Efek pemberian tablet metilprednisolon paten, generik bermerek dagang dan generik berlogo terhadap kadar annexin A1 dalam serum

Penyataan sepihak produsen obat-obat generik yang mengaku efek obatnya sama dengan obat paten sering menimbulkan pro dan kontra di tengah masyarakat termasuk pada praktisi kesehatan. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengkaji efek pemberian tablet metilprednisolon 4 mg paten, generik bermerek dagang dan generik berlogo melalui pemeriksaan kadar Annexin A1 dalam serum. Penelitian dilakukan dengan metode Two ways Cross Over design pada serum darah kelinci yang diambil pada jam ke 0, 0,5,1,2,3,5,7 dan ke 9 melalui vena orbital. Pada penelitian ini hewan coba dibagi menjadi tiga kelompok, dengan obat paten berfungsi sebagai kontrol. Penelitian ini dilakukan dalam tiga tahap, dengan washout period selama satu minggu Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat perbedaan Cmax, Tmax dan AUC Annexin A1 pada ketiga obat yang diuji. Urutan konsentrasi tertinggi Annexin A1 didapatkan pada obat paten, generik bermerek dagang dan generik berlogo. Tmax obat paten dan obat generik bermerek dagang didapatkan pada jam ke 3 sementara obat generik berlogo didapatkan pada jam ke 5. Urutan Nilai AUC terbesar didapatkan pada obat paten, generik bermerek dagang dan generik berlogo. Kualitas produk obat berkait dengan biofarmasetik dan sifat fisikokimia bahan obat. Selain itu tiap komponen produk obat dan metode pembuatan juga berkontribusi pada kualitas obat yang dihasilkan. Terdapat perbedaan kadar annexin A1 pada semua obat yang diuji, namun analisis statistik melalui uji ANOVA menunjukkan perbedaan kadar Annexin A1 ketiga obat diatas tidak signifikan pada P<0,05. Dari penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa,: Cmax, Tmax dan AUC terbesar dari kadar serum annexin A1 antara pemberian tablet metilprednisolon paten, generik bermerek dagang dan generik berlogo didapatkan pada tablet metilprednisolon paten dengan nilai 15,57±0,61 ng/ml, pada jam ke 3 dan 111,882 ng jam/ml. Terdapat pengaruh pemberian tablet metilprednisolon paten, generik bermerek dagang dan generik berlogo terhadap kadar serum annexin A1 dan diantara ketiga jenis obat tablet metilprednisolon ternyata efeknya sama. Disarankan kepada peneliti selanjutnya untuk dapat melakukan uji X-ray diffraction untuk mengetahui struktur kristal tablet metilprednisolon 4 mg Keyword: Annexin A1, Metilprednisolon, Paten, Generik

PHARMACODYNAMICS EFFECT OF METHYLPREDNISOLONE TABLETS ON THE SERUM CONCENTRATION OF ANNEXIN A1: IN VIVO COMPARATIVE STUDY BETWEEN GENERIC AND INNOVATOR DRUG

Objective: The aims of this study were to investigate the comparative pharmacodynamics effect of methylprednisolone (MP) innovator, MP branded generic, and MP generic products to the serum concentration of annexin A1 (AnxA1).Methods: It was conducted by two-way crossover design in male rabbits. AnxA1 was measured at 0, 0.5, 1, 2, 3, 5, 7, and 9 h after the administration of the drugs. The peak concentration (Cmax), the time at which the peak concentration was achieved (Tmax), and the area under the plasma concentration-time curve (AUC) were also determined.Results: The highest concentration and widest AUC of AnxA1 were obtained in MP innovator drug. MP innovator and branded generic reaches the peak time (Tmax) at the third 3rd h, while the MP generic reaches the peak time at the 5th h. The results showed that there was no significant difference in the serum concentration of AnxA1 between MP tablets after analyzed with a one-way analysis of variance.Conclusion: It could be concluded that the innovator drug of MP tablet gave the same effect on the serum concentration of AnxA1 than its generic counterparts, but an onset of action MP innovator and branded generic is faster than the generic product

Switch Therapy Antibiotik Pasien Apendisitis RSUD Arifin Achmad Provinsi Riau

Has conducted a study entitled Switching Antibiotic Therapy to Cases of Appendicitis Surgery in Functional Medical Staff of Arifin Achmad Regional General Hospital, Riau Province. This type of research is a retrospective data observation study, medical record data of appendicitis surgery patients during 2010. The method used is the census method. Antibiotics - Oral Substitution Therapy (IAOST) Protocol to medical record data of appendicitis surgery patients at surgical SMF Arifin Achmad Hospital, Riau Province, following: a therapeutic switch (+) of 17% (29 cases), a percentage that met the switch therapy criteria and did not occur switch therapy (Δ) of 67% (114 cases), the percentage that did not meet the switch therapy criteria and switch therapy occurred (X) by 6% (11 cases), the percentage that did not meet the switch therapy criteria and no therapeutic switch (V) 17% (17 cases)

