The willingness of teachers to use modern educational technologies in educational process

Among the most significant trends in the development of vocational education, introduction and use of educational technologies can be distinguished. Since the main goal of higher schools is to prepare a competent competitive specialist, they search for the most suitable methods that contribute to rapid achievement of results. The use of technologies by educational institutions is explained by their advantage over other methods of developing professional competence. Due to implementation of a certain algorithm of actions, they allow you to achieve guaranteed results in a timely manner. The purpose of the article is to form future teachers ' the level of competency development, reflecting students’ willingness to adapt, adjust and use educational technologies in professional teaching activities. To do this, we checked the level of motivation of future teachers, the level of knowledge of the theoretical foundations of educational technologies, their design and implementation in professional and pedagogical activities, and the level of formation of the ability to reflect. The development of competencies reflecting the student’s readiness to adapt, adjust and use educational technologies in professional pedagogical activity was carried out in a certain logical sequence, so that the student possessed versatile knowledge about educational technologies, was capable of their systematic creative application and his reflective activity was associated with self-actualization and striving for the implementation of constructive professional activities. The development process was carried out in the course of students solving research and design problems. Research activity was carried out by students in the study of the course “Pedagogical technologies”, fundamental for future teachers of vocational training. The implementation of the projects was carried out during the development of the course "Project Activities of a Professional Education Teacher"

Роль компонентов микробиоты в модификации иммунного ответа при отдельных вариантах течения хронической обструктивной болезни легких

Background. According to the World Health Organization, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in the world. COPD with frequent exacerbations is a most challenging variant of the disease. Currently it is not clear how respiratory microbiota can modify the immune response in this disease.Aim. To establish the role of bacterial oligonucleotides in modification of the immune response in patients with COPD.Materials and мethods. In accordance with the protocol of the study, 10 patients with stable COPD with frequent exacerbations and 10 patients without frequent exacerbations were included. Immature dendritic cells were obtained by culturing the monocyte fraction of the peripheral blood of patients with COPD. The cells were stimulated by addition of bacterial lipopolysaccharide and small oligodeoxynucleotides (CpG-ODN) of A or B classes. Then the immunophenotypical profile of the obtained cells was determined by flow-cytometry with the use of monoclonal antibodies to antigens CD40, CD83, CD86. To determine the antigen-presenting properties, these dendritic cells were cultivated with CD4+, and then the phenotypic profile of the obtained T-lymphocytes was evaluated by using antibodies to CD4, CD25, CD127, and CD45RO.Results. Cultivation of stimulated dendritic cells by СpG-ODN of A class with T-cells in COPD patients without exacerbations leads to an increase of the amount of lymphocytes of CD25+CD45RO phenotype (15% increase after stimulation), in contrast to the group of patients with frequent exacerbations of COPD (p = 0,018). It may indicate inadequate control of persistent inflammation, mediated by CD25+CD45RO pool of cells in the group of COPD patients with frequent exacerbations.Conclusion. This study demonstrated the presence of discoordination of the immune response of a bidirectional nature in patients with COPD with frequent and infrequent exacerbations. По данным Всемирной организации здравоохранения, хроническая обструктивная болезнь легких (ХОБЛ) является одной из ведущих причин заболеваемости и смертности в мире. Неблагоприятным вариантом течения болезни, с точки зрения прогноза, является ХОБЛ с частыми обострениями. В настоящее время недостаточно изучен вклад компонентов микробиоты на изменение иммунного ответа при данной болезни.Цель работы. Установить роль компонентов бактерий – бактериальных олигонуклеотидов в модификации иммунного ответа при ХОБЛ.Материал и методы. В соответствии с протоколом в исследование включены 10 пациентов со стабильной ХОБЛ с частыми обострениями и 10 пациентов без частых обострений. Незрелые дендритные клетки, полученные при культивировании моноцитарной фракции периферической крови больных ХОБЛ, стимулировали путем добавления бактериального липополисахарида, а также малых олигодеоксинуклеотидов (ODN) с неметилированными CpG (CpG-ODN) классов А или В, после чего определяли иммунофенотипический профиль полученных клеток методом проточной цитофлуориметрии с использованием моноклональных антител к антигенам CD40, CD83, CD86. Для определения антиген-представляющих свойств полученных дендритных клеток их сокультивировали с CD4+, после чего оценивали фенотипический профиль полученных Т-лимфоцитов с использованием антител к CD4, CD25, CD127 и CD45RO.Результаты. Сокультивирование стимулированных СpG-ODN класса А-дендритных клеток с Т-клетками у больных ХОБЛ без обострений приводит к увеличению содержания лимфоцитов с фенотипом CD25+CD45RO- на 15% после стимуляции в отличие от группы пациентов с частыми обострениями ХОБЛ (р = 0,018). Это может свидетельствовать о недостаточном контроле над персистирующим воспалением, опосредованным CD25+CD45RO-пулом клеток, в группе больных ХОБЛ с частыми обострениями.Выводы и заключение. Проведенное исследование продемонстрировало наличие дискоординации иммунного ответа разнонаправленного характера при ХОБЛ с частыми и редкими обострениями, что может быть основой развития варианта течения ХОБЛ с частыми обострениями.

