The role of prayer discourse for karaganda concentration camp image creation in the works of Tatar writer Ayaz Gilyazov and the Kazakh poet Halim Zhaylybay

The article provides the comparative analysis of the novel-reminiscence by Tatar writer Ajaz Giljazov "Let's pray!" with the poem "The Black Headscarf" by Galim Zhajlybaev. The role of prayer discourse is determined to reveal the theme of Gulag. The analysis is conditioned by the whole complex of content elements from the texts of various genres - their themes, problems, conflict and an ideological sense. In the course of the comparison, not only similar features were found in the development of KARLAG (Karaganda labor camp) topic, but also the differences, which are conditioned by the specifics of the author's consciousness and the architectonics of the semantic and value horizons corresponding to two national literatures. Proceeding from the religious nature of the prayer genre, writers orient their artistic texts to a sacred word. Genre self-consciousness determines the speech characteristics of a literary prayer. A. Giljazov focuses on the canon of the Muslim Doga (a prayer) canon and the Koranic tradition, G. Zhajlybaev focuses on the requiem supported by the Turkic Syktaw (crying). Works are turned into a textprayer for the sake of future generations, so that the horrors of the Stalin camp will not happen again

The acid-base properties and the complexation of tributyl [aminotris(methylenephosphonic acid)] in aqueous solution

© 2016 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.The acid-base and complexing properties of tributyl [aminotris(methylenephosphonic acid)] (H3L) with divalent metals were investigated in aqueous solution via the potentiometric titration method. The formation of 1:1 species partially protonated [MH2L] and totally deprotonated [ML−] as well as hydroxo species [M(OH)L2−] has been established

ANALYSIS OF NOISE-INDUCED PHENOMENA IN RULKOV MODEL

We study the nonlinear discrete Rulkov neuron model under the influence of random disturbances. We show that an increase of the noise intensity results in the noise-induced transitions from the quiescence and the tonic spiking regimes to the bursting one. The stochastic sensitivity functions technique and the confidence ellipses method are used for the analysis of these phenomena. The threshold values of the noise intensity are estimated by these techniques

STOCHASTIC EXCITABILITY AND TRANSITION TO CHAOS IN A DISCRETE NEURAL MODEL

We study the phenomena of excitability and transition to chaotic oscillations in neuronal activity. We use the two-dimensional discrete model of Rulkov to describe these phenomena. Method of direct numerical simulation and stochastic sensitivity function technique are used to analyze the transition from order to chaos.Работа выполнена за счет гранта Российского научного фонда (проект № 16-11-10098)

Genetic Biomarkers of Antipsychotic-Induced Prolongation of the QT Interval in Patients with Schizophrenia.

Antipsychotics (AP) induced prolongation of the QT interval in patients with schizophrenia (Sch) is an actual interdisciplinary problem as it increases the risk of sudden death syndrome. Long QT syndrome (LQTS) as a cardiac adverse drug reaction is a multifactorial symptomatic disorder, the development of which is influenced by modifying factors (APs' dose, duration of APs therapy, APs polytherapy, and monotherapy, etc.) and non-modifying factors (genetic predisposition, gender, age, etc.). The genetic predisposition to AP-induced LQTS may be due to several causes, including causal mutations in the genes responsible for monoheme forms of LQTS, single nucleotide variants (SNVs) of the candidate genes encoding voltage-dependent ion channels expressed both in the brain and in the heart, and SNVs of candidate genes encoding key enzymes of APs metabolism. This narrative review summarizes the results of genetic studies on AP-induced LQTS and proposes a new personalized approach to assessing the risk of its development (low, moderate, high). We recommend implementation in protocols of primary diagnosis of AP-induced LQTS and medication dispensary additional observations of the risk category of patients receiving APs, deoxyribonucleic acid profiling, regular electrocardiogram monitoring, and regular therapeutic drug monitoring of the blood APs levels

Comparative analysis of external noise exposure in university educational auditories.

This article conducted a hygienic assessment of the noise level in the classrooms of the medical university. According to the measurement data, the maximum permissible level of the remote control was established, as well as the equivalent noise level. Recommendations for reducing the noise level in educational premises are given.В статье проведена гигиеническая оценка уровня шума в учебных аудиториях медицинского университета. По данным измерений установлены превышения ПДУ как по максимальному уровню, так и по эквивалентному уровню шума. Даны рекомендации по снижению уровня шума в учебных помещениях

Canine leishmaniosis and its relationship to human visceral leishmaniasis in Eastern Uzbekistan

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>The Namangan Region in the Pap District, located in Eastern Uzbekistan is the main focus of visceral leishmaniasis (VL) in Uzbekistan. In total, 28 cases of human VL were registered during 2006-2008 in this region. A study on the epidemiology of VL in this area was carried out in 2007-2008 in the villages of Chodak, Oltinkan, Gulistan and Chorkesar located at elevations of 900-1200 above sea level.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>A total of 162 dogs were tested for <it>Leishmania </it>infection. Blood was drawn for serology and PCR. When clinical signs of the disease were present, aspirates from lymph nodes and the spleen were taken. Forty-two dogs (25.9%) had clinical signs suggestive of VL and 51 (31.5%) were sero-positive. ITS-1 PCR was performed for 135 dogs using blood and tissue samples and 40 (29.6%) of them were PCR-positive. Leishmanial parasites were cultured from lymph node or spleen aspirates from 10 dogs.</p> <p>Eight <it>Leishmania </it>strains isolated from dogs were typed by multi-locus microsatellite typing (MLMT) and by multilocus enzyme electrophoretic analysis (MLEE), using a 15 enzyme system. These analyses revealed that the strains belong to the most common zymodeme of <it>L. infantum</it>, i.e., MON-1, and form a unique group when compared to MON-1 strains from other geographical regions.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>The data obtained through this study confirm the existence of an active focus of VL in the Namangan region of Uzbekistan. The fact that <it>L. infantum </it>was the causative agent of canine infection with typical clinical signs, and also of human infection affecting only infants, suggests that a zoonotic form of VL similar in epidemiology to Mediterranean VL is present in Uzbekistan.</p

