8 research outputs found
Tandem Assessment of Spoofing Countermeasures and Automatic Speaker Verification: Fundamentals
Recent years have seen growing efforts to develop spoofing countermeasures
(CMs) to protect automatic speaker verification (ASV) systems from being
deceived by manipulated or artificial inputs. The reliability of spoofing CMs
is typically gauged using the equal error rate (EER) metric. The primitive EER
fails to reflect application requirements and the impact of spoofing and CMs
upon ASV and its use as a primary metric in traditional ASV research has long
been abandoned in favour of risk-based approaches to assessment. This paper
presents several new extensions to the tandem detection cost function (t-DCF),
a recent risk-based approach to assess the reliability of spoofing CMs deployed
in tandem with an ASV system. Extensions include a simplified version of the
t-DCF with fewer parameters, an analysis of a special case for a fixed ASV
system, simulations which give original insights into its interpretation and
new analyses using the ASVspoof 2019 database. It is hoped that adoption of the
t-DCF for the CM assessment will help to foster closer collaboration between
the anti-spoofing and ASV research communities.Comment: Published in IEEE/ACM Transactions on Audio, Speech, and Language
Processing (doi updated
The I4U Mega Fusion and Collaboration for NIST Speaker Recognition Evaluation 2016
The 2016 speaker recognition evaluation (SRE'16) is the latest edition in the series of benchmarking events conducted by the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST). I4U is a joint entry to SRE'16 as the result from the collaboration and active exchange of information among researchers from sixteen Institutes and Universities across 4 continents. The joint submission and several of its 32 sub-systems were among top-performing systems. A lot of efforts have been devoted to two major challenges, namely, unlabeled training data and dataset shift from Switchboard-Mixer to the new Call My Net dataset. This paper summarizes the lessons learned, presents our shared view from the sixteen research groups on recent advances, major paradigm shift, and common tool chain used in speaker recognition as we have witnessed in SRE'16. More importantly, we look into the intriguing question of fusing a large ensemble of sub-systems and the potential benefit of large-scale collaboration.Peer reviewe
Effects of isoniazid (inh) on the oogenesis of mice.
Mutagenic damages in female germ, cells of mice have been tested with the dominant, lethal assay and the cytogenetic analysis of unfertilized M II-oocytes. Concluding one can say that from the experimental data presented here do not show any mutagenic effect of INH on oogenesis of different strains of mice can be stated