Dismantling the Beania magellanica (Busk, 1852) species complex (Bryozoa, Cheilostomata): two new species from European waters

New research on bryozoans has determined that formerly widespread species are in many cases complexes of similar, but distinct, species with more restricted distributions. Notwithstanding, the limits of distribution are still unresolved for many taxa, and occasionally a wide distribution is confirmed. Beania magellanica has been considered a widespread species, distributed throughout the Southern Hemisphere, parts of northern Pacific and Atlantic Oceans and the Mediterranean Sea. This study examines the Magellanic-type material, together with other historic samples and new specimens collected in the western Mediterranean and Adriatic, and for the first time, presents specimens from the European North Atlantic. Morphological comparisons and biometric analysis show the existence of three different species among the specimens studied. A redescription of B. magellanica based on the type specimen is presented, and two new species are described: B. serrata sp. nov. from the Northeast Atlantic and B. mediterranea sp. nov. from the Mediterranean Sea. These results indicate that B. magellanica s.l. is a large complex of species and that most specimens from different parts of the world must be revisedThis research was conducted thanks to the funds granted by the Austrian Science Fund (FWF, project number AP28954-B29). The work of Karine Nascimento and Leandro M. Vieira was supported by Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq, project numbers 142058/2015-7 and 422563/2016-1) and by Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES, project number 88881.135517/2016-01). Part of the revision of the samples was supported by the project “Fauna Ibérica: Briozoos II (Familia Cribrilinidae–Familia Watersiporidae)” (CGL2010-22267-C07-02), co-financed by the Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (Spanish government) and FEDERS

A contribuição do lúdico para melhoria do processo de ensino e aprendizagem dos alunos do Ensino Fundamental.

This research aims to analyze the contribution of the ludic to improve the teaching and learning process of the students of the 1st year of Elementary School of the Municipal School Teacher Edneide Sales Campelo, Alto Alegre / Roraima / Brazil.The research aimed to: Verify whether playful activities as a pedagogical resource can develop more attractive practices according to teachers' perception; The objective was to answer the following problem: Does the playfulness used as a pedagogical resource contribute to the improvement of the teaching and learning of the students of the 1st year of elementary school at the Municipal School Teacher Edneide Sales Campelo? The research is non-experimental, descriptive with a qualitative approach and interpretative paradigm. As a technique for data collection, an interview was conducted. The subjects participating in the research were: the 14 (fourteen) teachers of the 1st year of elementary school of the school under study. A semi-structured interview was used as instrument. The results found regarding the contribution of the ludic to the teaching process according to the teachers 'opinion were: innovative practice, provided that the students' age range are well planned and appropriate, promoting attractive, dynamic, fun, pleasant, effective and meaningful classes, enabling the construction of affectivity.Esta pesquisa trata de analisar a contribuição do lúdico para melhoria no processo de ensino e aprendizagem dos alunos do 1° ano do Ensino Fundamental da Escola Municipal Professora Edneide Sales Campelo, Alto Alegre/Roraima/Brasil. A investigação teve como objetivo: Verificar se as atividades lúdicas como recurso pedagógico podem desenvolver práticas mais atrativas segundo a percepção dos professores; O objetivo buscou responder o seguinte problema: O lúdico utilizado como recurso pedagógico contribui para melhoria do ensino e da aprendizagem dos alunos do 1º ano do ensino fundamental da Escola Municipal Professora Edneide Sales Campelo? A pesquisa é do tipo não-experimental, descritiva com o enfoque qualitativo e paradigma interpretativo. Como técnica para a coleta de dados realizou-se uma entrevista. Os sujeitos participantes da pesquisa foram: os 14(catorze) professores do 1º ano do ensino fundamental da escola em estudo. Foram utilizados como instrumento uma entrevista semiestruturadas. Os resultados encontrados referentes a contribuição do lúdico para o processo de ensino segundo a opinião dos professores foram: prática inovadora, desde que sejam bem planejadas e adequadas a faixa etária dos educandos promovendo aulas atrativas, dinâmicas, divertidas, prazerosas, eficazes e significativas, possibilitando a construção da afetividade

