lameness detection utilizing the power of artificial intelligence; current status quo and future research opportunities.

Lameness represents a major welfare and health problem for the dairy industry across all farming systems. Visual mobility scoring, although very useful, is labour-intensive and physically demanding, especially in large dairies, often leading to inconsistencies and inadequate uptake of the practice. Technological and computational advancements of artificial intelligence (AI) have led to the development of numerous automated solutions for livestock monitoring. The objective of this study was to review the automated systems using AI algorithms for lameness detection developed to-date. These systems rely on gait analysis using accelerometers, weighing platforms, acoustic analysis, radar sensors and computer vision technology. The lameness features of interest, the AI techniques used to process the data as well as the ground truth of lameness selected in each case are described. Measures of accuracy regarding correct classification of cows as lame or non-lame varied with most systems being able to classify cows with adequate reliability. Most studies used visual mobility scoring as the ground truth for comparison with only a few studies using the presence of specific foot pathologies. Given the capabilities of AI, and the benefits of early treatment of lameness, longitudinal studies to identify gait abnormalities using automated scores related to the early developmental stages of different foot pathologies are required. Farm-specific optimal thresholds for early intervention should then be identified to ameliorate cow health and welfare but also minimise unnecessary inspections

Circulating miRNAs miR-34a and miR-150 associated with colorectal cancer progression

BACKGROUND: Screening for the early detection of colorectal cancer is important to improve patient survival. The aim of this study was to investigate the potential of circulating cell-free miRNAs as biomarkers of CRC, and their efficiency at delineating patients with polyps and benign adenomas from normal and cancer patient groups. METHODS: The expression of 667 miRNAs was assessed in a discovery set of 48 plasma samples comprising normal, polyp, adenoma, and early and advanced cancer samples. Three miRNAs (miR-34a, miR-150, and miR-923) were further examined in a validation cohort of 97 subjects divided into the same five groups, and in an independent public dataset of 40 CRC samples and paired normal tissues. RESULTS: High levels of circulating miR-34a and low miR-150 levels distinguished groups of patients with polyps from those with advanced cancer (AUC = 0.904), and low circulating miR-150 levels separated patients with adenomas from those with advanced cancer (AUC = 0.875). In addition, the altered expression of miR-34a and miR-150 in an independent public dataset of forty CRC samples and paired normal tissues was confirmed. CONCLUSION: We identified two circulating miRNAs capable of distinguishing patient groups with different diseases of the colon from each other, and patients with advanced cancer from benign disease groups. ELECTRONIC SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL: The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12885-015-1327-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users

Chasing ambiguity: critical reflections on working with dance graduates

This paper questions whether are we able to foster uncertainty and ambiguity within higher education arts programmes, specifically alongside current institutional demands and embedded pedagogies. If not, then what effect does this have on current dance graduates? I attend to these questions through critical reflections upon my work as a pedagogue, specifically reflecting upon a series of artistic choreographic projects working in collaboration with recent dance graduates. During these choreographic projects, my interactions with the graduates illuminated their struggle to operate within ambiguous creative spaces outside of institutional environments. This struggle manifest in turbulent working relationships and highlighted perceived contradictions or ‘gaps’ between what creative arts education attempts to teach, how it is taught within the institution, and what graduates demonstrate within professional creative practice. Through a recognition and critique of these ‘gaps’, I question whether it is possible to actively work within these ‘messy’ spaces, to chase the ambiguities present, in order to foster sustainable dance graduates that can work more visibly alongside academics and professionals to shape the current dance landscape

Impact of adverse events, treatment modifications, and dose intensity on survival among patients with advanced renal cell carcinoma treated with first‐line sunitinib: a medical chart review across ten centers in five European countries

Angiogenesis inhibitors have become standard of care for advanced and/or metastatic renal cell carcinoma (RCC), but data on the impact of adverse events (AEs) and treatment modifications associated with these agents are limited. Medical records were abstracted at 10 tertiary oncology centers in Europe for 291 patients ≥18 years old treated with sunitinib as first-line treatment for advanced RCC (no prior systemic treatment for advanced disease). Logistic regression models were estimated to compare dose intensity among patients who did and did not experience AEs during the landmark periods (18, 24, and 30 weeks). Cox proportional hazard models were used to explore the possible relationship of low-dose intensity (defined using thresholds of 0.7, 0.8, and 0.9) and treatment modifications during the landmark periods to survival. 64.4% to 67.9% of patients treated with sunitinib reported at least one AE of any grade, and approximately 10% of patients experienced at least one severe (grade 3 or 4) AE. Patients reporting severe AEs were statistically significantly more likely to have dose intensities below either 0.8 or 0.9. Dose intensity below 0.7 and dose discontinuation during all landmark periods were statistically significantly associated with shorter survival time. This study of advanced RCC patients treated with sunitinib in Europe found a significant relationship between AEs and dose intensity. It also found correlations between dose intensity and shorter survival, and between dose discontinuation and shorter survival. These results confirm the importance of tolerable treatment and maintaining dose intensity