16 research outputs found

    Assessment of Stress in General Dentists in Tehran City

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    Objectives: This study sought to assess the level of stress in general dentists in the 2nd district of Tehran city in 2014 to find out the stressors and suggest strategies to overcome them.Methods: This descriptive, analytical, cross-sectional study was conducted on 130 general dentists from the 2nd district of Tehran city selected via weighted randomization. Level of stress was assessed using Coudron stress questionnaire. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 20.0 and Spearman’s correlation coefficient, Chi square test and ordinal logistic regression tests. P<0.05 was considered statistically significant.Results: All types of stress (occupational, life health, personal life and personality) were significantly correlated. Normal life health stress (compared to high stress) decreased occupational stress to approximately one third. Level of occupational stress was 2.5 times lower in subjects with normal level of stress in their personal life and 2 times lower in subjects with normal personality stress. Most dentists, irrespective of gender and marital status had high levels of occupational stress. Only 11.27% of those with a work experience of less than 10 years had normal life health stress. Personal life stress was significantly correlated with age, work place, and work experience (P<0.05).Conclusion: Most dentists, irrespective of gender (male: 67.3%, female: 73%) and marital status (married: 66.3%, single: 74.2%) had high levels of occupational stress. The effects of age, gender, marital status, work place and work experience were variable on occupational, life health, personal life and personality stresses and depended on the type of stress assessed

    Investigation of Contamination of Brucella melitensis in traditional cheese produced in Qazvin in 2017-2018

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    Background and Aim : Brucella melitensis is one of the Important foodborne microorganisms . Especially in dairy products such as traditional cheeses. These microorganisms cause fever, sweating, headache, back pain and weakness. cheese such as milk is a nutrient-free product for the human and source of protein and calcium, The approximate amount of cheese production in Iran is 100,000 tons and based on the latest statistics, per capita consumer of 34 kg, and the traditional Iranian cheese is one of the most consumer milk fermented products in Iran, and depending on how it is proven to be different in different areas, sensory, physicochemical and microbial features are different. This research was aimed to Investigation of Contamination of brucella meletensis in traditional cheese produced in Qazvin in 2017-2018 Material and Methods : In this descriptive and analytical study, From october 2017 to september 2018, a total of 112 samples of traditional cheese were collected from different places in Qazvin. After collectimg the samples,they were transported to the laboratory. All isolates were subjected to biochemical test.Brucella melitensis strains were further confirmed by PCR amplification.Date were analyzed using Chi- square test and Fishers exact test. Statistical difference was considered significant (P<0/05). Results: Of the 112 samples with standard culture methods were studied, 14 sample (12/5%) were positive, and looking at the reviews with positive samples from 14 molecular with culture, 7 samples (6/25%) reported a positive real. the most pollution in the white cheeses (5/35%) Was seen. It is also the most pollution in autumn(1/7 %) and winter(3/5 %) Was reported. Conclusion: With regard to the pollution of the sample reviewed, pay attention to the safety and health of the traditional cheese production centers as well as to the prevention of the supply of the required subjects, it seems. As well as the use of molecular techniques to identify food microorganisms in terms of spending the time and money, and most importantly the accuracy of these methods, can be a good alternative to the slew of molecular methods. Keywords: Brucella meletensis , traditional cheese, PC

    Travel Writing in Children and Adolescent’s Literature in Iran

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    Today children's literature and its place have attracted in the collection of literature, according to many writers the world. Making fun of the text by writer is best way to communicate with the Children and Adolescents. Travel writing is considered as an interdisciplinary literature combined by literature, history, geography and sociology. It is written both in verse and prose. Writing Travel writing is well- established in adults’ literature. Although several Travels writing have been written   in adults’ literature domain, it is not well-established in children and adolescents literature, so the experts and the writers of children and adolescents books should pay more attention to this issue. Children’s Travels writing don’t differ from the adults’ one in first definition. However, there are some differences from structure and theme towards their special addressees with the adults’ ones.Keywords: children, literature, Travel writing, Iran

    The Comparison of The Effects of Silybin and Silybin-Phosphatidylcholine on Viability and ESR Expression in Human Breast Cancer T47D Cell Line