Lactoperoxidase enzyme activity and thiocyanate levels in raw milk of Girolando cows

Considering the importance of milk enzymes in milk preservation and animal protection, this study aimed to identify the factors that influence lactoperoxidase activity and levels of thiocyanate in raw milk of Girolando cows, as well as to verify the correlation between these components and the number of somatic cells in cooled raw milk. A total of 181 of milk samples from Girolando cows were used to determine the lactoperoxidase activity, thiocyanate levels, somatic cell number, and serum protein content. The genetic group and the sampling period influenced lactoperoxidase activity. Thiocyanate levels were influenced by the sampling period and by the interaction between the genetic group and the sampling period. The number of somatic cells was influenced by the number of days in lactation, animal age, and sampling period. Milk of animals from the group 1/2 Holstein x Gyr had the highest lactoperoxidase activity and there was no influence of the genetic group on the levels of thiocyanate

Potencial inseticida de plantas medicinais encontradas na Amazônia Central contra o pulgão-da-couve Brevicoryne brassicae (L.) (Hemiptera: Aphididae)

Resumo. O presente trabalho objetivou avaliar o potencial inseticida e a ação repelente sobre o pulgão-da-couve [Brevicoryne brassicae (L.)] de extratos de cinco espécies de plantas ocorrentes e cultivadas na Amazônia Central: Crescentia cujete L., Himatanthus articulatus (Vahl) Woodson, Syzygium malaccense (L.) Merr. & L.M. Perry, Schnella sp. e Protium sp. Os extratos foram utilizados na concentração de 10% e o inseticida botânico a base de azadiractina (Azamax®) foi usado como controle. Para avaliação inseticida, discos de folhas de couve-manteiga com 3,5 cm de diâmetro foram individualizados em placas de Petri (6 cm ø) e infestados com 10 ninfas de B. brassicae (até 48 h de idade). 1,0 mL de cada um dos tratamentos foi pulverizado sobre os discos e após 24 h foi avaliada a mortandade. Para avaliação da repelência, discos foliares (3,5 cm ø) foram divididos em duas partes: 1,0 mL de cada tratamento foi pulverizado em uma das metades do disco, na mesma concentração empregada para avaliação da atividade inseticida. Uma hora após a pulverização, cinco adultos de B. brassicae foram transferidos para o centro do disco e após 24 h foi avaliado o número de adultos sobre a área tratada e não tratada do disco foliar. O resultados foram submetidos a teste de normalidade e análise de variância (ANOVA).  O contato direto e residual dos extratos de C. cujete, H. articulatus e Schnella sp. causaram uma mortalidade de ninfas entre 97,6 e 100%, resultados esses mais expressivos que S. malaccense (54,6%) e Azamax® (35,1%).  Não foi detectada ação repelente dos extratos sobre B. brassicae. Insecticidal potential of medicinal plants found in Central Amazon region against cabbage aphid Brevicoryne brassicae (L.) (Hemiptera: Aphididae) Abstract. The present work aimed to evaluate the insecticidal potential of five plant native or widely cultivated species of  Central Amazon, Brazil - Crescentia cujete L., Himatanthus articulatus  (Vahl) Woodson, Syzygium malaccense  (L.) Merr. & L.M. Perry, Schnella sp. and Protium sp. - against cabbage aphid [Brevicoryne brassicae (L.)]. The extracts were used at a concentration of 10% and the botanical insecticide based on azadirachtin (Azamax®) was used as control. For insecticide evaluation, discs of kale leaves with 3.5 cm diameter were individualized in Petri dishes (6 cm ø) and infested with 10 nymphs of B. brassicae (up to 48 h old). 1.0 mL of each treatment was sprayed over the discs and after 24 h the mortality was evaluated. For repellence test, discs of kale leaves (3.5 cm ø) were divided into 2 parts: 1.0 mL of each treatment was sprayed over a half of the disc, in the same concentrations used for insecticide activity. One hour later, 5 adults of B. brassicae were transferred to the center of the leaf disc and after 24 h the number of adults over the treated and non treatd area of the kale disc was measured. The results were submitted to normality test and analysis of variance (ANOVA). The direct and residual contact of the extracts of C. cujete, H. articulatus and Schnella sp. caused a mortality of nimphs between 97.6 and 100%. These results were more expressive than S. malaccense (54.6%) and Azamax® (35.1%).  None repellent action caused by the extracts over B. brassicae was detected

