The role of emotional intelligence in academic performance of male and female students in the University of the Punjab

This study was conducted with a key purpose to examine the significant relationship between emotional intelligence and academic achievement of male and female students in University of the Punjab. Three hundred and forty (340) students were selected, 170 male and 170 female students from the four out of twenty faculties of University of the Punjab randomly. In this study, hypotheses were formulated. t-test was used to analyze the difference between emotional intelligence and academic achievement of male and female students. Regression test was used to check the relation between emotional intelligence and academic achievement of the male and rural students. The results showed that there was significant difference between academic achievement of male and females students and insignificant difference between emotional intelligence of male and female students. There was no significant relationship between emotional intelligence and academic achievement of male and female students in University of the Punjab. Keywords Emotional Intelligence, Academic Achievemen

A Study on Classroom Environment and Learning of the Students at Secondary Level

The purpose of the study to find out the motivational factors in the classroom that affects the learning. The objectives of the present study were To find out motivational factors for student learning in the classroom, the teacher’s role in the classroom environment, the strategies to maintain healthy learning environment in the classroom, role of discipline in maintaining healthy learning environment in the classroom, variation in responses of male and female students for different factors of classroom learning environment questionnaire. The target population is male and female students of different government secondary school of Lahore. Total 5 schools were taken and the sample of the study was 150 students. Furthermore, 30 students were taken from each school. The sample was selected through simple random and cluster sampling. A questionnaire was used as a tool. The data was analyzed on the basis of descriptive statistics under the frequency option, percentages, Mean, Standard deviation and T-test. The study indicated that there is no significance differences exist about perception of discipline in classroom for students and regarding teaching strategies used by teachers on the basis of gender. But students motivational level different in male and females. Keywords: learning, Classroom, Environment, Students

Inquiry into Gendered Teacher-Student Classroom Interactions

teacher–student interactions in the classroom. Moreover, the differencesin frequency of interaction, differences in types of teacher initiatives andresponses towards boys and girls in the classroom were also identified.Total 36 lessons were observed in grade 8th classroom in a local school inGujranwala. Each class lesson was observed for 30 minutes.Observations were coded using the Interactions for Sex Equity inClassroom Teaching (INTERSECT) observational research tool. Thestudy found that boys received more praise from female teachers thanmale teachers. Moreover, both male and female teachers criticize boysmore while male teachers tend to interact more with girls than boys. Thispaper provides guide lines to the curriculum planners to recommendgender neutral teaching techniques for the male and female teachers to bepracticed in mixed gender (coed) classes

Impact of Dietary Counselling to Improve Nutritional Status of Hemodialysis Patients

Proper nutrition may reverse the malnutrition and can modulate renal function in hemodialysis patients. In majority of the dialysis units in Pakistan, nutritional advice is given by health professionals working in dialysis. We compared the impact of dietary counseling by a renal dietitian, on nutritional status with that by health professionals working in dialysis units in patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis. Nutritional assessments were made using subjective global assessment (SGA) scale, which combines assessment of intake, physical findings, and functional status. Two hundred and seventy‑seven patients undergoing hemodialysis from two renal care units in Hayatabad Medical Complex Peshawar and Lahore Gernal Hospital Lahore Pakistan, were enrolled (138 patients in control group, 139 in experimental group). In the experimental group, patients were given repeated dietary counseling by a renal dietician, whereas control group patients were provided with the necessary nutritional information by another health professional. Detailed nutritional, biochemical, and SGA assessment were done on all of them at the beginning and completion of study after 6 months. Patients were categorized as well‑nourished (WN) (SGA = 1–14), mild to moderate malnourishment (MMM) (SGA = 15–35), and severe malnutrition (SM) (SGA = 36–49). In the present study, the overall malnutrition rate at baseline was 95.3%, and it dropped down to 91.7% after 6 months after nutritional counseling. In the experimental group, malnutrition status decreased from 97.2% to 89.8%, whereas in the control group, malnutrition situation remained same. Compared to baseline, in the control group, there was no improvement in the WN group. However, a shift has been observed from MMM group to SM group suggesting more number of patients are becoming malnourished. Contrarily, in the experimental group, an improvement of +7.2% in WN group and +14.3% in MMM group and a drop of −21.6% in severe malnourished group suggesting more number of patients gaining nutrition. The present study observed a significant improvement in nutritional status of patients who received counseling by the renal dietician. The reduction in SGA score was independent of reductions in serum creatinine and blood urea levels Keywords: Dietary Counselling, Nutritional Status, Hemodialysis Patients DOI: 10.7176/JMPB/55-16 Publication date:May 31st 201

The development and validation of a scoring tool to predict the operative duration of elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy

Background: The ability to accurately predict operative duration has the potential to optimise theatre efficiency and utilisation, thus reducing costs and increasing staff and patient satisfaction. With laparoscopic cholecystectomy being one of the most commonly performed procedures worldwide, a tool to predict operative duration could be extremely beneficial to healthcare organisations. Methods: Data collected from the CholeS study on patients undergoing cholecystectomy in UK and Irish hospitals between 04/2014 and 05/2014 were used to study operative duration. A multivariable binary logistic regression model was produced in order to identify significant independent predictors of long (> 90 min) operations. The resulting model was converted to a risk score, which was subsequently validated on second cohort of patients using ROC curves. Results: After exclusions, data were available for 7227 patients in the derivation (CholeS) cohort. The median operative duration was 60 min (interquartile range 45–85), with 17.7% of operations lasting longer than 90 min. Ten factors were found to be significant independent predictors of operative durations > 90 min, including ASA, age, previous surgical admissions, BMI, gallbladder wall thickness and CBD diameter. A risk score was then produced from these factors, and applied to a cohort of 2405 patients from a tertiary centre for external validation. This returned an area under the ROC curve of 0.708 (SE = 0.013, p  90 min increasing more than eightfold from 5.1 to 41.8% in the extremes of the score. Conclusion: The scoring tool produced in this study was found to be significantly predictive of long operative durations on validation in an external cohort. As such, the tool may have the potential to enable organisations to better organise theatre lists and deliver greater efficiencies in care

Street Harassment of Women in Lahore: Experiences, Consequences and Reporting Mechanism

Purpose: Urbanization, Women’s participation in education and work, and the patriarchal structure of Pakistani society are challenging women in urban communities, especially for their mobility. The present study aims to revolve around the experiences, consequences, and reactions of street harassment among young females of Urban Lahore. This study also aims to explore the perceptions of young females about public safety and comfort by exploring the reactions and reporting mechanism of young females to Street Harassment.  Design/Methodology/Approach: The research stance is interpretive consisting of 20 in-depth interviews of females between the ages of 18-35 years from Lahore. The sampling technique was snowball sampling and the data is transcribed and analyzed through thematic analysis. Findings: The major findings of the present research show that the bus stops and terminals are the major places of street harassment and the perpetrators of street harassment come from all walks of life. Young females have social, emotional, and physical consequences of such kind of harassment. There are many social and cultural barriers, including patriarchal society and its socialization patterns, blaming the victims and considering it a harmless act which stops women to report it legally but they started to talk about it, especially in informal settings. Implications/Originality/Value: Women need to have some support from their families and even from the passers in dealing with public or street harassment by not considering it a harmless act.                                                   &nbsp

Lovemarks and beyond: Examining the link between lovemarks and brand loyalty through customer advocacy in the automobile industry.

PurposeDespite the potential for businesses, our understanding of lovemark brands and their consequences is limited. Numerous psychological and brand-related consequences are linked to lovemarks, but the role of influential underlining mechanisms is not fully understood. Inspired by the norms of reciprocity theory, the current study investigates the underlining role of customer advocacy in the relationship between perceived lovemarks and brand loyalty of customers in the automobile industry.MethodologyBy adopting the survey method, a sample of 478 was drawn from Pakistani automobile customers. Structural equation modelling was used for the analysis. We conceptualised lovemarks and brand loyalty as reflective higher-order constructs that we analysed through a two-stage disjoint analysis.FindingsOur results support the conceptualization of lovemarks and brand loyalty as higher-order constructs. The influence of lovemarks and customer advocacy on brand loyalty was statistically significant when we controlled for age, gender, and income. Our findings also reveal that customer advocacy, seen as a company's positive interactions, mediates and play a key role in influencing the relationship between lovemarks and brand loyalty.OriginalityThis is among the first studies to examine the role of customer advocacy in the lovemarks-brand loyalty relationship. We examined these relationships in the automobile sector of Pakistan, which offers several theoretical and managerial implications for academia and practitioners. The implications are proposed and outlined in this study

The apprehension of English teachers regarding Single National Curriculum (SNC) of English at Primary level in Multan region: A quantitative study

The government of Pakistan has introduced a Single National Curriculum (SNC) to be followed by all public and private schools nationwide. Private schools must obtain government certificates for their chosen textbooks and use only approved books. Madrassas are also required to adhere to the same textbooks and curriculum as prescribed by the government. In Punjab, training sessions for teachers in both public and private schools have been initiated to ensure effective implementation and desired outcomes. This study aimed to explore English teachers' perceptions of the SNC and its impact on students' and teachers' progress at the primary level, while also unveiling socio-economic disparities within Pakistan's education system. A questionnaire was developed and administered to respondents from primary and high schools in Multan, selected through convenient purposive sampling. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS software, with strict adherence to research ethics to maintain respondent anonymity. The findings indicated that the SNC has enhanced students' reading and speaking skills, as well as contributed to reducing socio-economic disparities within Pakistan's education system. The SNC ensures equal opportunities for quality education for students across the country, regardless of whether they attend public or private schools. Additionally, the SNC has raised educational standards in madrassas by requiring them to follow the government-prescribed curriculum. Furthermore, the SNC has introduced new dimensions and strategies in teaching the English language, aligning with international teaching trends