Intraperitoneal administration of nanoparticles containing tocopheryl succinate prevents peritoneal dissemination

Intraperitoneal administration of anticancer nanoparticles is a rational strategy for preventing peritoneal dissemination of colon cancer due to the prolonged retention of nanoparticles in the abdominal cavity. However, instability of nanoparticles in body fluids causes inefficient retention, reducing its anticancer effects. We have previously developed anticancer nanoparticles containing tocopheryl succinate, which showed high in vivo stability and multifunctional anticancer effects. In the present study, we have demonstrated that peritoneal dissemination derived from colon cancer was prevented by intraperitoneal administration of tocopheryl succinate nanoparticles. The biodistribution of tocopheryl succinate nanoparticles was evaluated using inductively coupled plasma mass spectroscopy and imaging analysis in mice administered quantum dot encapsulated tocopheryl succinate nanoparticles. Intraperitoneal administration of tocopheryl succinate nanoparticles showed longer retention in the abdominal cavity than by its intravenous (i.v.) administration. Moreover, due to effective biodistribution, tumor growth was prevented by intraperitoneal administration of tocopheryl succinate nanoparticles. Furthermore, the anticancer effect was attributed to the inhibition of cancer cell proliferation and improvement of the intraperitoneal microenvironment, such as decrease in the levels of vascular endothelial growth factor A, interleukin 10, and M2-like phenotype of tumor-associated macrophages. Collectively, intraperitoneal administration of tocopheryl succinate nanoparticles is expected to have multifaceted antitumor effects against colon cancer with peritoneal dissemination

地方都市の二次救急医療機関における救急外来受診者の実態

　地方都市の二次救急医療機関における救急外来の受診者の実態を明らかにし，患者教育を含めた保健福祉医療の連携の在り方を含めて考察することを目的とした．結果，受診者総数は2715名，平均年齢59.4歳であった．受診者の割合は，60 歳以上は1616名（59.5%），60 歳未満は1099名（40.5%）であった．全体受診者の主な疾患特性として「交通外傷を含む外傷」が最も多く，「てんかん・痙攣・意識障害」「骨折」「脳卒中」「悪性新生物」「心肺停止・自殺企図」「心筋梗塞・狭心症」が挙がった．また，60 歳以上の受診者が主な疾患別受診者の割合の中で多くの人数を占めていた．これらから，地方都市の二次救急医療施設における外来受診者の疾患特性やライフステージの特性を理解した上で，医療連携をスムーズにする管理体制を整える必要性が示唆された．また，外傷ケアプログラムの充実をはじめ，地域住民を含めたプレホスピタルケアを浸透させる教育体制を整えることや健康管理を充実させる必要があること等が示された．　This survey aimed to clarify the conditions of outpatients at the Secondary Medical Emergency in a local city. Also it aimed to evaluate what should be of the integration of the health welfare medical treatment including the patient education. The total of those who consulted a physician was 2,715 people, and average age 59.4 years old. In this number, 60 or more was 1,616 people (59.5%), and less than 60 was 1,099 person (40.5%). Their chief complaints were traffic injury and injury, epilepsy, convulsion, impaired consciousness, Fracture, stroke, malignant neoplasm, cardiac arrest, attempted suicide , and myocardial infarction and angina. From the above survey, patient’s chief complaints and disease-characteristic could be evaluated, Patient’s life stage suggests the system of care management in order to integrate the medical treatment cooperation. Moreover, at community area it was suggested that the traumatic caring program and pre-hospital care as patient education should be enhanced

Prevention of Adoptively Transferred Diabetes in Nonobese Diabetic Mice with IL-10–Transduced Islet-specific Th1 Lymphocytes A Gene Therapy Model for Autoimmune Diabetes

Four pancreatic islet-specific CD4+ helper T (Th) 1 (Th1) clones and two Th1 clones transduced with an SRα promoter-linked murine IL-10 (mIL-10) cDNA of 2.0–6.0×10[6] cells were adoptively transferred to nonobese diabetic (NOD) mice at age 8 d. Cyclophosphamide (CY) was administered at age 37 d (plus CY), and the incidence of diabetes and the histological grade of insulitis were examined at age 47 d. After the adoptive transfer of IL-10–transduced Th1 cells, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and reversetranscription (RT)-PCR detected the neo gene and the retrovirus vector-mediated IL-10 mRNA in situ in recipient islets, respectively. RT-PCR detected the decrease of IFN-γ mRNA relative to IL-10 mRNA in IL-10–transduced Th1 clones in vitro and also in recipient islets. All four wild type Th1 clones plus CY induced the insulitis grade of 2.75 and diabetes in 66% of recipient NOD mice. IL-10–transduced two Th1 clones plus CY induced periinsulitis with the grade of 1.43 and diabetes in 8.0%. The 1:1 mixture of wild type Th1 cells and IL-10–transduced Th1 cells plus CY induced periinsulitis with the grade of 1.85 and diabetes in 20%. The suppression of diabetes through decreasing IFN-γ mRNA by the tissue-specific delivery of IL-10 to pancreatic islets with IL-10–transduced Th1 cells affords us the starting basis to develop the gene therapy for autoimmune diabetes

