Improved Stroke Detection at Early Stages Using Haar Wavelets and Laplacian Pyramid

Stroke merupakan pembunuh nomor tiga di dunia, namun hanya sedikit metode tentang deteksi dini. Oleh karena itu dibutuhkan metode untuk mendeteksi hal tersebut. Penelitian ini mengusulkan sebuah metode gabungan untuk mendeteksi dua jenis stroke secara simultan. Haar wavelets untuk mendeteksi stroke hemoragik dan Laplacian pyramid untuk mendeteksi stroke iskemik. Tahapan dalam penelitian ini terdiri dari pra proses tahap 1 dan 2, Haar wavelets, Laplacian pyramid, dan perbaikan kualitas citra. Pra proses adalah menghilangkan bagian tulang tengkorak, reduksi derau, perbaikan kontras, dan menghilangkan bagian selain citra otak. Kemudian dilakukan perbaikan citra. Selanjutnya Haar wavelet digunakan untuk ekstraksi daerah hemoragik sedangkan Laplacian pyramid untuk ekstraksi daerah iskemik. Tahapan terakhir adalah menghitung fitur Grey Level Cooccurrence Matrix (GLCM) sebagai fitur untuk proses klasifikasi. Hasil visualisasi diproses lanjut untuk ekstrasi fitur menggunakan GLCM dengan 12 fitur dan kemudian GLCM dengan 4 fitur. Untuk proses klasifikasi digunakan SVM dan KNN, sedangkan pengukuran performa menggunakan akurasi. Jumlah data hemoragik dan iskemik adalah 45 citra yang dibagi menjadi 2 bagian, 28 citra untuk pengujian dan 17 citra untuk pelatihan. Hasil akhir menunjukkan akurasi tertinggi yang dicapai menggunakan SVM adalah 82% dan KNN adalah 88%

Kebijakan Reklame dan Pendapatan Asli Daerah (Implikasi Sodial Ekonomi Kebijakan Otonomi Daerah)

Salah satu indikasi dari kemampuan untuk melaksnakan prinsip otonomi daerah adalah adanya upaya meningkatkan penerimaan Pendapatan Asli Daerah (PAD). Salah satunya dengan diversifikasi jenis dan ekstensifikasi titik pemasangan reklame. APBD yang terus meningkat memberikan dukungan nyata bagi pelaksanaan program pembangunan. Kemampuan daerah untuk membiayai pembangunan dengan dana yang berasal dari Pendapatan Asli Daerah Sendiri (PADS) merupakan ciri keberhasilan tugas daerah dalam melaksanakan otonomi yang dimilikinya, sekaligus memerikan tingkat kemandirian dan kesejahteraan masyarakat

Game Community Construction in Local Communities of Nguwok Village and Sidodowo Village, Modo District, Lamongan Regency, East Java

Dice games in rural communities - traditionally at first a means of entertainment in between free hours after a day of working in fields or rice fields. In the afternoon until the evening, they fill their time to gather with their neighbors and fellow villagers to chat, chat and play together. Even if there are gatherings at death events, weddings and other rituals are always used that opportunity to play dice. However, in the process of changing times and the social conditions of the community, the dice game which was initially an entertainment and satisfying pleasure experienced a change of purpose and ingredients into a gambling game. Then it is known in the game of dice-gambling with the terms players, Bandar, collectors, bettors, Bandar servants, cashiers, and spectators. This study aims to describe and analyze dice game construction in rural communities (Nguwok Village and Sidodowo Village) in ModoSubdistrict, Lamongan Regency in East Java. In this study, qualitative approaches and grounded theory were used as data analysis techniques. Data collection in this study used observation techniques and interviews. The results of this study indicate that in social reality dice games are always in ritual events and entertainment events organized by local people initially as entertainment games that are open for a long time quietly experiencing changes in structure and function and hidden. Manifest [entertaining] in the social structure of the society changes its principal latent function (gambling). Finally, the existence of the game of dice (gambling) is carried out as activities organized by the community and are attached to the crowds and crowds. Such conditions will eventually become a culture of the society that has been difficult to eliminate and even developed in the village head election event and if there is a national and international football game

Analysis of the Midline Impact of Fadama III Agricultural Development Project on Poverty Alleviation among Beneficiaries in Benue State, Nigeria

Assessment of the poverty alleviation among beneficiaries of Fadama III agricultural project was studied at midline of implementation in Benue State, Nigeria. The study focused on determining the average income of project beneficiaries and comparing with non Fadama III households based on their crop, livestock and off-farm activities as well as comparing the quality of life of Fadama users with non-users. A sample size of 314 households in 20 LGAS had a breakdown of 192 Fadama Community Associations (FCA) and 2727 Fadama User Groups (FUGs). Data was collected by ten enumerators deployed to the study area as research assistants using well-structured electronic questionnaires administered via pre-programmed computer templates for the households and community surveys. STATA software was used in cleaning raw data, matching households and community data as well as in analysis of results. The impact of Fadama III on income distribution by a Lawrence curve on income inequality, for the treatment group and the gini coefficient in the Laurence curve was 0.37830 while the concentration coefficient was 0.35921. For non-Fadama group, the non-Fadama III beneficiaries, the gini coefficient in the Laurence curve was 0.25562 while the concentration coefficient was 0.401243. Our current results show that the Fadama III treatment group displayed the lowest gini coefficient and thus confirm the highest impact of the Fadama III project on the income distribution among members of the beneficiary population studied. This study recommends that the Fadama III project should be sustained as a model for promoting poverty alleviation among rural communities in Nigeria