Efektifitas Antibiotik pada Pasien Ulkus Kaki Diabetik

Patients with diabetic foot infection require antibiotics. Generally, antibiotics may have low sensitivity and some bacteria have been resistance to antibiotics. Currently, evaluating the effectiveness of antibiotics is necessary to avoid antibiotic resistance. This study has been conducted using the longitudinal method and prospective sampling technique. Observed parameters were leukocyte, signs of infection and fever after using antibiotics. The data collected were then analyzed to determine the effectiveness of antibiotics based on supporting literature. A number of 19 out of 28 samples of patients with diabetic foot ulcer met the criteria, consisting of 63.16% and 36.84% of male and female patients, respectively. Most of the patients (68,42%) were aged 45-60 years old living with diabetes for more than 10 years. The antimicrobial therapy were given empirically in 8 patients (42,10%) and based on microbial sensitivity (definitive) in 11 patients (57,89%). The use of antibiotics was effective in 15 patients (78,94%) marked by the leukocyte count, signs of infection and fever parameters after 2-3 days using antibiotics. The optimum therapeutic outcome was achieved in 7 to 21 days.Pasien Infeksi ulkus kaki diabetik memerlukan penggunaan antibiotik, antibiotik yang sering digunakan mempunyai sensitifitas rendah dan beberapa pasien pada penggunaannya dalam keadaan resistensi, evaluasi efektifitas antibiotik perlu dilakukan untuk mengatasi masalah penggunaan antibiotik saat ini. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan studi longitudinal dan teknik pengambilan sampel secara prospektif. Paramater yang diamati adalah keadaan leukosit, tanda infeksi dan demam seteleh pemberian antibiotik. Data yang terkumpul kemudian dianalisis secara deskriptif untuk menentukan efektifitas antibiotik berdasarkan literatur yang mendukung. Hasil perolehan sampel pada penelitian ini adalah sebanyak 19 sampel pasien infeksi ulkus kaki diabetik yang memenuhi kriteria dari 28 orang populasi terdiri dari 63,16% pasien laki-laki dan 36,84% pasien perempuan, 68,42 % usia 45-60 tahun dan lama diabetes terbanyak adalah > 10 tahun. Hasil evaluasi efektifitas antibiotik yaitu ditemukan 8 orang pasien yang menggunakan antibiotik secara dugaan (empiris) dan 11 orang pasien menggunakan antibiotik berdasarkan sensitifitas (definitif). Antibiotik efektif pada 15 orang subjek penelitian yaitu dapat memberikan respon pada leukosit, tanda infeksi dan parameter demam seteleh pemberian antibiotik 2-3 hari dan hasil terapi maksimal pada hari ke 7 sampai 21

Efektifitas Antibiotik Pasien Demam Tifoid RSUP Dr. M. Djamil Padang

To find out the effectiveness of antibiotics in typhoid fever patients at the SMF of Pediatric and SMF in Internal Medicine Dr. RSUP M. Djamil Padang. This study was a cross-sectional study with a retrospective type of data during 2012 and prospective from June to September 2013, with a descriptive analysis design. The number of patients who met the inclusion criteria were 11 patients. Percentage of antibiotic use in adult patients for ceftriaxone (60%) and chloramphenicol (40%). The percentage of antibiotic use in pediatric patients for ceftriaxone, chloramphenicol, and cefixim are 60%, 27%, and 13%, respectively. Fever free for ceftriaxone and chloramphenicol in pediatric and adult patients, each of which is 2-3 days and 4-6 days; 3-4 days and 4 days. To be free of cefixime fever in pediatric patients is 2 days. The length of treatment required is ceftriaxone and chloramphenicol (children and adults) antibiotics, 6 - 13 days and 9-13, respectively; 11-14 and 7 days. For the duration of cefixime antibiotic treatment for children is 13 days. The results of this study indicate that antibiotics that are used effectively against typhoid fever patients are seen from the time of free of fever and length of stay

Profil Penyimpanan Obat pada Puskesmas di Kota Padang Sumatera Barat

Penyimpanan obat menjadi faktor penting dalam pengelolaan obat di Puskesmas, karena dengan penyimpanan yang benar akan lebih mudah dan efektif untuk menjamin kualitas dan mutu obat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan gambaran secara sistematis dan akurat mengenai penyimpanan obat di Puskesmas kota Padang Provinsi Sumatera Barat. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada 11  puskesmas di 11 Kecamatan di Kota Padang. Pengambilan data melalui daftar tilik tentang aspek penyimpanan obat di puskesmas yang meliputi persyaratan gudang penyimpanan obat dengan 11 aspek yang dinilai, pengaturan penyimpanan obat dengan 7 aspek yang dinilai  dan tata cara penyusunan obat dengan 8 aspek yang dinilai.  Masih terdapat beberapa masalah yang ditemui di lapangan seperti, ruang gudang penyimpanan obat yang belum sesuai standar, dan penempatan  obat di gudang langsung di lantai saja dan tidak diatas pallet. Namun secara umum, hasil  penelitian ini menunjukkan  bahwa penyimpanan obat, pengaturan penyimpanan obat, dan tata cara penyusunan obat di 11 puskesmas pada semua kecamatan di kota Padang dikategorikan baik dengan hasil secara berurutan 86,36%; 91,81% dan 93,18%.