Comparison of Cognitive Performance between Elderly Training Practices with Weights and Sedentaria

Comparison of cognitive performance among elderly people practicing training with weights and sedentary lifestyle. Estudy descriptive, cross-sectional and comparative, composition for 24 elderly between 60 and 70 years, divided into 2 groups, (G1) submitted to weight training and sedentary (G2). The G1 was submitted to 32 training sessions with traditional weight. Both groups were submitted to CogState® computerized cognitive testing batteries. The data were not parametric, using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test for the analysis of the dispersion curve and the Mann-Whitney test in the comparison of the cognitive performance variables. The results were performed with a significance level of 0.05 by the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS®), version 16.0. The best cognitive performance was observed among the elderly practicing resistance exercises, as well as significant differences in the TRS and TRE variables. Elderly people who exercise with weights when compared with cognitive performance demonstrate results of the paradigms when compared to the elderly. With this, he concludes that weight training is effective in improving cognitive performance

Uma discussão sobre a relevância do diploma para o exercício do Jornalismo

A partir da justificativa do voto contra a obrigatoriedade do diploma para o curso de Jornalismo (2009), apresentado pelo então ministro do Supremo Tribunal Federal (STF), Gilmar Mendes, este artigo se propõe a levantar uma discussão acerca da relevância da graduação na formação do jornalista. Por meio de pesquisa bibliográfica, este trabalho apresenta uma revisão de artigos, livros e decisões judiciais sobre o tema. O intuito é discutir sobre a técnica necessária para atuação dos futuros profissionais, aliada à formação de qualidade, liberdade de expressão e limites ao exercício dessa liberdade

Estratégia de acompanhamento de crianças menores de dois anos na atenção primária à saúde / Monitoring of children under two years in primary health care

No âmbito da vigilância à saúde da criança, a equipe multiprofissional tem responsabilidades de cuidado e suporte humanizado à criança e sua família, valorizando o bem-estar biopsicossocial, identificando e intervindo em necessidades e vulnerabilidades. Este estudo tem como objetivo descrever a assistência prestada no cuidado compartilhado às crianças de 0 a 2 anos na Atenção Primária à Saúde. Trata-se de relato de experiência que descreve as atividades desenvolvidas por uma equipe multiprofissional em uma unidade básica de saúde, desde abril de 2017. Foi instituído como rotina na unidade o fluxo de atendimento às crianças de 0 a 24 meses: com avaliação odontológica; consulta compartilhada com a enfermagem e a nutrição aos seis meses; utilização da escala de Denver II para avaliação do desenvolvimento infantil; além da supervisão e reforço quanto a importância da suplementação de sulfato ferroso, dose semestral de vitamina A e calendário vacinal. Assim, a depender do caso, realiza-se uma consulta compartilhada a fim de garantir um atendimento integral e resolutivo. As consultas representam um espaço para a educação em saúde e uma oportunidade para que os profissionais orientem cada mãe de acordo com a fase da criança e problemas apresentados

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time and attempts to address it require a clear understanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space. While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes, vast areas of the tropics remain understudied. In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world's most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity, but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepresented in biodiversity databases. To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications may eliminate pieces of the Amazon's biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological communities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge, it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple organism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region's vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most neglected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lost

