Las fortalezas de San Lázaro

Generalmente en Cartagena, al hablar de las fortalezas del cerro de San Lázaro, las llaman en conjunto el Castillo de San Felipe de Barajas, pero en esto nos parece que hay un error. El castillo propiamente dicho se construyó en 1657, según la inscripción que en placa de mármol, ostentaba El Caballero, desde donde la sonora voz de la campana daba los alertas a la plaza fuerte en los días de la colonia

La Expulsión de los jesuitas de Catalunya

L'expulsió dels jesuïtes dels dominis de Carles III a la primavera de 1767 va tenir a Catalunya certes particularitats: retards en l'aplicació del decret a Barcelona, Cervera i Manresa; dificultats en el trasllat dels jesuïtes catalans fins al noviciat deTarragona; pressions als novicis per a forçar l'abandonament de l'ordre, i el destacat paper de l'intendent Juan Felipe Castaños en la preparació de l'embarcament a Salou. Es detalla amb precisió el nombre de jesuïtes catalans enviats a l'exili i es descriu la peripècia del seu viatge, ja que l'arribada a Ferrara, destinació definitiva a Itàlia, només va esdevenir-se al setembre de 1768,després d'un traumàtic pas per l'illa deCòrsega.Entre els exiliats catalans es trobaven destacats erudits, comNuix i Perpinyà, Llampillas,Gallisà, Pla, Gustà i Joan Francesc Masdeu, entre d'altres. El retorn dels exiliats catalans supervivents solament va ser possible l'any 1815, després que PiusVII restaurés la Companyia.The expulsion and exile of the jesuits in Catalonia. The expulsion of the Jesuits in the dominions of Charles III in the spring of 1767, had some peculiarities in Catalonia: delays in the application of the decree in cities like Barcelona, Cervera and Manresa, difficulties in the transfer of the Catalan Jesuits to the novitiate of Tarragona, pressures to force the abandonment of the order to these youngmen, and the prominent role of Juan Felipe Castaños, the local governor, in the preparations for the embarking in Salou. It specifies the number of Catalans Jesuits exiled and it describes the difficulties of their journey, since their arrival in Ferrara, the city of their final destination in Italy, takes place in September 1768, after spending a hard time in the island of Corsica. Among the Catalans exiled were great scholars, like Nuix i Perpinyà, Llampillas, Gallisá, Pla, Gustá or Joan Francesc Masdeu. The return of the Catalan exiled who survived was only possible in 1815, upon the restoration of the Society of Jesus by Pio VII

Factors that affect quality of work life of the millennials linked to the commercial sector in Colombia

The present investigation has two aims: (1) to empirically examine the factors that affect QWL among the millennials working in the commercial sector in Colombia and (2) to investigate the role of a set of individual differences as moderators (for example, gender, educational level and type of contract) in a complete QWL model, based on the methodology of (Tarhini, Hone, & Liu, 2014). The instrument used was the Work Quality of Life Tool (Wage and Subjective Conditions) which has been validated in the previous studies. The total of 1,163 surveys were conducted with workers from the commercial sector in Colombia who belong to the generation Y or the millennial generation, that is, born between 1981 and 2000. The results show that training, promotion, wages and the relationship of the individual with their work directly and positively affect the quality of work life in the study sample. We conduct a confirmatory factor analysis based on structural equations, revealing that the majority of the hypothesis associated with gender, educational level and type of contract were supported. This study serves to support the establishment of programs, projects and management plans to generate adequate use of the talents and skills of the millennials and thus create challenging and satisfactory jobs that increase organizational productivity. © 2021, Centre of Sociological Research. All rights reserved

Factors that affect quality of work life of the millennials linked to the commercial sector in Colombia

The present investigation has two aims: (1) to empirically examine the factors that affect QWL among the millennials working in the commercial sector in Colombia and (2) to investigate the role of a set of individual differences as moderators (for example, gender, educational level and type of contract) in a complete QWL model, based on the methodology of (Tarhini, Hone, & Liu, 2014). The instrument used was the Work Quality of Life Tool (Wage and Subjective Conditions) which has been validated in the previous studies. The total of 1,163 surveys were conducted with workers from the commercial sector in Colombia who belong to the generation Y or the millennial generation, that is, born between 1981 and 2000. The results show that training, promotion, wages and the relationship of the individual with their work directly and positively affect the quality of work life in the study sample. We conduct a confirmatory factor analysis based on structural equations, revealing that the majority of the hypothesis associated with gender, educational level and type of contract were supported. This study serves to support the establishment of programs, projects and management plans to generate adequate use of the talents and skills of the millennials and thus create challenging and satisfactory jobs that increase organizational productivity

Supercritical Impregnation of Ketoprofen into Polylactic Acid for Biomedical Application: Analysis and Modeling of the Release Kinetic

Ketoprofen (KET) is an anti-inflammatory drug often used in medicine due to its analgesic and antipyretic effects. If it is administered in a controlled form by means of different dosing devices, it acts throughout the patient's recovery period improving its efficacy. This study intends to support the use of supercritical solvent impregnation (SSI) as an efficient technique to develop polylactic acid (PLA) functionalized with ketoprofen, for use as controlled drug release devices. For this purpose, firstly, the influence of different SSI variables on the desirable swelling of the polymer structure, while avoiding their foaming, were evaluated. Then, the resulting ketoprofen loading was evaluated under different pressure/temperature conditions. It was generally found that as pressure and temperature are higher, the drug impregnation loads also increase. The maximum impregnation loads (at about 9% KET/PLA) were obtained at 200 bar and 75 degrees C. In vitro drug release tests of the impregnated compound were also carried out, and it was found that drug release profiles were also dependent on the specific pressure and temperature conditions used for the impregnation of each polymer filament

Use of Winemaking By-Products for the Functionalization of Polylactic Acid for Biomedical Applications

The addition of naturally active compounds to implantable polymers is an efficient strategy against inflammation issues that might lead to rejection, while promoting controlled re-endothelialization of the tissues. This work proposes the use of winemaking by-products with high active properties of biomedical interest to obtain bioactive PLA by using supercritical technologies. First, two red grape pomace extracts, obtained by high-pressure extraction with supercritical CO2 and cosolvents (either ethanol or water–ethanol), have been studied. Second, two impregnation methods have been studied with both extracts, traditional supercritical CO2-assisted impregnation (SSI) and a novel pressurized soaking method (PSI). The amount of extract impregnated as well as the bioactivity levels achieved—i.e., antioxidant, antimicrobial, and anti-inflammatory properties— have been determined for each extract and impregnation method at different pressure and temperature conditions. Both extracts obtained had good antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antibacterial capacities, especially the hydroethanolic one (0.50 ± 0.03 mg TE/g versus 0.24 ± 0.03 mg TE/g, respectively). Regarding impregnated filaments, impregnation loadings depended especially on the extract and P/T conditions, providing up to 8% (extract mass/polymer mass) of impregnation. The antioxidant capacity increased noteworthily by using the ethanolic extract by PSI, with values near 100 µg TE/g PLA

Supercritical Impregnation of PLA Filaments with Mango Leaf Extract to Manufacture Functionalized Biomedical Devices by 3D Printing

Polylactic Acid (PLA) filaments impregnated with ethanolic mango leaves extract (MLE) with pharmacological properties were obtained by supercritical impregnation. The effects of pressure, temperature and amount of extract on the response variables, i.e., swelling, extract loading and bioactivity of the PLA filaments, were determined. The analysis of the filaments biocapacities revealed that impregnated PLA filaments showed 11.07% antidenaturant capacity and 88.13% antioxidant activity, which after a 9-day incubation shifted to 30.10% and 9.90%, respectively. Subsequently, the same tests were conducted on printed samples. Before their incubation, the printed samples showed 79.09% antioxidant activity and no antidenaturant capacity was detected. However, after their incubation, the antioxidant activity went down to only 2.50%, while the antidenaturant capacity raised up to 23.50%. The persistence of the bioactive properties after printing opens the possibility of using the functionalized PLA filaments as the feed for a three-dimensional (3D) printer.This work is part of a project granted by the Junta de Andalucia (P18-RT-3272) through its financing by the FEDER funds 2014-2020

Estrategias pedagógicas inclusivas y su aporte en el aprendizaje de los estudiantes con necesidades educativas especiales (Física- Motora)

La educación inclusiva se enmarca en el contexto de una educación para todos, especialmente en el caso de los estudiantes con necesidades educativas especiales asociada a la discapacidad física-motriz, la investigación permitirá indagar de qué manera tuvieron acceso a la educación los alumnos con necesidades especiales, si acaso existió algún tipo de inconvenientes o se realizó en igualdad de condiciones. El presente artículo denominado, “Estrategias pedagógicas inclusiva y su aporte al aprendizaje de los estudiantes con discapacidad física-motriz” tiene como fin investigar y determinar las necesidades educativas de los alumnos con capacidades especiales, de esta manera conocer sus necesidades educativas y virtudes personales que tienen los alumnos con el fin de que puedan obtener un mejor aprendizaje en los alumnos. El presente trabajo es realizado en base a la técnica de análisis e investigación, con el fin de examinar cuales son las estrategias pedagógicas ajustables a los estudiantes que tienen necesidades educativas especiales, y de esta manera se puedan desarrollar sus habilidades y destrezas, de acuerdo al interés de los alumnos. Incluir estudiantes con capacidades limitadas, es una manera de demostrar la igualdad de condiciones que tienen toda nuestra niñez y adolescencia al acceso a la educación y deducir que los demás tienen derecho al aprendizaje y conocimiento basado al programa toda una vida. Este articulo demuestra las consultas obtenidas con este modelo de estudiantes, que el tener capacidades limitadas no es un problema para adquirir conocimientos, al igual que los demás estudiantes

Adaptación de un modelo de evaluación e implementación de una herramienta software para la evaluación del Nasa Yuwe

A partir de la caracterización y las necesidades de la comunidad Nasa se plantea la aplicación de un modelo de evaluación y la implementación de una herramienta software que soporte el modelo de evaluación adaptado. En el artículo se describe el modelo de evaluación que se propone, así como los elementos de la construcción de la herramienta mencionada: su arquitectura y los servicios que se ofrecen en la plataforma que soporta la Comunidad Virtual. También se presenta la adaptación de la herramienta weka a la herramienta implementada y los resultados logrados gracias a dicha operación