Noise-induced intermittency and transition to chaos in the neuron Rulkov model

A discrete neuron model proposed by Rulkov is studied. In the deterministic version, this system simulates different modes of neural activity, such as quiescence, tonic and chaotic spiking. In the presence of random disturbances, another important mode of bursting characterized by the alternation of quiescence and excitement regimes can be observed. We study the probabilistic mechanisms of noise-induced transitions from quiescence to bursting in the zone of the tangent bifurcation. It is shown that such transitions are accompanied by a transformation of the system dynamics from regular to chaotic. For the analysis of these bifurcation phenomena, the stochastic sensitivity functions technique and method of confidence intervals are used

Механизмы развития антипсихотик-индуцированных метаболических нарушений: фармакогенетический аспект

Antipsychotics are the main drug group in the treatment of disorders of the schizophrenic spectrum. At the same time, this drug group requires long-term use, has a narrow therapeutic breadth and a large spectrum and high severity of undesirable drug reactions, the manifestation of which is largely determined by the patient’s genotype. In this connection, the severity of undesirable drug reactions in drugs of the first and second generation of antipsychotics is different. Atypical antipsychotics, unlike typical antipsychotics, have a significantly lower chance of causing extrapyramidal disorders, though they primarily induce metabolic side effects, consisting of significant weight changes, glucose metabolism dysregulation, and dyslipidemia. These unwanted drug reactions significantly reduce adherence to therapy and can lead to serious complications in the future. At the same time, experience with the use of atypical antipsychotics has shown that the severity of unwanted reactions differs within the group of atypical antipsychotics and, more importantly, even for one drug taken by different patients, is a variable index. The reason for this phenomenon lies is in the polymorphism of the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic factors involved in the metabolism of atypical antipsychotics and the different chemical structure of the drugs. The study of the effect of various combinations of polymorphic variants of the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamics factors on the development of antipsychotic-induced metabolic disorders is a complex and high-priority task of personalized medicine. Антипсихотики являются основными лекарственными препаратами в терапии расстройств шизофренического спектра. Антипсихотические препараты требуют длительного применения, обладают узкой терапевтической широтой, большим спектром и выраженностью нежелательных лекарственных реакций, проявление которых во многом определяется генотипом пациента. Выраженность нежелательных лекарственных реакций у препаратов первой и второй генераций антипсихотиков различна.Применение атипичных антипсихотиков, в отличие от типичных, реже вызывает экстрапирамидные расстройства, но индуцирует, прежде всего, метаболические нарушения: изменение веса, дизрегуляцию метаболизма глюкозы, дислипидемию. Перечисленные нежелательные лекарственные реакции в значительной мере снижают приверженность пациентов к терапии и могут привести к серьезным осложнениям в дальнейшем. Клинический опыт применения антипсихотиков показал, что выраженность нежелательных реакций одного препарата, принимаемого различными пациентами, является вариабельным показателем в связи с полиморфизмом генов фармакокинетических и фармакодинамических факторов, задействованных в реализации фармакологического действия антипсихотиков. В связи с этим изучение влияния различных комбинаций полиморфных вариантов генов фармакокинетических и фармакодинамических факторов на развитие антипсихотик-индуцированных метаболических нарушений является приоритетной задачей персонализированной психиатрии.

Infliximab plus methotrexate is superior to methotrexate alone in the treatment of psoriatic arthritis in methotrexate-naive patients: the RESPOND study

Objective: To compare the efficacy and safety of treatment with infliximab plus methotrexate with methotrexate alone in methotrexate-naive patients with active psoriatic arthritis (PsA). Methods: In this open-label study, patients 18 years and older with active PsA who were naive to methotrexate and not receiving disease-modifying therapy (N=115) were randomly assigned (1:1) to receive either infliximab (5 mg/kg) at weeks 0, 2, 6 and 14 plus methotrexate (15 mg/week); or methotrexate (15 mg/week) alone. The primary assessment was American College of Rheumatology (ACR) 20 response at week 16. Secondary outcome measures included psoriasis area and severity index (PASI), disease activity score in 28 joints (DAS28) and dactylitis and enthesitis assessments. Results: At week 16, 86.3% of patients receiving infliximab plus methotrexate and 66.7% of those receiving methotrexate alone achieved an ACR20 response (p<0.02). Of patients whose baseline PASI was 2.5 or greater, 97.1% receiving infliximab plus methotrexate compared with 54.3% receiving methotrexate alone experienced a 75% or greater improvement in PASI (p<0.0001). Improvements in C-reactive protein levels, DAS28 response and remission rates, dactylitis, fatigue and morning stiffness duration were also significantly greater in the group receiving infliximab. In the infliximab plus methotrexate group, 46% (26/57) had treatment-related adverse events (AE) and two patients had serious AE, compared with 24% with AE (13/54) and no serious AE in the methotrexate-alone group. Conclusions: Treatment with infliximab plus methotrexate in methotrexate-naive patients with active PsA demonstrated significantly greater ACR20 response rates and PASI75 improvement compared with methotrexate alone and was generally well tolerated. This trial is registered in the US National Institutes of Health clinicaltrials.gov database, identifier NCT00367237