Morphology and biomechanics of human heart

Object of study: A study of the biomechanical characteristics of the human heart ventricles was performed. 80 hearts were extracted during autopsy of 80 corpses of adults (40 women and 40 men) aged 31-70 years. The samples were investigated in compliance with the recommendations of the ethics committee. Methods: Tension and compression tests were performed with help of the uniaxial testing machine Instron 5944. Cardiometry was also performed. Results: In this work, techniques for human heart ventricle wall biomechanical properties estimation were developed. Regularities of age and gender variability in deformative and strength properties of the right and left ventricle walls were found. These properties were characterized by a smooth growth of myocardial tissue stiffness and resistivity at a relatively low strain against reduction in their strength and elasticity from 31-40 to 61-70 years. It was found that tissue of the left ventricle at 61-70 years had a lower stretchability and strength compared with tissues of the right ventricle and septum. These data expands understanding of the morphological organization of the heart ventricles, which is very important for the development of personalized medicine. Taking into account individual, age and gender differences of the heart ventricle tissue biomechanical characteristics allows to rationally choosing the type of patching materials during reconstructive operations on heart

Analysis of the Aging Processes of Writing Ink: Raman Spectroscopy versus Gas Chromatography Aspects

This work is devoted to the extremely popular but poorly developed scientific and forensic problem of the estimation of the actual dates of inscriptions placed on paper and made by ballpoint pens. It is shown that the degradation of writing inks with time may be controlled via Raman spectroscopy and gas chromatography. The time intervals for the implementation of each of these methods were determined using the ratios of the Raman peak intensities as degradation characteristics rather than their absolute values. In turn, this eliminates the effect of the concentration of a dye. The mutual influence of the volatile components and dyes of writing inks was also investigated and the time interval within which such influence is critical was found. According to the obtained results, a new methodological scheme for determining the age of documents, which were created at least 40 months ago, was proposed

