Efficient Data Gathering and Aggregation for Multiple Applications in Wireless Sensor Networks

Data aggregation in wireless sensor networks refers to acquiring the sensed data from the sensors to the gateway node. It reduces the amount of power consumed during data transmission between the sensor nodes. Generally homomorphic encryptions have been applied to conceal communication during aggregation. Since enciphered data can be aggregated algebraically without decryption. Here adversaries are able to forge aggregated results by compromising them. However, these schemes are not satisfying multi-application environments, provide insecure transmission and do not provide secure counting for unauthorized aggregation attacks. In this paper, we propose a new concealed data aggregation scheme extended from homomorphic privacy encryption system. The proposed scheme designed for a multi-application environment, mitigates the impact of compromising attacks in single application environments and also it can avoid the damage from unauthorized aggregations by the privacy homomorphic encryption scheme.Comment: 14 pages, 4 figure

New Trends in Internet of Things, Applications, Challenges, and Solutions

Internet of things (IoT) refers to an innovation and advance field to introduce a new concept of technologies with various potential advantages. In IoT, different types of diverse smart devices and gadgets with smart communication interfaces are connected with each other and offers the plethora of services in our daily life. IoT has gained attention in all fields of life like e-home, e-commerce, e-health, smart grids, intelligent transportation systems, and e-governance. The objects in IoT increasing preponderance of entities and transform objects into new and real-world objects. In this review paper, we discuss the new trend in IoT, its applications and recent challenges and their solutions. In addition, the paper also elaborates the existing systems, IoT architecture and technical aspects with future trends in the field. This review will be helpful to new researchers to find the existing technologies and challenges in order to continue their research in the field

Solutions and Recent Challenges Related to Energy in Wireless Body Area Networks with Integrated Technologies: Applications and Perspectives

في هذه الورقة، بحثنا في بعض أحدث بروتوكولات التوجيه الموفرة للطاقة لشبكات منطقة الجسم اللاسلكية. شهدت هذه التكنولوجيا تطورات في الآونة الأخيرة حيث يتم حقن أجهزة استشعار لاسلكية في جسم الإنسان لاستشعار وقياس معايير الجسم مثل درجة الحرارة ونبض القلب ومستوى الجلوكوز. تقوم هذه المستشعرات اللاسلكية الدقيقة بجمع معلومات بيانات الجسم وإرسالها عبر شبكة لاسلكية وإلى المحطة الأساسية. يتم فحص قياسات البيانات من قبل الطبيب أو الطبيب ويقترح العلاج المناسب. يتم إجراء الاتصال بالكامل من خلال بروتوكولات التوجيه في بيئة الشبكة. يستهلك بروتوكول التوجيه الطاقة أثناء المساعدة في الاتصال دون توقف في البيئة اللاسلكية. بسبب الحجم الصغير جدًا ، فإن استهلاك الطاقة مهم جدًا. لقد ركزنا على البروتوكولات التي توفر كفاءة استخدام الطاقة وتحسين عمر الشبكة، والإنتاجية، وفقدان الحد الأدنى من المسار. سنناقش بعض أحدث بروتوكولات التوجيه الموفرة للطاقة في هذه الورقة، في وقت لاحق يتم تقديم مقارنة مع جدول مناسب. بالإضافة إلى ذلك، تمت مناقشة التحديات الأخيرة والتطبيق المحتمل ووجهات النظر.          In this paper, we have investigated some of the most recent energy efficient routing protocols for wireless body area networks. This technology has seen advancements in recent times where wireless sensors are injected in the human body to sense and measure body parameters like temperature, heartbeat and glucose level. These tiny wireless sensors gather body data information and send it over a wireless network to the base station. The data measurements are examined by the doctor or   physician and the suitable cure is suggested. The whole communication is done through routing protocols in a network environment. Routing protocol consumes energy while helping non-stop communication in a wireless environment. Because of the very tiny size, energy consumption matters a lot. We have focused on the protocols, which provide energy efficiency and improve network lifetime, through put and minimal path loss. We will be discussing some of the most recent energy efficient routing protocols in this paper; later their comparison with an appropriate table is presented. In addition, recent challenges, possible application and perspectives are discussed.  &nbsp