EVALUATION OF THE EFFECTS OF OZONE THERAPY AND CISPLATIN IN AN EXPERIMENTAL MODEL IN MICE WITH EHRLICH CARCINOMA

The present objective was to evaluate Swiss albino mice (Mus muscullus) with Ehrlich carcinoma treated with intrarectal ozone therapy and cisplatin. Twenty-four female mice, approximately 60 days of age, varying between 35g and 40g in weight were divided into four groups, Group G1: Positive control: 2.5mg/kg of cisplatin; Group G2: Ozone-oxygen mix via rectal insufflation (MOO IR); Group G3: 2.5mg/kg of cisplatin + (MOO IR), and Group G4: Negative control with 1ml of saline 0.9%. All animals underwent an eight-day adaptation period. Forty-eight hours after inoculation, the treatments were performed for six days. The mice were euthanized at the end of the experiment and the tumor was removed. There were statistically significant differences between groups for tumor weight. Mean tumor weight was greater in group G4, and lesser in group G3. These significant differences were observed between the negative control and other groups. On histopathology, there were no significant differences between groups. It is concluded that combined ozone therapy and cisplatin was shown to be the treatment where mice with Ehrlich carcinoma had the least tumor weight

Evaluation of the effects of ozone therapy and cisplatin in an experimental model in mice with Ehrlich carcinoma

The present objective was to evaluate Swiss albino mice (Mus muscullus) with Ehrlich carcinoma treated with intrarectal ozone therapy and cisplatin. Twenty-four female mice, approximately 60 days of age, varying between 35g and 40g in weight were divided into four groups, Group G1: Positive control: 2.5mg/kg of cisplatin; Group G2: Ozone-oxygen mix via rectal insufflation (MOO IR); Group G3: 2.5mg/kg of cisplatin + (MOO IR), and Group G4: Negative control with 1ml of saline 0.9%. All animals underwent an eight-day adaptation period. Forty-eight hours after inoculation, the treatments were performed for six days. The mice were euthanized at the end of the experiment and the tumor was removed. There were statistically significant differences between groups for tumor weight. Mean tumor weight was greater in group G4, and lesser in group G3. These significant differences were observed between the negative control and other groups. On histopathology, there were no significant differences between groups. It is concluded that combined ozone therapy and cisplatin was shown to be the treatment where mice with Ehrlich carcinoma had the least tumor weight.Ehrlich carcinoma is an aggressive, rapidly-growing tumor used as an experimental model in female mice because it corresponds to mammary adenocarcinoma. The present objective was to evaluate Swiss albino mice (Mus musculus) with Ehrlich carcinoma treated with intrarectal ozone therapy and cisplatin. Twenty-four female mice, approximately 60 days of age, varying between 35g and 43g in weight were divided into four groups, Group 1 (G1): 1mL of cisplatin 2.5mg/kg, orally; Group 2 (G2): Ozone-oxygen mixture (OOM) 20 µg/mL, via rectal insufflation (RI); Group 3 (G3): 1mL of cisplatin 2.5mg/kg, orally+ 20 µg/mL (OOM RI), and Group 4 (G4): control with 1mL of saline 0.9%, orally. All animals underwent an eight-day adaptation period. Forty-eight hours after inoculation, the treatments were performed daily, for six days. The mice were euthanized at the end of the experiment, after treatment, and the tumor was removed. There were statistically significant differences between groups for tumor weight. Mean tumor weight was greater in G4 (3,83 ± 1.20), and lesser in G3 (0.79 ± 0.73). These significant differences were observed between the group G4 and other groups. On histopathology, there were no significant differences between groups. It is concluded that ozone therapy associated with cisplatin proved to be the treatment in which mice with Erhlich's carcinoma showed delay in tumor growth, therefore, the lowest tumor weight