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    Objective: Silybin is a polyphenol with anti-oxidant and anti-cancer properties. The poor bioavailability of some polyphenols can be improved by binding to phosphatidylcholine. In recent years, studies have been conducted to evaluate the anti-cancer effect of silybin. We studied the effect of silybin and silybin-phosphatidylcholine on ESR1 and ESR2 gene expression and viability in the T47D breast cancer cell line. Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, a 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-Yl)-2,5- Diphenyltetrazolium Bromide test (MTT test) was used to determine doses for cell treatment, and the gene expression was analyzed by real-time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (real-time RT- PCR). Results: Significant dose- and time-dependent cell growth inhibitory effects of silybin and silybin-phosphatidylcholine along with ESR1 down-regulation were observed in T47D cells. In contrast to ESR1, the T47D cell line showed negligible ESR2 expression. Conclusion: This study suggests that silybin and silybin-phosphatidylcholine down-regulate ESR1 in ER+ breast cancers. Results also show that in the T47D cell line, silybinphosphatidylcholine has a much higher growth inhibitory effect and a more significant down-regulation of ESR1 compared with silybin

    Study on inhibitory activity of Artemisia Spergicia essential oil against fungal species isolated from minced meat

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    Objective: meat is an important source of several nutrients. The ability high corruption of fresh meat has caused some studies food science, biological and chemical stability meat consideration. This research was conducted with the aim of Study on inhibitory activity of Artemisia Spergicia essential oil against fungal species isolated from minced meat In Qazvin city. Methods: Two types of media Dichloran 18% Glycerol agar (DG18) and Dichloran Rosebengal Chloramphenicol agar (DRBC) were chosen for the mycological analysis of the minced meat samples as used. To evaluate the antifungal activity of essential oils, microdilution broth method based on CLSI(M27A) guideline was used. Results: Essential oil (Artemisia Spergicia) inhibitory effect on the growth of fungi was found in samples of minced meat. Aspergillus , Penicillium and Cladosporium were the most common genera on both medium types. Average MIC50=1.88 µl/ml and MIC90=2 µl/ml reported.The genus Mucor with MIC=1.0 µl/ml was the most sensitive and Aspergilus vercikaler most resistant to the essential oil with MIC=4 µl/ml. Conclusion: The results show a favorable inhibitory effect of Artemisia Spergicia essential oil on fungi growth, especially Aspergillus species. According to this result, antifungal components of Artemisia Spergicia in different forms be used to prevent fungi Pollution. Key Words: minced meat, fungal infection, Essential oil of Artemisia, Antifungal activit

    Injectable hydrogels in central nervous system: Unique and novel platforms for promoting extracellular matrix remodeling and tissue engineering

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    Repairing central nervous system (CNS) is difficult due to the inability of neurons to recover after damage. A clinically acceptable treatment to promote CNS functional recovery and regeneration is currently unavailable. According to recent studies, injectable hydrogels as biodegradable scaffolds for CNS tissue engineering and regeneration have exceptionally desirable attributes. Hydrogel has a biomimetic structure similar to extracellular matrix, hence has been considered a 3D scaffold for CNS regeneration. An interesting new type of hydrogel, injectable hydrogels, can be injected into target areas with little invasiveness and imitate several aspects of CNS. Injectable hydrogels are being researched as therapeutic agents because they may imitate numerous properties of CNS tissues and hence reduce subsequent injury and regenerate neural tissue. Because of their less adverse effects and cost, easier use and implantation with less pain, and faster regeneration capacity, injectable hydrogels, are more desirable than non-injectable hydrogels. This article discusses the pathophysiology of CNS and the use of several kinds of injectable hydrogels for brain and spinal cord tissue engineering, paying particular emphasis to recent experimental studies

    Improving motor neuron-like cell differentiation of hEnSCs by the combination of epothilone B loaded PCL microspheres in optimized 3D collagen hydrogel

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    Spinal cord regeneration is limited due to various obstacles and complex pathophysiological events after injury. Combination therapy is one approach that recently garnered attention for spinal cord injury (SCI) recovery. A composite of three-dimensional (3D) collagen hydrogel containing epothilone B (EpoB)-loaded polycaprolactone (PCL) microspheres (2.5 ng/mg, 10 ng/mg, and 40 ng/mg EpoB/PCL) were fabricated and optimized to improve motor neuron (MN) differentiation efficacy of human endometrial stem cells (hEnSCs). The microspheres were characterized using liquid chromatography-mass/mass spectrometry (LC-mas/mas) to assess the drug release and scanning electron microscope (SEM) for morphological assessment. hEnSCs were isolated, then characterized by flow cytometry, and seeded on the optimized 3D composite. Based on cell morphology and proliferation, cross-linked collagen hydrogels with and without 2.5 ng/mg EpoB loaded PCL microspheres were selected as the optimized formulations to compare the effect of EpoB release on MN differentiation. After differentiation, the expression of MN markers was estimated by real-time PCR and immunofluorescence (IF). The collagen hydrogel containing the EpoB group had the highest HB9 and ISL-1 expression and the longest neurite elongation. Providing a 3D permissive environment with EpoB, significantly improves MN-like cell differentiation and maturation of hEnSCs and is a promising approach to replace lost neurons after SCI

    Defining the role of 17β-estradiol in human endometrial stem cells differentiation into neuron-like cells

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    Human endometrial stem cells (hEnSCs) that can be differentiated into various neural cell types have been regarded as a suitable cell population for neural tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. Considering different interactions between hormones, growth factors, and other factors in the neural system, several differentiation protocols have been proposed to direct hEnSCs towards specific neural cells. The 17β-estradiol plays important roles in the processes of development, maturation, and function of nervous system. In the present research, the impact of 17β-estradiol (estrogen, E2) on the neural differentiation of hEnSCs was examined for the first time, based on the expression levels of neural genes and proteins. In this regard, hEnSCs were differentiated into neuron-like cells after exposure to retinoic acid (RA), epidermal growth factor (EGF), and also fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF2) in the absence or presence of 17β-estradiol. The majority of cells showed a multipolar morphology. In all groups, the expression levels of nestin, Tuj-1 and NF-H (neurofilament heavy polypeptide) (as neural-specific markers) increased during 14 days. According to the outcomes of immunofluorescence (IF) and real-time PCR analyses, the neuron-specific markers were more expressed in the estrogen-treated groups, in comparison with the estrogen-free ones. These findings suggest that 17β-estradiol along with other growth factors can stimulate and upregulate the expression of neural markers during the neuronal differentiation of hEnSCs. Moreover, our findings confirm that hEnSCs can be an appropriate cell source for cell therapy of neurodegenerative diseases and neural tissue engineering. © 2020 International Federation for Cell Biolog

    Defining the role of 17 beta-estradiol in human endometrial stem cells differentiation into neuron-like cells

    No full text
    Human endometrial stem cells (hEnSCs) that can be differentiated into various neural cell types have been regarded as a suitable cell population for neural tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. Considering different interactions between hormones, growth factors, and other factors in the neural system, several differentiation protocols have been proposed to direct hEnSCs towards specific neural cells. The 17 beta-estradiol plays important roles in the processes of development, maturation, and function of nervous system. In the present research, the impact of 17 beta-estradiol (estrogen, E2) on the neural differentiation of hEnSCs was examined for the first time, based on the expression levels of neural genes and proteins. In this regard, hEnSCs were differentiated into neuron-like cells after exposure to retinoic acid (RA), epidermal growth factor (EGF), and also fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF2) in the absence or presence of 17 beta-estradiol. The majority of cells showed a multipolar morphology. In all groups, the expression levels of nestin, Tuj-1 and NF-H (neurofilament heavy polypeptide) (as neural-specific markers) increased during 14 days. According to the outcomes of immunofluorescence (IF) and real-time PCR analyses, the neuron-specific markers were more expressed in the estrogen-treated groups, in comparison with the estrogen-free ones. These findings suggest that 17 beta-estradiol along with other growth factors can stimulate and upregulate the expression of neural markers during the neuronal differentiation of hEnSCs. Moreover, our findings confirm that hEnSCs can be an appropriate cell source for cell therapy of neurodegenerative diseases and neural tissue engineering
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