Analisis Efektivitas Biaya Obat Kelasi Besi Oral Pada Pasien Talasemia Mayor Di RSUP DR. M. Djamil Padang

Talasemia mayor sebagai penyakit kelainan sel darah merah yang diturunkan dari kedua orangtua ke anaknya membutuhkan biaya tinggi dan pemakaian obat kelasi besi sepanjang hidup pasien. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis biaya dan efektivitas (cost-effectiveness) penggunaan obat kelasi besi oral deferasirok dan deferipron pada pasien talasemia mayor di RSUP Dr. M. Djamil Padang tahun 2018-2019. Pengumpulan data dilakukan secara retrospektif menggunakan total sampling dari rekam medis pasien dan data sistem informasi rumah sakit. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini, total biaya rata-rata per episode rawatan pada pasien talasemia mayor yang menggunakan obat deferasirok (Rp 401.940.001,-) lebih besar daripada deferipron (Rp 269.261.557,-). Efektivitas deferasirok (1309 ng/mL) lebih besar daripada deferipron (830 ng/mL). Rasio efektivitas biaya deferasirok (Rp 307.059,-/) lebih rendah dari deferipron (Rp 324.412,-/). Untuk mengubah obat dari deferipron ke deferasirok membutuhkan biaya tambahan sebesar Rp 276.990,- per satu unit tambahan. Dari nilai average cost-effectiveness ratio didapat kesimpulan deferasirok lebih cost-effective dibanding deferipron. Kata kunci: talasemia mayor; kelasi besi oral; analisis efektivitas biaya; farmakoekonomi; deferasirok; deferipro

Profil Dan Optimalisasi Penggunaan Kombinasi Anti Tukak Peptik Dengan Antasida Pada Pasien Tukak Peptik Di Ruang Rawat Inap SMF Penyakit Dalam RSUD Dr. Achmad Mochtar Bukittinggi

A study on the profile and optimation of rhe use of antipeptic ulcer drug in combination with antacids in peptic ulcer patients at the internist ward Functional Medical Unit RSUD Ahmad Mukhtar Bukittinggi had been done for 2 months (from February 26 to april 25, 2008). Results showed that from 54 patients with peptic ulcer who use the combination of anti peptic ulcer drugs with antacids, before they were given information and advice, 19 patients (35,185%) took the drugs separately, 35 patiens (64,815%) concomitantly. After they were given information and advice, 53 patients (98,15%) took the medicines separately as suggested and 1 patients (1,85%) concomitantly or disobeyed the instruction. Keywords : antacids, peptic ulcer drug

Analysis of Pharmacists' Knowledge Level on Drug Management with The Availability of Medicine in Community Health Centers in Padang City

The availability of medicine is one of the factors that can be employed to assess the quality of community health centers and determine customer satisfaction. Pharmacists require a strong foundation in drug management knowledge to ensure the medicine availability. Proficient drug management can enhance the rational use of medications, promote rational prescription practices, and improve drug utilization efficiency. This research aims to ascertain the pharmacist's knowledge level and the availability of medicine while also exploring any potential correlations between pharmacist knowledge and medicine availability. This research adopts a non-experimental study design with cross-sectional data collection. The research sample was selected using purposive sampling techniques, employing a questionnaire to assess pharmacist knowledge levels, as well as Drug Usage Reports and Drug Request Sheets (LPLPO) to evaluate the availability of medicine levels. Data analysis involved the Chi-Square test and Spearman Rank test. The study results indicated that the majority of pharmacists possessed a high level of knowledge (73.7%), while most community health centers have a moderate level of medicine availability (73.7%). The Spearman Rank test revealed no significant correlation between pharmacist knowledge levels and the availability of medicine

Pharmacy Staff's Recommendations for Self-Medication Requests on Non-Infectious Productive Cough: A Study in Padang City, Indonesia

Cough is a physiological reflex to liberate the airway from mucus or foreign objects. Many cough medicines in pharmacies require special expertise to select the proper medication according to the patient's condition. This research aims to evaluation recommendations of drugs for non-productive cough for self-medication from pharmacy staff in Kuranji subdistrict, Padang City.  A cross-sectional study with total sampling techniques is used for collecting data. This research uses a structured interview technique with the main question, what medicine would pharmacy staff recommend if an adult patient comes with a productive cough without any symptoms of infection? There are 30 pharmacies in Kuranji subdistrict, but data that meets the inclusion criteria is only from 25 pharmacies because five pharmacies are not willing to be research sites. Those who were willing to take part in this research were 16 pharmacists and nine non-pharmacist staff. Only 37.5% (6 of 16) of correct drug recommendations were given by pharmacists, and 33.3% (3 of 9) of proper drug recommendations were provided by non-pharmacist staff. There are still many things that could be improved in drug recommendations for this case, with a total average of correct administration of only 36%. The proper drug choices were Bromhexin and Acetylcysteine, while other drugs that were incorrectly chosen were drugs that should have been given with a doctor's prescription, branded drugs with more than one active ingredient , herbs or not the drug of choice for now.There are still many mistakes in the medicine choice, with an average total of only 36% accurate recommendations