Iskandar 'Doktor Keli'

Perkara pertama ditunjukkan 'Hero Hindustan' ini sejurus bersua muka ialah tersenyum dan senyuman meleret berkenaan berlarutan sepanjang pertemuan lebih 3 jam

Matrix metalloproteinase-25 has a functional role in mouse secondary palate development and is a downstream target of TGF-β3

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Development of the secondary palate (SP) is a complex event and abnormalities during SP development can lead to cleft palate, one of the most common birth disorders. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are required for proper SP development, although a functional role for any one MMP in SP development remains unknown. MMP-25 may have a functional role in SP formation as genetic scans of the DNA of human cleft palate patients indicate a common mutation at a region upstream of the MMP-25 gene. We report on the gene expression profile of MMP-25 in the developing mouse SP and identify its functional role in mouse SP development.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>MMP-25 mRNA and protein are found at all SP developmental stages in mice, with the highest expression at embryonic day (E) 13.5. Immunohistochemistry and <it>in situ </it>hybridization localize MMP-25 protein and mRNA, respectively, to the apical palate shelf epithelial cells and apical mesenchyme. MMP-25 knockdown with siRNA in palatal cultures results in a significant decrease in palate shelf fusion and persistence of the medial edge epithelium. MMP-25 mRNA and protein levels significantly decrease when cultured palate shelves are incubated in growth medium with 5 μg/mL of a TGF-β3-neutralizing antibody.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>Our findings indicate: (i) MMP-25 gene expression is highest at E12.5 and E13.5, which corresponds with increasing palate shelf growth downward alongside the tongue; (ii) MMP-25 protein and mRNA expression predominantly localize in the apical epithelium of the palate shelves, but are also found in apical areas of the mesenchyme; (iii) knockdown of MMP-25 mRNA expression impairs palate shelf fusion and results in significant medial edge epithelium remaining in contacted areas; and (iv) bio-neutralization of TGF-β3 significantly decreases MMP-25 gene expression. These data suggest a functional role for MMP-25 in mouse SP development and are the first to identify a role for a single MMP in mouse SP development.</p

Online) An Open Access

ABSTRACT Healthy nutrition especially in female student is so important. This study aimed to assessing the micronutrient intakes in female students with or without overweight and comparing them to the set standard values .This study was carried out on 65 female students in 1393. Anthropometrics measures were performed and 7-day food record was used to collect the dietary. Then were compared to the dietary reference intakes (DRI).Results showed significant differences between normal weight and overweight students in Riboflavin, Niacin, Cobalamin, Vitamin C, Iron, Phosphorus, Zinc and Sodium factors. In contrast to Thiamine, Pyridoxine, Folic Acid, Pantothenate, Vitamin E, Vitamin A, Calcium, Copper, Magnesium, Selenium, Potassium factors no significant differences were observed between the two groups .According to dimension on nutrition and effects on the future health of society in aged, it is also suggested to improve strategies and the competence in this area of nutrition. Keywords: Girls, Micronutrients, Student INTRODUCTION Nowadays food security and food safety are two important and practical terms used in community health developmental documents. Based on the Article 84 in the 4th program of developing country the government is required to make policies in order to provide good food program and to reduce diseases caused by malnutrition and to increase nutritional culture and education in the society. Country studies have shown that nowadays malnutrition caused by nutritional deficiencies is gradually replaced with malnutrition caused by bad diets and eating too much and we can observe its outcomes and consequences in outbreak of disorders and diseases during midlife (Torabi and Abdollahi, 2013). Country studies about the nutrition patterns of the family have shown that food program of the family have a different value in terms of quality and quantity; in terms of quality the food program has major failures while in terms of quantity it is adequate. In other words, from a quality perspective (cell line or the minerals intake required for the body) from each 10 individuals, 5 individuals have shortage, 3 individuals are high consumers and only 2 individuals are at the desired leve

Case 8 : Mentor Mothers: Preventing Mother-To-Child Transmission of HIV/AIDS in Jinja

Jinja district is working hard to prevent mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT) of HIV/AIDS and is using the WHO’S 4-prong approach. Uganda, as a country, has a goal of elimination of mother-to-child transmission (EMTCT) of HIV/AIDS. Jinja district needs to have a rate of mother-to-child transmission below 5% by 2015; the rate in 2014 was 15.7%. The district is facing numerous challenges including infants being lost to follow up, causing Dr. Nantamu (the District Health Officer) to examine alternate approaches such as the Mentor Mothers (m2m) program, to increase participation in the PMTCT services

Hassan 'takluk' bidang logistik

Siapa sangka budak kampung yang zaman kanak-kanaknya gemar memanjat pokok, terjun parit, bermain buah getah dab hanya menpunyai sebuah basikal usang kini memiliki lebih 60 lori kontena yang beroperasi di seluruh tanah air

The effect of Aerobic Training and Cinnamon Zeylanicum Intake on Total Antioxidant Capacity in Active Women

