Analysis, Design and Implementation of a Pilot Relational Database for Groundwater in the State of Arkansas

There are several agencies within the state of Arkansas dealing with underground water. Each agency has its own database that acts as an isolated depository of data. Practically, the communication among these databases is zero, not because there is no need for it, but because the communication is very difficult if not impossible. Data redundancy, inconsistency, and lack of integrity is overwhelming. In this study we have addressed the problem of lack of unity among the databases belonging to different agencies. Also, as an alternative we have developed a relational database. In this database the data was normalized to 4NF. This pilot program uses the ORACLE Database Management System. It deals with data for 38 water wells. For each well more than 300 data attributes have been collected where available

Minimization Of Entrance Surface Dose And Critical Organ Dose For Medical Radiography Using Optimization Procedures

In hospitals, clinics, nursing homes, and medical laboratories, diagnostic radiography is extensively used to view internal structures of a patient and to aid radiologists and doctors diagnose and treat illness and injury. The most common medical radiography is by passing x-rays through the body and captures the image of the patient by means of a sensitized film. This radiographic procedure must feature the system of dose optimization and limitation known as the practice of ALARA (as low as reasonably achievable) recommended by the International Commission on Radiological Protection. The measurements of the entrance surface dose (ESD) and the critical organ dose (COD) in common medical radiography are very important to ensure the dose limit received by the patient in a single radiographic exposure must fulfill the ALARA principle. The most useful way to evaluate ESD is either by indirect measurement on a phantom using an ionization chamber or thermo luminescent dosimeter (TLD) or using calculation based on mathematical model

Ethical Responsibility in Doris Lessing’s The Grass is Singing and Cormac McCarthy’s The Road

The present study was a comparative analysis of ethics and human responsibility in Cormac McCarthy’s The Road and Doris Lessing’s The Grass is Singing. Emmanuel Levinas’s theory of ethics was used here for a better understanding of the sense of responsibility of characters and to see how they conform to ethical relationships with others. Based on Levinasian notions of face, moral responsibility and alterity, it is argued that responsibility is the basic tenet of McCarthy’s and Lessing’s novels which arises from face-to-face encounter with an Other. However, the study proved that the father and the son as major characters in McCarthy’s novel stayed ethically good and preserved goodness in the apocalyptic world because they felt responsible towards each other as well as other strangers. On the contrary, Mary as the protagonist of Lessing The Grass is Singing was not an ethical character since she showed no concerns with responsibility and making moral relationships with other people

The combined heat transfer of radiation and mixed convection analysis in a lid-driven trapezoidal cavity

In this paper, the effect of radiation heat transfer on mixed convection in a lid-driven trapezoidal cavity is studied numerically. The governing equations of mixed convection are solved based on the SIMPLE algorithm and the solution of the radiative transfer equation inside the participating medium is carried out using the discrete ordinates method, simultaneously.To study the heat transfer and flow characteristics, sensitivity analysis is carried out based on the two parameters including the optical thickness and radiation-conduction parameter. Several interesting results are obtained such as sweep behavior on the isotherms, streamlines and convective Nusselt number with optical thicknesses

On- and Off-ramps Generating 1/f Noise in Traffic Flow

A simple model of a motorway junction consisting of two connected periodic roads is presented; each of them is connected to the other by on- and off-ramps. This constitutes a detailed structure for the region of on- and off-ramps, which is a new aspect of this paper and a useful step towards a more realistic modelling of the vehicular dynamics near the ramps. The traffic flow through the ramps has an effect on the capacity of the main roads. This effect is identified by the formation of the so-called ”plateau” in the fundamental diagram. The value increase of one of the probabilities pin and pout decreases the value of the indicated plateau. Here pin is the probability to enter the main road through the on-ramp and pout denotes the probability to exit the main road through the off-ramp. The first important feature in the simulated system is the symmetry between the connected main roads. This symmetry does not depend on the variation of the difference between the probabilities pin and pout. The other most outstanding feature is the existence of correlations between the connected main roads, which can be traced back to the lane change of vehicles in the ramp regions. These correlations are characterized by the occurrence of 1/fα fluctuations in the global traffic flow of a chosen main road of the simulated system.A simple model of a motorway junction consisting of two connected periodic roads is presented; each of them is connected to the other by on- and off-ramps. This constitutes a detailed structure for the region of on- and off-ramps, which is a new aspect of this paper and a useful step towards a more realistic modelling of the vehicular dynamics near the ramps. The traffic flow through the ramps has an effect on the capacity of the main roads. This effect is identified by the formation of the so-called ”plateau” in the fundamental diagram. The value increase of one of the probabilities pin and pout decreases the value of the indicated plateau. Here pin is the probability to enter the main road through the on-ramp and pout denotes the probability to exit the main road through the off-ramp. The first important feature in the simulated system is the symmetry between the connected main roads. This symmetry does not depend on the variation of the difference between the probabilities pin and pout. The other most outstanding feature is the existence of correlations between the connected main roads, which can be traced back to the lane change of vehicles in the ramp regions. These correlations are characterized by the occurrence of 1/fα fluctuations in the global traffic flow of a chosen main road of the simulated system

Effect of frozen storage on texture and color of fish burgers produced from Sarm surimi

Surimi is a high quality myofibrillar protein concentrate that is obtained from cheap and underutilized fish species. In this research, surimi burger was prepared from Sarm (Scomberiodes commersonnianus) surimi (60%) and other ingredients. Some quality attributes of surimi burger were investigated during 3 months of frozen storage at -20°C. Fat value was determined in fresh raw surimi and surimi burger. Physical properties such as color stability (L, a and b values) and textural hardness before and after cooking were determined for surimi burgers during frozen storage at -20°C. Results showed that the hardness of surimi burgers and cooked samples were 768gf and 204gf, respectively at-the beginning of storage, and it was increased at the end of storage (921gf for surimi burger and 462gf for the cooked sample). Hardness showed significant difference through storage (P0.05)

Rings Additively Generated by Periodic Elements

In the present paper, as a generalization of the classical periodic rings, we explore those rings whose elements are additively generated by two (or more) periodic elements by calling them additively periodic. We prove that, in some major cases, additively periodic rings remain periodic too; this includes, for instance, algebraic algebras, group rings, and matrix rings over commutative rings. Moreover, we also obtain some independent results for the new class of rings; for example, the triangular matrix rings retain that property.Comment: 16 page