Ideals and principles of common wellbeing under social and humanistic paradigm

We attempt to specify ideals and principles of common wellbeing: saving economy, political attendance, full employment, education, equitable distribution. As a part of the study we have formulated the concept of so-called "other" society under the social-humanistic paradigm. As it was mentioned earlier, social systems can be described as open-end ones, which implies their constant interaction with environment expressed via matter, energy, and information exchange. Because of that, the functional and developmental regulations are characterized by the presence of constant alteration as well, which stipulates the high complexity of structuring valid prognoses. Subject vs. object feedback determines special peculiarities of social prognosis, namely, the ones that are capable of either self-fulfillment of self-destruction of prognostic model. In other words, the predicted future influences the actual future. In the conditions of the increasing instability and dynamics of social processes especially urgent is the problem of adequacy of innovative model. The specific feature of modern innovative processes is the fact that any information about the features of their occurrence is extremely fast becoming obsolete that, in turn, leads to the increase the gap between reality and model

Ribosomal DNA Abundance in the Patient’s Genome as a Feasible Marker in Differential Diagnostics of Autism and Childhood-Onset Schizophrenia

Introduction: Differential diagnostics of early-onset schizophrenia and autism spectrum disorders (ASD) are a problem of child psychiatry. The prognosis and relevant treatment are to a large degree determined by the correctness of diagnosis. We found earlier that leucocyte DNA of adult schizophrenia patients contained significantly larger copy numbers of ribosomal repeats (rDNA) coding for rRNA, than DNA of mentally healthy controls. Aim: To compare the contents of ribosomal repeats in the leucocyte DNA of children with schizophrenia, children with ASD, and healthy age-matched controls to estimate the possibility of using this genetic trait in the differential diagnostics of the two types of disorders. Patients and methods: Blood samples of patients with infantile autism (A—F84.0 according to ICD-10, N = 75) and with childhood-onset schizophrenia (SZ—F20.8 according to ICD-10, N = 43) were obtained from the Child Psychiatry Department of the Mental Health Research Center. The healthy control blood samples (HC, N = 86) were taken from the Research Centre for Medical Genetics collection. The recruitment of cases was based on the clinical psychopathologic approach. DNA was extracted from blood leukocytes with organic solvents. Nonradioactive quantitative hybridization technique was applied for determining the abundance of ribosomal repeats in the genomes. Statistical processing was performed using StatPlus, Statgraphics and MedCalc. Findings: DNA derived from SZ cases contained 565 ± 163 rDNA copies, which is significantly (p < 10−6) higher than the rDNA content in ASD cases (405 ± 109 copies) and controls (403 ± 86 copies). The HC and A groups did not differ by rDNA copy number (p > 0.4). The genetic trait “rDNA copy number in patient’s genome” can potentially be applied as an additional marker in differential diagnostics of childhood-onset schizophrenia and autism spectrum disorders