Socialinės įmonių atsakomybės iniciatyvos kaip inovacijų šaltiniai

Straipsnyje nagrinėjama inovacijų svarba įmonių konkurencingumui. Inovacija versle suprantama kaip plati, nuolatinė ir sisteminga įmonės vykdoma veikla. Įvairių rūšių inovacijų diegimas atveria naujų galimybių įmonėms ir didina jų konkurencingumą globalioje rinkoje. Pabrėžiant įvairių rūšių inovacijų diegimo svarbą, nagrinėjamos socialiai atsakingos iniciatyvos kaip inovacijų šaltiniai, apžvelgiama, kaip socialiai atsakingos iniciatyvos įgyvendinamos Lietuvos įmonėse. Socialiai atsakingos inovacijos jau diegiamos Lietuvos įmonėse, bet sklandesnei įmonių socialinės atsakomybės inovacijų sklaidai reikalingas didesnis verslininkų dėmesys ir kompetencija. Ištyrę nagrinėjamą socialiai atsakingų iniciatyvų kaip inovacijų šaltinių klausimą autoriai nustatė, kad veikli socialiai atsakingų iniciatyvų plėtra teigiamai veikia verslo novatoriškumą ir didina įmonių konkurencingumą globalioje ekonomikoje

The Implementation of Social Responsiveness Initiatives: Case of Lithuania

A concept of social responsibility reflects public concerns and issues for a specific time, and these change with time. Various stakeholders as consumers, customers, employees, trade unions, communities, non-governmental organizations, foundations, donors, investors are more and more interested in the activities of companies (organizations), and influence on them in a variety of ways. Companies, for their part, also look for ways to meet the expectations of the public in the area of social responsibility. Corporate social responsiveness is an ability of business to respond to social pressure. The article analyzes the implementation of social responsiveness initiatives as organizational programs. Social responsiveness is understood as action dimension of corporate social responsibility. The paper deals with implementation of social responsiveness initiatives in Lithuania. Researched the socially responsiveness initiatives as organizational programs, the authors found that an active development of corporate social responsiveness positively influences on businesses and society relationship and contribute to sustainable development of region or country

MACRO DYNAMICS OF THE REAL ESTATE MARKET VALUE: TEMPORAL EFFECTS

The aim of this research is to establish a methodological background for understating the real estate macro dynamics and the role played by architecture in explaining the real estate market value fluctuations. Although various models of the housing market fluctuations have been developed, the fundamental question of what drives the real estate market value is still peculiarly neglected. Housing market value fluctuations can be largely explained by macroeconomic fundamentals, housing market indicators as well as the social, political and cultural situation. After assessing these fundamentals of the real estate market value, other factors may be added such as short-term dynamics and irrational factors, contributing to an instantaneous unpredictability of the real estate market. Nowadays there is a belief in society that housing is an investment opportunity. An assumption can be made about the speculative and irrational nature of the housing market, having impact on the real estate market value. Comparing the housing market to the stock market, the housing market has much higher cost of carry and complicated administration to it; and therefore, the real estate market is highly inefficient. Because of the irrational nature of human behavior, similarly to stock prices, the housing market is driven by expectations. The originality of this research lies in the fact that irrationality of human behavior suggests looking at other sciences, with architecture being a tool to bring those irrationalities into the real estate market. Given that behavioral economics accounts for a significant part of irrationality of market behavior, the hypothesis can be ventured that architecture, as a human interaction in the process, can have its own causal role in fixing real estate market value

Theoretical Investigation of Trust in Small and Medium Sized Enterprises

The hectic pace of competition pushes the sector of small and medium enterprise to adopt sophisticated marketing ideas. In this context, customers are becoming more and more selective. However, expansion possibilities are burdened by the great variety of limitations. The current study paper aims to investigate the academic perception of trust which is treated as competitive advantage for small and medium enterprises. The object of the article is trust in small and medium enterprises. It has three objectives: to analyse small and medium enterprise characteristics through the academic perspective; to consider trust from the theoretical point of view; and to present the models that centre their attention on the trust as a construct that enhances customer satisfaction. Regarding the novelty of the current study, it brings a novel approach on a great variety of collected understandings of trust and puts an important foundation for future theory and practice investigations