Association of dietary fiber intake with subsequent fasting glucose levels and indicators of adiposity in school-age Japanese children

Abstract Objective: To evaluate the relationships of fiber intake with subsequent body mass index SD-score, waist-to-height ratio, and serum fasting glucose levels among school-age Japanese children. Design: A prospective study of school-age Japanese children. Participants were followed from 6–7 to 9–10 years of age (follow-up rate: 92.0%). Fiber intake was assessed using a validated food frequency questionnaire. Serum fasting glucose was measured by a hexokinase enzymatic method. Using a general linear model, the associations between dietary fiber intake at baseline and body mass index SD-score, waist-to-height ratio, and serum levels of fasting glucose at follow-up were evaluated after considering potential confounding factors. Setting: Public elementary schools in a city in Japan Participants: A total of 2,784 students. Results: The estimated means for fasting glucose at 9–10 years of age were 86.45, 85.68, 85.88, and 85.58 mg/dl in the lowest, second, third, and highest quartile of fiber intake at 6–7 years of age, respectively (p= 0.033, trend p= 0.018). Higher fiber intake at 6–7 years of age was associated with lower waist-to-height ratio at 9–10 years of age (trend p= 0.023). The change in fiber intake was inversely associated with concurrent change of body mass index SD-score (trend p= 0.044). Conclusion: These results suggest that dietary fiber intake may be potentially effective to limit excess weight gain and lower glucose levels during childhood

Peribacteroid solution of soybean root nodules partly induces genomic loci for differentiation into bacteroids of free-living <i>Bradyrhizobium japonicum</i> cells

<div><p></p><p>In leguminous root nodules, rhizobia differentiate into morphology specific to symbiosis, called bacteroids. As bacteroids are surrounded with peribacteroid membranes filled with peribacteroid solution (PBS), it is considered that PBS contains substances inducing differentiation of rhizobia into bacteroids. In this study, genome-wide expression profiles of <i>Bradyrhizobium japonicum</i> cells cultured in PBS purified from root nodule of soybean (<i>Glycine max</i> L.) were compared with those of bacteroids using macroarray. PBS treatment preferentially induced regions in a large symbiosis island including various symbiosis relevant genes such as <i>nod, fix, nol</i> and <i>noe</i>, in which 75% of regions were commonly induced in bacteroids, while general repressions outside of the symbiosis island seen in bacteroids were not observed in PBS treated cells. The present results suggest that PBS contained some, but not all, substances inducing expression of the genes which are involved in differentiation into bacteroids.</p></div

Variants in KCNQ1 are associated with susceptibility to type 2 diabetes mellitus

We carried out a multistage genome-wide association study of type 2 diabetes mellitus in Japanese individuals, with a total of 1,612 cases and 1,424 controls and 100,000 SNPs. The most significant association was obtained with SNPs in KCNQ1, and dense mapping within the gene revealed that rs2237892 in intron 15 showed the lowest Pvalue (6.7 x 10(-13), odds ratio (OR) = 1.49). The association of KCNQ1 with type 2 diabetes was replicated in populations of Korean, Chinese and European ancestry as well as in two independent Japanese populations, and meta-analysis with a total of 19,930 individuals (9,569 cases and 10,361 controls) yielded a P value of 1.7 x 10(-42) (OR = 1.40; 95% CI = 1.34-1.47) for rs2237892. Among control subjects, the risk allele of this polymorphism was associated with impairment of insulin secretion according to the homeostasis model assessment of beta-cell function or the corrected insulin response. Our data thus implicate KCNQ1 as a diabetes susceptibility gene in groups of different ancestries

Ideological manipulation in interlingual subtitling: the Japanese-Italian translation of a ny\u16bh\u101fu genderlect in the movie \u2018Close-Knit\u2019 by Ogigami Naoko.

This study focuses on the translation of the genderlect uttered by the transgender protagonist of the Japanese movie Close-Knit directed by Ogigami Naoko (2017) within the context of interlingual subtitling in the Japanese-Italian language pair. According to recent research in the field of AVT, gender translation may disclose important clues about the way identity-related issues are perceived in a source and in a target language. In particular, the rendition of \uabliquid\ubb genderlects challenges the belief that Japanese society is naturally divided into two sexes/genders and that there are two separate linguistic codes for female and male speakers. By utilizing a constructionist framework which treats gender as a complex and fluid cultural construct, this study intends to stress the importance of disentangling gender norms from dominant heterosexist discourses and how sociocultural markers of the spoken language, need effective transposition in subtitles. Especially, when gender issues emerging from Japanese movies must be translated for non-English speaking target audiences