Aims: Imbalance between the production of free radicals and the antioxidant defense system leads to oxidative stress. In addition, plants can reduce stress-induced oxidative damage. In this study we evaluated the effects of aerobic exercise with cinnamon intake on serum oxidative capacity in active women. Materials & Methods: 28 female students of physical education with age range 30-20 years, and the average BMI 22/71 kg/m² were voluntarily selected and randomly divided to 5 groups: 1) aerobic exercise 2) aerobic exercise combined with cinnamon 3) aerobic exercise with placebo 4 ) cinnamon and 5) control group. Intensity aerobic exercise was performed for 6 weeks within 65-80% of maximum heart rate and formula was 220-age. Blood samples were collected at the beginning and end of the study and the significance level was set at (p<0.05). Findings: TAC ( Total Antioxidant Capacity), uric acid and bilirubin in the aerobic exercise group with cinnamon consumption showed no significant difference (p<0.05). Conclusion: Probably sports activities with 65-80% of maximal oxygen consumption intensity more than 6 weeks with the consumption of cinnamon can improve the TAC level in active women

the Feasibility of Developing the Application of rural- Agricultural waste Management in Masal township, Iran

The waste of agricultural products is considered as one of the major problems in Iranian agricultural sector. The present study is a descriptive-survey that focused on exploring correlations and comparison. Data were collected through a research made questionnaires and were analyzed by SPSS. The relationships between dependent and independent variables were analyzed by obtaining the Pearson's correlation coefficient. The statistical population of the study comprised the participants of vermicompost training courses in 2011-12, farmers of Estalkh Zir Village where the vermicompost project was implemented, and facilitators and promoters of the agricultural sector. The results showed that there was a relationship between the dependent (familiarity, the skills and interest rate) and independent variables (agricultural waste management) and that it was confirmed p<0.05) that the impact of the four independent variables was significant on the dependent variable at 0.05 level. As a result, all factors as independent variables are believed to have contributed to waste management. Duncan’s test also indicated that there was a significant difference in terms of waste management among the existing factors, namely interest rate, levels of familiarity and awareness, skills, and support from authorities

Gaze-controlled Mouse

Technology is growing at a rapid rate. Virtually every home owns some sort of personal computer or a smartphone. These devices provide a powerful way to gain knowledge, communicate with other people, and interact with the world. Unfortunately, due to physical disabilities, many people are unable to use the current primary means for interacting with these devices: keyboards, mice, and touchscreens. Furthermore, even for people that can use these input devices, continuous, repetitive use can lead to medical issues such as carpal tunnel syndrome. We propose a solution that is targeted to patients and professionals who are suffering from motor issues such as Parkinson’s disease, Arthritis and carpal tunnel syndrome where the use of hands is difficult or downright impossible.&nbsp; We present our gaze-controlled mouse.&nbsp; This device will be controlled using the patient’s eyes which will eliminate the need of hands. The gaze-controlled mouse will use the pupils to correctly map the mouse cursor on a computer thereby using the patient’s eyes to move the cursor effectively. Additionally, it will use a combination of blinks, dwell time, or other methods to interact with the computer. This will be accomplished by using cameras that will be mounted on the computer with its own image processing processor that capture the eyes and pupils and correctly map the position to the mouse on the computer. &nbsp

Adaptation of the metabolomics profile of rice after Pyricularia oryzae infection

Pyricularia oryzae (P. oryzae), one of the most devastating fungal pathogens, is the cause of blast disease in rice. Infection with a blast fungus induces biological responses in the host plant that lead to its survival through the termination or suppression of pathogen growth, and metabolite compounds play vital roles in plant interactions with a wide variety of other organisms. Numerous studies have indicated that rice has a multi-layered plant immune system that includes pre-developed (e.g., cell wall and phytoanticipins), constitutive and inducible (phytoalexins) defence barriers against stresses. Significant progress towards understanding the basis of the molecular mechanisms underlying the defence responses of rice to P. oryzae has been achieved. Nonetheless, even though the important metabolites in the responses of rice to pathogens have been identified, their exact mechanisms and their contributions to plant immunity against blast fungi have not been elucidated. The purpose of this review is to summarize and discuss recent advances towards the understanding of the integrated metabolite variations in rice after P. oryzae invasion

The Photopic Negative Response: An Objective Measure of Retinal Ganglion Cell Function in Patients With Leber's Hereditary Optic Neuropathy

Purpose: The photopic negative response (PhNR) is a slow negative component of a flash photopic full-field ERG that has been shown to be specific for retinal ganglion cell (RGC) activity. Direct evaluation of RGC function is desirable in patients with Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON) in which the loss of central acuity can make it difficult to monitor patients with standard metrics. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the use of PhNR as an objective noninvasive clinical metric in LHON.Methods: Full-field photopic ERG recordings were collected in subjects with the mt.11778G>A/ND4 LHON mutation using a red on blue stimulus. The PhNR was identified using a computer-based automated detection system, and data were manually examined to remove movement artifacts.Results: The PhNR amplitude was compared between controls (n = 13), carriers (n = 17), and affected (n = 6). Mean PhNR amplitude decreased significantly across groups (P < 0.0001). Post hoc Tukey's test revealed a significant decrease in PhNR amplitude between carriers and controls (P < 0.05) and between carriers and affected (P < 0.01).Conclusions: We are able to demonstrate that the PhNR amplitude is significantly decreased in patients affected by LHON compared to carriers in a well-described pedigree. Surprisingly, there was also a decrease in PhNR in carriers, suggesting potential subclinical RGC dysfunction in some carriers. This is important in patients affected with LHON who typically have a dense central scotoma. The PhNR may be a useful objective outcome measure for future clinical trials