Diversité De La Macrofaune Du Sol Dans Les Parcelles De Reboisement De La Grande Muraille Verte Au Sénégal

Objective: To assess the effect of vegetation cover on soil macrofauna, a study focused on the diversity of soil macrofauna inside and outside reforestation plots of the Great Green Wall in Senegal was carried out. Methodology: The sampling of macrofauna was performed according to the method recommended by the TSBF network (Tropical Soil Biology and Fertility). It involves isolating 10 ground plots along a transect of 50 meters chosen at random in each plot and outside of each plot. The macrofauna was sampled between February and July 2016 during the dry season Results: The results show, in order of importance Hymenoptera, Isoptera, Coleoptera, the Spiders, the isopods and springtails are the taxonomic groups of the study area. The density of each of these taxa is larger inside and outside of the plots. The vertical distribution of macrofauna shows that the 0-10 cm layer is more densely populated than the deeper layers. Conclusion: This study showed a low diversity of soil macrofauna in the area. It also shows that the vegetation cover affects the density of the macrofauna

Etude De La Diversite Des Termites (Isoptera) Dans Quelques Localites De La Region De Kolda (Haute Casamance, Senegal)

Termites (Isoptera) are invertebrates that play many ecological functions in terrestrial ecosystems, especially in tropical areas. Their impacts on the quality and the fertility of the soil are well known. However, in Senegal termite fauna is still poorly known. Thus, to contribute to the knowledge of termites of Senegal we have conducted a study on their diversity in the region of Kolda (Casamance). Termites were sampled in transects of 100 m long and 20 m wide. Termite workers, soldiers and some time reproductives are collected in vials filled with ethanol 70°. Thirty (30) termite species have been identified. Five of them are new records for Senegal. The four trophic groups xylophagous, fungus-growing termites, harvester or foraging termites and soil-feeding were represented. The fungusgrowing termites are more diversified. According to the types of nests, termites encountered are divided into 3 groups. The more diversified are those that build ground-nest without fungus

Les attaques des Termites (Isoptera) dans les parcelles de reboisement de la Grande Muraille Verte au Sénégal

Objectif. Pour une meilleur compréhension des interactions entre Termites et ligneux dans les parcelles de reboisement de la Grande Muraille Verts au Sénégal, nous nous sommes intéressé à l’attaques des Termites sur les ligneux.Méthodologie et résultats. Dans chaque parcelle, une superficie d’un hectare a été délimitée. Le nombre d’espèces ligneuses, ainsi que le nombre d’individus de chaque essence attaqués ont été dénombrés. Les espèces de Termites qui les attaquent ont été inventoriées. Cette étude a permis de recenser 15 espèces ligneuses attaquées par 14 espèces de Termites. Les espèces les plus attaquées sont Boscia senegalensis et Balanites aegyptiaca. Les espèces du genre Acacia ne sont attaquées que sur les parties dont l’écorce a été enlevée. Les espèces des genres Psammotermes, Microcerotermes et Odontotermes s’attaquent plus aux ligneux.Conclusion et application des résultats: Cette étude a permis de connaitre d’avantage la diversité des termites et des essences végétales dans les parcelles de reboisement mais aussi les interactions qui existent entre les termites est les essences végétales.Mots Clés: Termites, ligneux, attaques, zone semi-arideEnglish AbstractObjective: To better understand interactions between Termites and ligneous in the plots of reafforestation in the Great Green Wall of Senegal, we are interested in Termites attacks on ligneous.Methodology and results: In each plot a surface of one hectare was delimited. The number of ligneous species as weel as the number of individual of each attacked spicy were counted. The termites species that attack them were made an inventory of this survey has allowed to make an inventory of fifteen ligneous species attacked by fourteen Termites species. The most attacked species are Boscia senegalensis and Balanites aegyptiaca . The species like Acacia are only attacked on the sides the bark of which was abstracted. The species like (such as) Psammotermes, Microcerotermes and Odontotermes attack most on ligneous. Conclusion and Application of results: The study to know the advantage of diversity of termites and plant species in reforestation plots but also the interactions between termites is the plant speciesKeywords: termites, ligneous, attacks, half dry are

