A new combined approach to improved lipid production using a strictly aerobic and oleaginous yeast

Microbial lipids have potential applications in energy, and food industry, because most of those lipids are triacylglycerol with long-chain fatty-acids that are comparable to conventional vegetable oils and can be obtained without arable land requirement. Rhodosporidium toruloides is a strictly aerobic strain, where oxygen plays a crucial role in growth, maintenance, and metabolite production, such as lipids and carotenoids. Dissolved oxygen concentration is one of the major factors affecting yeast physiological and biochemical characteristics. In this context, different approaches have been developed to increase available oxygen by the increasing the aeration and the addition of an oxygen-vector. The growth of R. toruloides in 2-L mechanical stirred tank reactor equipped with 1 or 2 porous spargers and a 70 C/N ratio, revealed a lipid content of 0.47 and 0.52 g/g and a lipidic productivity of 0.16 and 0.17 g/L day, respectively. The oxygen-vector addition, increased the lipidic productivity for 0.20 g/L day and a lipid contend of 0.51 g of lipids/g of biomass. The combined approach, combining high aeration (AA), and 1% of n-dodecane addition (DA), produced a significant improvement in the lipid accumulation (62%, w/w), when compared with the DA (51%, w/w) and the AA (52%, w/w) approaches. The increasing of lipids accumulation and smaller culture time are key factors for the success of scale-up and profitability of a bioprocess.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Characterization of kefir-like beverages produced from vegetable juices

The aim of this work was to develop new non-dairy fermented beverages using vegetable juices as fermentable substrates. Carrot, fennel, melon, onion, tomato and strawberry juices underwent backslopping fermentations, carried out by water kefir microorganisms. Results indicated that lactic acid bacteria and yeasts were capable of growing in the juices tested. Melon juice registered the highest numbers of microorganisms. Almost all juices underwent a lactic fermentation. After fermentation, there was observance of a decrease of the soluble solid content and an increase of the number of volatile organic compounds. In particular, esters were present in high amounts after the fermentation, especially in strawberry, onion and melon, whereas carrot and fennel registered a significant increase of terpenes. The concentration of alcohols increased, while that of aldehydes decreased. Changes in colour attributes were registered. Strawberry, onion and tomato juices retained a high antioxidant activity after fermentation. The overall quality assessment indicated that carrot kefir-like beverage (KLB) was the product mostly appreciated by the judges. These findings support the further development of vegetable KLBs with additional benefits and functional properties

A propos d'un cas pédiatrique d'hyponatrémie chronique par sécrétion inappropriée d'hormone antidiurétique ((revue de la littérature))

LILLE2-BU Santé-Recherche (593502101) / SudocPARIS-BIUM (751062103) / SudocSudocFranceF

Caractérisation de 118 variétés de cotonnier (Gossypium hirsutum) en condition de déficit hydrique au Togo: Characterization of 118 cotton varieties (Gossypium hirsutum) under water deficit conditions in Togo

Le déficit hydrique est le principal facteur abiotique qui limite la productivité des cultures dans les conditions de l'agriculture pluviale. L’objectif de cette étude a été d’identifier les variétés de cotonnier (Gossypium. hirsutum) tolérantes au déficit hydrique au Togo. Pour cela, 117 accessions et une variété témoin de G. hirsutum ont été caractérisées sous les régimes hydriques optimal et déficitaire. Le dispositif expérimental a été un Alpha lattice avec 120 objets en trois répétitions. Onze caractéristiques agromorphologiques ont été mesurées. Les indices de sensibilité (DSI) et de tolérance (STI) au déficit ont été calculés. Les résultats ont révélé une grande variabilité au déficit hydrique au sein des accessions testées. Le déficit hydrique a entrainé une réduction du rendement en coton graine de 85%. Par ailleurs, nous avons noté qu’en condition de déficit, le rendement a été corrélé négativement avec le DSI et positivement avec les indices STI et GMP. Quatre groupes de variétés ont été distingués. Il s’agit des variétés tolérantes à haut ou faible potentiel de production et des variétés sensibles à haut ou faible potentiel de production. Les variétés tolérantes à haut potentiel de production constituent une source importante de géniteurs, pour l’amélioration de la résistance au déficit hydrique des variétés vulgarisées au Togo. Drought is the major abiotic factor limiting crop productivity in rainfed agriculture conditions. This study aimed to identify cotton varieties (Gossypium hirsutum) tolerant to water deficit in Togo. For this purpose, 117 accessions of G. hirsutum and one check variety were characterized under optimal and deficit water conditions. The check variety was repeated three times to have 120 objects. The experiment was arranged in Alpha lattice design with 120 objects and three replications. Eleven agromorphological traits were measured. The water deficit susceptibility index (DSI) and tolerance index (STI) were calculated. The results revealed a high variability within the tested accessions to water deficit. The water deficit resulted in a 85% reduction in seed cotton yield due to a decrease in the number of capsules per plant and average capsular weight. The results also showed that, under deficit conditions, yield was negatively correlated with DSI and positively correlated with STI. Four groups of varieties were distinguished. These were tolerant varieties with high or low production potential; susceptible varieties with high or low production potential. The tolerant varieties with high production potential constitute an important source of genes for the improvement of the resistance to water deficit of the cotton cultivars of Togo

Flux Balance Analysis Inspired Bioprocess Upgrading for Lycopene Production by a Metabolically Engineered Strain of Yarrowia lipolytica

Genome-scale metabolic models embody a significant advantage of systems biology since their applications as metabolic flux simulation models enable predictions for the production of industrially-interesting metabolites. The biotechnological production of lycopene from Yarrowia lipolytica is an emerging scope that has not been fully scrutinized, especially for what concerns cultivation conditions of newly generated engineered strains. In this study, by combining flux balance analysis (FBA) and Plackett-Burman design, we screened chemicals for lycopene production from a metabolically engineered strain of Y. lipolytica. Lycopene concentrations of 126 and 242 mg/L were achieved correspondingly from the FBA-independent and the FBA-assisted designed media in fed-batch cultivation mode. Transcriptional studies revealed upregulations of heterologous genes in media designed according to FBA, thus implying the efficiency of model predictions. Our study will potentially support upgraded lycopene and other terpenoids production from existing or prospect bioengineered strains of Y. lipolytica and/or closely related yeast species