Methodological Problems and Limitations of Competitiveness Evaluation

The concept of competitiveness describes the relative, or comparative, position (economic, social, technological, etc.) of a company, industry, region, country or a group of countries with regard to other business firms, industries, countries, and groups of countries. According to Ivanov (2008), first of all, competitiveness is a complex economic phenomenon which has at least 3 levels: macro- (national economy), mezo- (regional economy, industry), and micro- (company economy). Each of the aforementioned levels has its own specifics and unique indicators that are to be applied in the process of competitiveness evaluation. It must be emphasized that the evaluation of competitiveness is economically relevant for a number of reasons: first, it is a process which enables to identify all the strengths and weaknesses of a national economy, striving for balanced and sustainable economic growth; second, the evaluation of competitiveness provides the basis for the creation of efficient economic stimulation instruments, as it identifies the competitive advantages of goods and services, and enables to forecast their ability to compete with analogical goods and services in local and foreign markets. Various competitiveness evaluation methods, which differ in terms of scope and application aim, have an essential common feature – they enable to define the relative position of an object with regard to other analogical objects by the use of various evaluation criteria and competitiveness indicators. The main evaluation problems that arise at the theoretical, or methodological, level are: the absence of a definite, clear, and solid concept of competitiveness; and the limitations caused by various evaluation methods. Practical problems are associated with limited resources, and the quality of (as well as the access to) relevant information, used in the process of competitiveness evaluation

Changes in the Visegrad Group Economies in Light of the Misery Index

CC BY-NC-ND 4.0The economic performance of countries depends on the stages of the business cycle and changes due to various factors and influences. While the economic crisis of 2008 was triggered by financial factors, the crisis of 2020 was caused by factors of a non-economic nature – the COVID-19 pandemic. The purpose of this paper is to assess changes in the performance and level of economic activity in the Visegrad Group economies in 2009, 2019 and 2020. This assessment is performed using GDP per capita, magic square and the misery index. In 2009, the best performing country was the Czech Republic and the worst was Hungary. In 2019 and 2020, Poland reached a performance level similar to the Czech Republic, and Slovakia performed the worst

Turizmo bendrovių organizacinių struktūrų kaitos priežastys bei pasekmės

Changes and alterations in organizational structures of tourism companies have a vital influence on their competitive position in tourism market. Only those companies and industries (tourism industry is no exception) that continuously look for new business opportunities and skilfully apply them are capable of maintaining their competitiveness in the global economy. All the more, companies must react to changes in economic environment and evaluate tendencies of tourism representation forms. Thus, the purpose of this study is to investigate changes in organizational structures of tourism companies, defining their reasons and consequences. In order to achieve the purpose, the following scientific methods are applied in the study: analysis of economic literature, logical and comparative analysis of economic phenomena, graphic methods and their generalization. It can be deduced that new types of organizational business structures are to be considered one of important innovations, helpful in gaining and maintaining competitiveness in the global tourism markets. Global unions of businesses (networks), strategic alliances (unions) integrate various business activities that are dispersed in the global economic space. These activities make a united precisely functioning complex, which is one of the most important consequences of changes in organizational structures of tourism companies

Determinants of shadow economy in Eastern European countries

In this article the relationship between shadow economy and its’ determinants has been examined. Ten Eastern countries from European Union were chosen due to specific particularities, which may cause higher shadow economy levels in the investigated countries compared with the EU average. Time span of 2003-2016 was selected, as 2017 data has yet to be released at the time of the analysis. Article consists of examination of the current situation and shadow economy trends in Eastern European countries; overview of shadow economy scientific literature followed by hypothesis, which are examined by constructing regression models. Models aim to distinguish the relationship between selected determinants and shadow economy size. Scientific literature analysis revealed that increase of tax burden on labor is seen as a primary reason for the increase of shadow economy, however, such relation has not been identified. Furthermore, results show that unemployment and self-employed people ratio affect shadow economy insignificantly. This suggests that further analysis is needed. Nonetheless, regression model has not rejected the hypotheses of corruption level, income inequality, business freedom and GDP per capita effect on shadow economy. Thus, it can be stated that these variables are determinants of shadow economy in Eastern European countries