Minimum energy requirements for optium egg production in caged layer houses

Studying the environmental control requirements in poultry laying houses is very important when economy and energy conservation are considered. The objectives of this study were: (1) to investigate the possibility of reducing energy consumption in poultry laying houses, (2) to determine the effect of supplementary heat on winter egg pro-duction, and (3) to study the effect of temperature and relative humid-ity on egg production. An experiment was conducted for six months to study those factors. Special statistical analysis for data was followed. Results of this study indicated that there is no significant effect of daily average temperatures within the range 45-65° F on egg production, and also that the relative humidity, within the range normally encountered, has no significant effect on egg production. A comparison was made between the egg production from two sections of a poultry laying house, one of which was provided with supplementary heat. This comparison indicated that heating may have an adverse effect on egg production. One day lag of temperatures and relative humidities showed a better correlation with egg production than that of the same day

Environmental complexity: A buffer against stress in the domestic chick

Birds kept in commercial production systems can be exposed to multiple stressors from early life and this alters the development of different morphological, immunological and behavioural indicators. We explore the hypothesis that provision of a complex environment during early life, better prepares birds to cope with stressful events as well as buffers them against future unpredictable stressful episodes. In this study, 96 one day old pullets were randomly distributed in eight pens (12 birds/pen). Half of the chicks (N = 48) were assigned to a Complex Environment (CENV: with perches, a dark brooder etc.) the others to a Simple Environment (SENV: without enrichment features). Half of the birds from each of these treatments were assigned to a No Stress (NSTR, 33C) or to an acute Cold Stress (CSTR, 18–20C) treatment during six hours on their second day of life. At four weeks of age, chicks with these four different backgrounds were exposed to an Intermittent Stressful Challenges Protocol (ISCP). In an immunological test indicative of pro-inflammatory status Phytohe-magglutinin-P (PHA-P), the response of CSTR birds was ameliorated by rearing chicks in a CENV as they had a similar response to NSTR chicks and a significantly better pro-inflammatory response than those CSTR birds reared in a SENV (five days after the CSTR treatment was applied). A similar better response when coping with new challenges (the ISCP) was observed in birds reared in a CENV compared to those from a SENV. Birds reared in the CENV had a lower heterophil/lymphocyte ratio after the ISCP than birds reared in SENV, independently of whether or not they had been exposed to CSTR early in life. No effects of stress on general behaviour were detected, however, the provision of a CENV increased resting behaviour, which may have favoured stress recover. Additionally, we found that exposure to cold stress at an early age might have rendered birds more vulnerable to future stressful events. CSTR birds had lower humoral immune responses (sheep red blood cells induced antibodies) after the ISCP and started using elevated structures in the CENV later compared to their NSTR conspecifics. Our study reflects the importance of the early provision of a CENV in commercial conditions to reduce negative stress-related effects. Within the context of the theory of adaptive plasticity, our results suggest that the early experience of the birds had long lasting effects on the modulation of their phenotypes.Fil: Campderrich, Irene. Centro de Investigación. Neiker - Tecnalia; España. Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences; SueciaFil: Nazar, Franco Nicolas. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Físicas y Naturales. Instituto de Ciencias y Tecnología de los Alimentos; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas y Tecnológicas. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales. Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas y Tecnológicas; ArgentinaFil: Wichman, Anette. Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences; SueciaFil: Marin, Raul Hector. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Físicas y Naturales. Instituto de Ciencias y Tecnología de los Alimentos; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas y Tecnológicas. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales. Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas y Tecnológicas; ArgentinaFil: Estevez, Inma. Centro de Investigación. Neiker - Tecnalia; EspañaFil: Keeling, Linda J.. Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences; Sueci

A qualitative study to explore student learning and development of interprofessional collaboration during an online interprofessional education intervention

\ua9 2023, The Author(s).Interprofessional education (IPE) during undergraduate education and training has been found to improve collaboration between health care students. This supports interprofessional working in clinical practice to enhance patient safety and care delivery. Undergraduate students from pharmacy and medical programmes worked online in pairs to review notes of hospital patients due to be discharged. Students were tasked to complete a discharge letter and undertake an online consultation with a simulated patient prior to discharge. Online interactions were recorded and assessed using a validated tool to measure interprofessional professionalism. Students undertook this intervention in different pairings with different patient cases for three iterations after receiving feedback and undertaking a reflective exercise. The aim was to investigate the student learning and development that could be used to inform intervention optimisation and scale-up. Qualitative data were collected from different sources. Method triangulation was employed to develop a comprehensive understanding of the student learning and development. Data was collected from written feedback provided by the assessment team, student reflections on their performance, and from semi-structured interviews conducted with the student pairs and one to one with the assessment team. Content and thematic analysis was used to analyse these data and the Kirkpatrick/Barr evaluation model provided a framework to organise the themes. Eighteen students (nine from each professional programme) completed the study and a total of 27 IPE sessions were conducted. The assessment team completed 54 assessment tools and 31 student reflections were received (from a maximum of 36). Students were interviewed in their interprofessional pairs to yield nine interview transcripts and one interview was conducted with the assessment team. Students reported and were observed to improve in interprofessional collaboration over the three iterations following feedback and rehearsal opportunities. Longitudinal observation and assessment of student interprofessional working in changing teams provided the opportunity to capture the influence of interdependence on student performance and assessment of competence

Studi Tentang Kain Songket di Studio Songket Sumatera Loom Kecamatan Ampek Angkek Kabupaten Agam (Studi Kasus)

Studio Songket Sumatra Loom able to revitalize songket songket-old, and capable of producing quality songket, also has its own characteristic songket, both in terms of yarn, color, pattern and shape of the resulting product. The purpose of this research is to describe the history of songket, yarn types, colors, patterns, and shapes of products in Studio Songket Sumatra Loom. The method used in this research is a case study with a qualitative approach. The technique of collecting data through observation, interviews and documentation. Collecting data using primary and secondary sources. The data analysis is done by using interactive analysis relating to the subject matter that is the data reduction, data display, and conclusion end. Results of the research: History Loom Studio Songket Sumatra, Sumatra leader Loom is Bernhard Bart. Bernhard was interested in the motives and complexity songket making techniques and finally Bernhard decided to open Studio Songket in 2005 which was formerly Erika Rianti, in 2013 the name changed to the name Loom Studio Songket Sumatra. Type of yarn used is silk threads and yarns macau (gold and silver) .warna used yellow gold, silver, red, black, pink, blue, purple, brown, green, orange, and gray. Has 22 motifs that resemble plants, animals, geometric shapes and custom words. The shape of the resulting product is complete the form salendang custom clothing, gloves, belts, sisamping, deta, dalamak and souvenirs in the form of wall hangings

Fattening of mud crab: an approach of aquasilviculture in Andaman Islands

During September - December 2004, mud crab fattening was attempted in tide-fed earthen ponds in Lakshmipur (North Andaman) and Bamboo Tickri (Middle Andaman) with mangroves such as Rhizophora mucronata, R. apiculata and Avicennia marina, covering 60 to 80% of the total pond area. Water crabs of Scylla tranquebarica, S. olivacea and S. serrata, each weighing 500 - 1500 g were stocked in the pond at a density of 0.5 kg/m2 with suitable hideouts to reduce cannibalism. In 30 to 35 days, 85% survival was obtained with 8% weight increment. This paper outlines the measures that may be adopted for practicing aquaculture in mangroves