ATTITUDES FACED BY PROFESSIONAL AND STUDENT WOMEN ATHLETES UPON THEIR PARTICIPATION IN SPORTS

Background: The study was conducted to explore the relationship between attitudes related to gender script, threaten/harassed, getups, male interaction, and jealousy, and sports participation of professional and student women athletes. The present research was quantitative approach in nature. The response rate from 247 respondents including 120 professional sports women and 127 female student athletes (GC University Faisalabad) was noted beyond 300 sample size. For the purpose of data collection, structured survey questionnaire was developed. Descriptive statistics, Pearson’s correlation analysis, and multiple regression analysis statistical approaches through SPSS-25 were applied to edit and further analyze the collected data. The findings revealed that attitudes (gender script, threaten/harassed, getups, male interaction, and jealousy) faced by women athletes had significant relationship with sports participation. Results indicated that gender script, threaten/harassed, getups, male interaction, and jealousy had significant effect on sports participation of professional and student women athletes in determining women’s status in society. It was concluded that sports women are threated/harassed with other ground realities such as gender script and dominance, getups, male interaction, and jealousy in the way of their participation in sports. There is a need of campaign in Pakistani society for the equal rights of women in sports. Female coaches should also be hired to lead the sports women because they feel easy with them and it will reduce women’s exploitation and hesitation and expand the participation in sports in future

Wireless Body Area Networks for Healthcare Applications: An Overview

Healthcare systems have been facing various new challenges due to increasing and rising aging population in healthcare. Advance information and communication technologies have introduced Wireless Body Area Networks (WBANs) for healthcare systems. WBANs provide different monitoring services in healthcare sector for monitoring their patients with more convenience. WBANs are economical solutions and non-invasive technology for healthcare applications. This review paper provides a comprehensive review on WBANs applications, services and recent challenges

Sales Management Portal

The objective of this project is to develop a sales portal which would be used as a platform for selling the courses of Han Academy Naperville to the parents and prospective students in the community. The parent and guardians of the students can select any specific course which is available in school portal to find out detailed information, the portal will log enquires and contact information. Then it should be very easy for parents to select the courses and register the courses they can also fill out all required details and complete the process on just a few clicks. The course portal system should automatically synchronize with existing course management portal of \u27Han Academy Naperville\u27. This course management portal should be developed using an open source technology like PHP and Moodle. The main purpose is to create an interest among students so their parents or guardians can choose according to the students’ academic standings. The sales portal will be focused on managing pipelines along with marketing tools and various learning options which will be directly connected and displayed on the course portal. The variety of options available at the portal will encourage parents/guardians to help the student be successful in school

Proposed Modification to Increase Main Swept Back Wing Efficiency for Aircraft Aermacchi Siai S211

A winglet is devices attached at the wing tips, used to improve aircraft wing efficiency by reduction influence wing tips vortices and induct drag, increasing lift force at the wing tips and effective aspect ratio without adding greatly to the structural stress and weight in the wing structure. This paper is presented three-dimensional numerical analysis to proposed modification swept back wing by adding Raked winglets devices at the main wing tips belong the two seat trainer aircraft type Aermacchi Siai S211 by using Fluent ANSYS 13 software. CFD numerical analysis process was performed at the same flight boundary conditions indifferent wing angle of attacks with constant air flow velocity V∞ =50 (m/sec), ambient pressure Po=101325 (Pa), ambient temperature To=288.14 (K), and at air density ρo=1.225 (kg\m3) to both proposed wing model and the main aircraft wing model. The results are shown an improvement in aerodynamic parameters including increment lift coefficient to (0.22%-5.95%), reduction drag coefficient to (0.34% - 3.60%), increment wing load efficiency ratio to (2.62% - 7.30%), reduction induct drag coefficient CDi to (7.65% - 13.11%) compared with the main aircraft wing model and achieved an improvement in aircraft flight maneuver abilities and stability controls especially during descent, approach, landing and takeoff with lower speed with shortage runway

Improving quality of service through road side back-bone network in VANET

The vehicular ad hoc Networks (VANETs) are expected to support a large spectrum of traffic alert, dynamic route planning, file sharing, safety and infotainment applications to improve traffic management. User satisfaction plus in time delivery of real-time messages is the most significant quality evaluation criterion for vehicular applications. High mobility and rapidly changing topologies always lead to intermittent quality of services, higher delay and packet dropping issues in network. To improve the quality of services for multi-hop and dynamic environment, different types of solutions have been proposed. The article introduces multi-protocol label switching based on roadside backbone network to provide widespread, scalable, high-speed, robust quality of services and improve network efficiency. The simulation results showed that proposed model improves data transmission and routing performance in terms of data delivery, throughput, end-to-end delay and achieve adequate utilization of resources