Record of New Termite (Blattodea, Termitidae) Species in Togo West Africa

In Africa, despite their economic and ecological importance, termites are still relatively unknown. Their systematic remains uncertain, the approximate number of species for many biogeographic areas is underestimated, and there is still confusion in the identification of the species for many genera. This study combined morphological traits with morphometric measurements to determine several species collected in Togo and provided head illustrations of soldiers. Termites were sampled within the frame of transects laid in several landscapes inside three different parks including: Fosse aux Lions, Galangashie, and Fazao Malfakassa. Samples were grouped by morphospecies and measurements of part of the body (length and/or width of head, mandible, pronotum, gula, and hind tibia) were conducted. Twelve termite species including Foraminitermescorniferus, Lepidotermes sp., Noditermes cristifrons, Noditermes sp. 1 and Noditermes sp. 2, Promirotermes holmgren infera, Promirotermes sp., Unguitermes sp., Amitermes evuncifer, A. guineensis, A. truncatus, and A. spinifer were separated and pictured. Ten new species were added to the check list of the country, including five unidentified ones. Further studies such as biomolecular analysis should be carried out in order to clarify the status of these unknown species

Termites’ diversity in a protected park of the northern Sudanian savanna of Togo (West Africa)

Termites occur in many ecosystems throughout tropical and subtropical areas. Their distribution is driven by several factors, including landscape and some soil characteristics. This study aims to determine soil organic matter’s role on termites’ diversity in a shrubby savanna park. Termites were sampled across transects in 3 sites of Galangashi park (northern part of Togo). The soil in which termites were harvested was analyzed to check organic matter’s influence on termites’ species richness. A total of 28 termite species belonging to 14 genera and 6 subfamilies were identified. Feeding group II (all fungus-growing termites, grass feeders, and wood feeders) was the most important among the three identified groups. Nine species (with two potentially new species for sciences: Amitermes sp and Eremotermes sp) were recorded for the first time in the country. A strong correlation was found between species richness, total organic matter, and total organic carbon, suggesting the influence of soil richness on termite distribution. The occurrence of the unique member of the feeding group I, Coptotermes intermedius Silvestri, 1912, as well as the occurrence of Fulleritermes tenebricus Silvestri, 1914 (both wood-dwelling termites), was certainly due to the vegetation. The relatively higher species richness as well as the correlation between the species richness and the organic matter of shrub savanna, suggest a better conservation of this landscape

Analysis of termite diversity (Blattodea: Isoptera) in the Gourma Province in Eastern Burkina Faso

Termites are insects found in tropical regions where they play a major ecological role. The objective of this study was to inventory termite species present in the Gourma province in eastern Burkina Faso in relation to habitat variations in order to contribute to the conservation of biodiversity. For this purpose, we sampled nine sites from three habitats (savannahs, fields, and fallows), i.e. three sites per habitat, using a standard rapid harvesting method for two weeks in August 2018. From this sampling, we identified 1285 individuals from which 18 termite species, 11 genera and 2 families. Our collections documented five species and one genus (Schedorhinotermes) recorded for the first time in Burkina Faso. The analysis of occurrence indices revealed that Macrotermes bellicosus was a constant savannah species, and Nasutitermes sp. and Schedorhinotermes sp. were accessory species whereas the majority of the species were rare. The Shannon and equitability indices showed that savannah supported a greater richness of termites (sixteen species) and a more equitable distribution of species, likely because savannah was less disturbed compared with crop fields and fallows and was therefore richer in food resources. Statistical analysis of functional groups revealed significant variation in termite in groups II and IV abundance among sampled habitats probably in relation to soil, vegetation, climate and anthropic disturbances. Our study has provided an update to the list of termite species and highlighted the ecological importance of this taxonomic group in Burkina Faso.SCOPUS: ar.jinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishe