Grands aménagements hydroagricoles, inégalités environnementales et participation : le cas de Bagré au Burkina Faso

Cet article s'intéresse aux dynamiques sociales et environnementales liées au développement de l'irrigation en Afrique subsaharienne, à travers l'étude de cas de Bagré au Burkina Faso. Nous présentons les résultats d'un projet de recherche associant sciences sociales et démarches participatives et visant à renforcer le rôle que les populations affectées peuvent avoir dans les décisions concernant le développement des infrastructures irriguées. L'approche a permis d'identifier certains des principes de justice mobilisés par ces populations vis-à-vis du processus de compensation lors de la construction d'infrastructure hydroagricole. Nos recherches soulignent notamment que les personnes affectées par le projet (PAP) lient la légitimité d'obtenir des parcelles dans le nouveau système d'irrigation à la durée et à la nature des droits coutumiers que les individus ont sur la terre. Elles révèlent également l'importance de la concertation dans la définition de règles de compensation tenant compte des besoins des générations futures. Ces points de vue étaient insuffisamment pris en compte dans les projets de développement de l'irrigation de Bagré des années 1990 et 2000. Depuis, et conformément à la politique de sauvegarde sociale de la banque mondiale, l'agence chargée de superviser le développement de l'irrigation dans cette région a intégré certains de ces principes dans ses pratiques. Pourtant, dans le cadre d'un projet de " pôle de croissance ", le choix délibéré d'attribuer une grande partie des futures superficies irriguées à des agro-entrepreneurs exerce une pression indue sur des ressources foncières déjà rares et constitue un risque d'aggravation des inégalités environnementales existantes et de création de nouvelles vulnérabilités. Cela est d'autant plus problématique que les projets de développement de l'agro-entreprenariat tardent à se concrétiser et pourraient bien ne pas constituer le déclencheur d'un développement économique régional comme l'espèrent la banque mondiale et le Gouvernement du Burkina Faso

Community-based interventions targeting multiple forms of malnutrition among adolescents in low-income and middle-income countries:protocol for a scoping review

Background:Adolescent malnutrition is a significant public health challenge in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs), with long-term consequences for health and development. Community-based interventions have the potential to address multiple forms of malnutrition and improve the health outcomes of adolescents. However, there is a limited understanding of the content, implementation and effectiveness of these interventions. This scoping review aims to synthesise evidence on community-based interventions targeting multiple forms of malnutrition among adolescents in LMICs and describe their effects on nutrition and health. Methods and analysis:A comprehensive search strategy will be implemented in multiple databases including MEDLINE (through PubMed), Embase, CENTRAL (through Cochrane Library) and grey literature, covering the period from 1 January 2000 to 14 July 2023. We will follow the Participants, Concept and Context model to design the search strategy. The inclusion criteria encompass randomised controlled trials and quasi-experimental studies focusing on adolescents aged 10–19 years. Various types of interventions, such as micronutrient supplementation, nutrition education, feeding interventions, physical activity and community environment interventions, will be considered. Two reviewers will perform data extraction independently, and, where relevant, risk of bias assessment will be conducted using standard Cochrane risk-of-bias tools. We will follow the PRISMA Extension for Scoping Reviews checklist while reporting results. Ethics and dissemination:The scope of this scoping review is restricted to publicly accessible databases that do not require prior ethical approval for access. The findings of this review will be shared through publications in peer-reviewed journals, and presentations at international and regional conferences and stakeholder meetings in LMICs.</p

Community-based interventions targeting multiple forms of malnutrition among adolescents in low-income and middle-income countries:protocol for a scoping review

Background:Adolescent malnutrition is a significant public health challenge in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs), with long-term consequences for health and development. Community-based interventions have the potential to address multiple forms of malnutrition and improve the health outcomes of adolescents. However, there is a limited understanding of the content, implementation and effectiveness of these interventions. This scoping review aims to synthesise evidence on community-based interventions targeting multiple forms of malnutrition among adolescents in LMICs and describe their effects on nutrition and health. Methods and analysis:A comprehensive search strategy will be implemented in multiple databases including MEDLINE (through PubMed), Embase, CENTRAL (through Cochrane Library) and grey literature, covering the period from 1 January 2000 to 14 July 2023. We will follow the Participants, Concept and Context model to design the search strategy. The inclusion criteria encompass randomised controlled trials and quasi-experimental studies focusing on adolescents aged 10–19 years. Various types of interventions, such as micronutrient supplementation, nutrition education, feeding interventions, physical activity and community environment interventions, will be considered. Two reviewers will perform data extraction independently, and, where relevant, risk of bias assessment will be conducted using standard Cochrane risk-of-bias tools. We will follow the PRISMA Extension for Scoping Reviews checklist while reporting results. Ethics and dissemination:The scope of this scoping review is restricted to publicly accessible databases that do not require prior ethical approval for access. The findings of this review will be shared through publications in peer-reviewed journals, and presentations at international and regional conferences and stakeholder meetings in LMICs.</p