Patterns and outcomes of paediatric trauma at a tertiary teaching hospital in Kenya

Introduction: Trauma continues to be a major cause of morbidity and mortality especially in the paediatric population of low- and middle-income countries such as Kenya. The aim of this study was to establish the profile and outcomes of admitted paediatric trauma cases at the Aga Khan University Hospital, Nairobi. Methods: This retrospective, descriptive study involved a 12-month chart review (January 2016–December 2016). A total of 218 records were identified of which 144 were reviewed. Results: Most injuries were amongst boys (65.3%) and the very young (mean age 6), occurred in private residences (42.4% homes, 25.7% residential institutions), were typically caused by falls (56.3%) or penetrating trauma (13.2%), mostly resulted in extremity fractures (45.8% closed, 4.9% open) and burn or head injuries (in infants and small children), and got very little or no pre-hospital care (51.4% no care). Additionally, children with burns, brain injuries, or poly-trauma had the longest hospital stays and highest rates of mortality. A more detailed description of the patterns and outcomes seen are included in the study. Discussion: Paediatric injuries remain a major public health problem and contribute a substantial proportion of all paediatric surgical admissions at the Aga Khan University Hospital in Nairobi. Based on the patterns and outcomes seen in this study, we therefore recommend for Nairobi (and possibly Kenya) to establish greater supervision and safety measures for children; targeting safety interventions at all children but particularly at boys, the very young, at home and in residential buildings; building pre-hospital emergency care that can accommodate children; and equipping paediatric trauma hospitals to especially handle bony fractures, burns, head injuries, and poly-traumas. A bespoke trauma registry would benefit the hospital, and likely the country as a whole

Additional variability in engineered Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp) exposed to alpha-spin nano particles

Field study was conducted at the Botanical Garden, Federal University of Lafia, between August and October 2017 to investigate the effect of alpha nano spin on nine advanced varieties of cowpea obtained from Institute of Agriculture Research (IAR), Zaria and one local variety from Nasarawa Agricultural Development Program (NADP), Lafia which served as the control. These seeds were exposed to alpha-spin nano-particles at four different periods; 20 mins, 40 mins and 60 mins termed as T1, T2 & T3 respectively while the untreated seeds 0 mins were termed T0 (control). The experimental design was a Randomized Complete Block Design with four replications. Data were collected on agronomic traits, yield components and grain yield, which were subjected to Analysis of Variance and Principal Component Analysis. Laboratory studies were also carried out to determine the pattern of Dry matter accumulation at two weeks interval for six weeks. Results of harvested seeds revealed that Sampea 5, inoculated at 40 mins treatment produced black seeds colour from brown seed colour parent. Results also showed a significant difference among treatments and varieties for mean plant height, the mean number of leaves, mean number of pods and mean pod length. Total dry matter accumulation of leaves, 100 disc leaves and stems over time varied among treatments and varieties. The first three Principal Components (PCs) accounted for 83.1% of the total variation implying their high selection stability. The detailed results are presented and discussed in this paper as a measure of the future selection of useful variants of the improved cowpea for sustainable cowpea production

Managing the Menace of Late Blight Disease of Potato Using Field Resistance in Jos Plateau, Nigeria

Late blight disease caused by Phytophthora infestans is the most destructive of all potato diseases and is recorded as responsible for the famous global famine in the middle of the 19th century in Ireland. It affects leaves, stems and tubers in the field and can absolutely destroy the crop producing up to 100%25 crop loss. Jos Plateau is noted for favourable cultivation of potato which is an economic crop grown in over 250,000 hectares of land area annually. However, this prospect is hindered by the ravaging late blight which has led to colossal losses in the past three years. Reports from current production suggests great loss has already been recorded this year%253B so far about 30%25 of the total harvest is lost due to the severity of the disease. Though farmers attempt to control late blight by spraying fungicides, the use of resistant varieties in combination with other control measures such as proper cultural management and growing potato outside the blight danger period is still the best approach and feasible to small scale farmers. A research was carried out in Kuru (a location in Jos-Plateau well noted for late blight attacks). Sixteen (16) advance varieties and clones from CIP were used to screen for their resistanc

The making of the Kenya sexual offenses act, 2006: Behind the scenes

Kenya’s enactment of the Sexual Offenses Bill in 2006 was a milestone in dealing with sexual offenses and gender-based violence. The bill is Kenya’s first legal recognition of the many sex crimes that occur in the country. Among other things, the law criminalizes deliberate transmission of HIV/AIDS and provides rape victims with free medical care and counseling in public institutions. Convicted rapists will now face a minimum sentence of ten years, while a maximum penalty will be life imprisonment. A retrospective study was conducted to document the process leading to the enactment of the law. The objective was to document the sexual offenses law-making process in Kenya, the influence of different actors, and how these interacted with contextual factors to influence the substantive content of the law as well as its enactment. This book explores the circumstances under which the law was formulated and passed, identifies actors and interest groups involved in the law-making process, explores how the law changed over time, and draws lessons learned that could be of interest to other countries intending to invoke similar actions