The role of the microbiota components in modification of the immune response in some cases of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Background. According to the World Health Organization, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in the world. COPD with frequent exacerbations is a most challenging variant of the disease. Currently it is not clear how respiratory microbiota can modify the immune response in this disease.Aim. To establish the role of bacterial oligonucleotides in modification of the immune response in patients with COPD.Materials and мethods. In accordance with the protocol of the study, 10 patients with stable COPD with frequent exacerbations and 10 patients without frequent exacerbations were included. Immature dendritic cells were obtained by culturing the monocyte fraction of the peripheral blood of patients with COPD. The cells were stimulated by addition of bacterial lipopolysaccharide and small oligodeoxynucleotides (CpG-ODN) of A or B classes. Then the immunophenotypical profile of the obtained cells was determined by flow-cytometry with the use of monoclonal antibodies to antigens CD40, CD83, CD86. To determine the antigen-presenting properties, these dendritic cells were cultivated with CD4+, and then the phenotypic profile of the obtained T-lymphocytes was evaluated by using antibodies to CD4, CD25, CD127, and CD45RO.Results. Cultivation of stimulated dendritic cells by СpG-ODN of A class with T-cells in COPD patients without exacerbations leads to an increase of the amount of lymphocytes of CD25+CD45RO phenotype (15% increase after stimulation), in contrast to the group of patients with frequent exacerbations of COPD (p = 0,018). It may indicate inadequate control of persistent inflammation, mediated by CD25+CD45RO pool of cells in the group of COPD patients with frequent exacerbations.Conclusion. This study demonstrated the presence of discoordination of the immune response of a bidirectional nature in patients with COPD with frequent and infrequent exacerbations

Physicochemical and photosorption properties of oxygen-containing calcium compounds – components of troposferic aerosol

The Importance of this Paper is Determined by the Research of Conditions of Photosorption Processes Occurance on the Surface of Aerosol Particles Resulting in the Removal of Toxic Substances from the Atmosphere. Acid-Base Properties of Oxygen-Containing Calcium Compounds being Components of Troposphere Aerosol Particles were Studied by Methods of Ph-Metry and Hammet’s Indicators. the Basic Properties of the Investigated Compounds Surfaces are Predominant Ones: рНiis of Calcium Oxide and Hydroxide has a Value of 9.3 – 9.5, and that for Carbonate and Calcite Equals to 12.3-12.4. Indicator Method Distinguishes Three Areas of Spectrum Corresponding to Lewis Base, and Brensted Neutral and Basic Centers. the Intencity of Peaks is much Higher for Ca(OH)2 and CaO. the Interaction Process of Halogen-Containing Organic Compounds (Freons: 134a, 22 and 12) with Calcium Carbonate Surface under Illumination in Conditions close to Tropospheric Conditions was Studied. it is Shown that the Interaction is the Destructive Photosorption of Freons (134a or 22). the Spectral Dependence of Effective Quantum Yield of Destructive Photosorption is Determined. as a Result of the Interaction Calcium Fluoride and Calcium Chloride are Formed at the Surface.</jats:p

Задачи судебно-технической экспертизы документов для определения давности их изготовления

The article discusses the problems of forensic-technical expertise by determination of hand-written signatures (records). The main techniques of such examination are described, as well as the problems, which experts face. Here the questions of qualification of experts are raised and recommendations about the choice and appointment of an expert are made. The article provides references to scientific materials in the Russian and foreign scientific sources and also gives examples of the current legislation and jurisprudence of arbitration courts of the Russian FederationВ статье рассматриваются проблемы судебно-технической экспертизы по определению рукописных подписей (надписей). Описаны основные методики проведения такой экспертизы, а также проблемы, с которыми сталкиваются специалисты. Подняты вопросы квалификации экспертов и даны рекомендации по выбору экспертного учреждения и эксперта. В статье приведены ссылки на научные материалы в российских и зарубежных изданиях, а также примеры действующего законодательства и судебной практики арбитражных судов Российской Федераци

Patient-specific modeling of human cardiovascular system elements

Object of study: The research is aimed at development of personalized medical treatment. Algorithm was developed for patient-specific surgical interventions of the cardiovascular system pathologies. Methods: Geometrical models of the biological objects and initial and boundary conditions were realized by medical diagnostic data of the specific patient. Mechanical and histomorphological parameters were obtained with the help mechanical experiments on universal testing machine. Computer modeling of the studied processes was conducted with the help of the finite element method. Results: Results of the numerical simulation allowed evaluating the physiological processes in the studied object in normal state, in presence of different pathologies and after different types of surgical procedures