Negativity in delayed affective recall is related to the borderline personality trait

The present study assessed selected factors that contribute to the recollection of emotional memories over time. Participants with high-trait borderline personality disorder (BPD) watched a randomly selected positive, negative, or neutral character in a video clip (stimulus) and were asked to recall the content immediately, then 2, 4, and 6 days later. In the final sample (N = 558, average age: 33 years, 65% female), general impression had the strongest effect on recall after accounting for the effect of current mood, extremity of the responses, and level of BPD, regardless of stimulus valence. The level of BPD had an effect only when negative evaluative wording (e.g., "guilty") was used. In conclusion, people with high-trait BPD tend to remember negative stimuli more negatively over time (unlike neutral or positive stimuli), and this effect is mostly related to general impression.Peer Reviewe

Wie man die Vergangenheit mit Hilfe der Oral History nacherzählen kann

This paper considers the method of oral history within the qualitative approach to research. It also sheds lights on its relevance in historical documentation. Oral history is a method of historical documentation, within which the researcher conducts interviews with living participants and observers of the time being investigated. It collects information about the past not available in written records about certain events. The method involves interviewing, recording and transcribing eyewitness’ accounts of historical events, which provides a special perspective on an event. The nature of memory – both individual and community – is part of the collected oral history. Oral history can reveal how individual values and actions shaped the past and how the past shapes present-day values and actions. It is an invaluable resource for understanding individual experiences, or experiences of a group within a certain historical period. This method cannot be used as a surrogate for analysis of traditional historical written materials (official documents, letters, etc.). It can, however, reveal the role of individuals in shaping the past and the way larger trends are related to the individual himself.Ovaj rad razmatra metodološki postupak usmene povijesti unutar kvalitativnog pristupa istraživanjima. Također ukazuje na njegovu važnost u povijesnoj dokumentaciji. Usmena povijest postupak je povijesne dokumentacije unutar koje istraživač provodi intervjue sa živućim sudionicima i promatračima vremena koje se istražuje. Skupljaju se informacije o prošlosti koje nisu dostupne u pisanim zapisima o određenim događajima. Taj postupak uključuje intervjuiranje, snimanje i transkripciju iskaza svjedoka, što daje posebnu perspektivu određenom događaju. Priroda sjećanja – individualnog i kolektivnog – dio je prikupljene usmene povijesti. Usmena povijest može otkriti kako su individualne vrijednosti i radnje oblikovale prošlost i kako prošlost oblikuje današnje vrijednosti i radnje. Ona je dragocjeno sredstvo razumijevanja individualnih iskustava ili iskustava određene skupine unutar određenog povijesnog razdoblja. Taj postupak ne može se koristiti kao zamjena za analizu tradicionalnih povijesnih pisanih materijala (službenih dokumenata, pisama itd.), no može otkriti ulogu pojedinca u oblikovanju prošlosti i način na koji su veći trendovi povezani sa samim pojedincem.Dieser Beitrag behandelt das methodische Verfahren der Oral History innerhalb des qualitativen Forschungsansatzes. Er verweist auch auf ihre Bedeutung in den historischen Dokumenten. Die Oral History ist ein historisches Dokumentationsverfahren, bei dem der Forscher Interviews mit lebenden Beteiligten und Beobachtern der erforschenden Zeit führt. Es werden Informationen über Vergangenheit gesammelt, die in schriftlichen Aufzeichnungen über bestimmte Ereignisse nicht zur Verfügung stehen. Dieses Verfahren umfasst Interviews, Aufzeichnung und Transkription der Zeugenaussagen, was einem bestimmten Ereignis eine besondere Perspektive verleiht. Die Natur des Gedächtnisses - individuell und kollektiv - ist Teil der gesammelten mündlichen Überlieferungen. Die Oral History kann zeigen wie die individuellen Werte und Aktionen die Vergangenheit geprägt haben und wie die Vergangenheit die heutigen Werte und Handlungen formt. Es ist ein wertvolles Mittel zum Verständnis der individuellen Erfahrungen oder der Erfahrungen bestimmter Gruppen innerhalb einer bestimmten historischen Periode. Dieses Verfahren kann nicht als Ersatz für die Analyse der traditionellen historischen schriftlichen Materialien (offizielle Dokumente, Briefe, etc.) verwendet werden, jedoch kann es die Rolle der Einzelperson bei der Gestaltung der Vergangenheit aufdecken und die Art und Weise enthüllen, auf die die größeren Trends mit der Einzelperson verbunden sind

Myoblast Migration and Directional Persistence Affected by Syndecan-4-Mediated Tiam-1 Expression and Distribution

Skeletal muscle is constantly renewed in response to injury, exercise, or muscle diseases. Muscle stem cells, also known as satellite cells, are stimulated by local damage to proliferate extensively and form myoblasts that then migrate, differentiate, and fuse to form muscle fibers. The transmembrane heparan sulfate proteoglycan syndecan-4 plays multiple roles in signal transduction processes, such as regulating the activity of the small GTPase Rac1 (Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1) by binding and inhibiting the activity of Tiam1 (T-lymphoma invasion and metastasis-1), a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Rac1. The Rac1-mediated actin remodeling is required for cell migration. Syndecan-4 knockout mice cannot regenerate injured muscle; however, the detailed underlying mechanism is unknown. Here, we demonstrate that shRNA-mediated knockdown of syndecan-4 decreases the random migration of mouse myoblasts during live-cell microscopy. Treatment with the Rac1 inhibitor NSC23766 did not restore the migration capacity of syndecan-4 silenced cells; in fact, it was further reduced. Syndecan-4 knockdown decreased the directional persistence of migration, abrogated the polarized, asymmetric distribution of Tiam1, and reduced the total Tiam1 level of the cells. Syndecan-4 affects myoblast migration via its role in expression and localization of Tiam1; this finding may facilitate greater understanding of the essential role of syndecan-4 in the development and regeneration of skeletal muscle

Exercise Increases Markers of Spermatogenesis in Rats Selectively Bred for Low Running Capacity

The oxidative stress effect of exercise training on testis function is under debate. In the present study we used a unique rat model system developed by artificial selection for low and high intrinsic running capacity (LCR and HCR, respectively) to evaluate the effects of exercise training on apoptosis and spermatogenesis in testis. Twenty-four 13-month-old male rats were assigned to four groups: control LCR (LCR-C), trained LCR (LCR-T), control HCR (HCR-C), and trained HCR (HCR-T). Ten key proteins connecting aerobic exercise capacity and general testes function were assessed, including those that are vital for mitochondrial biogenesis. The VO2 max of LCR-C group was about 30% lower than that of HCR-C rats, and the SIRT1 levels were also significantly lower than HCR-C. Twelve weeks of training significantly increased maximal oxygen consumption in LCR by nearly 40% whereas HCR remained unchanged. LCR-T had significantly higher levels of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma coactivator-1 (PGC-1α), decreased levels of reactive oxygen species and increased acetylated p53 compared to LCR-C, while training produced no significant changes for these measures in HCR rats. BAX and Blc-2 were not different among all four groups. The levels of outer dense fibers -1 (Odf-1), a marker of spermatogenesis, increased in LCR-T rats, but decreased in HCR-TR rats. Moreover, exercise training increased the levels of lactate dehydrogenase C (LDHC) only in LCR rats. These data suggest that rats with low inborn exercise capacity can increase whole body oxygen consumption and running exercise capacity with endurance training and, in turn, increase spermatogenesis function via reduction in ROS and heightened activity of p53 in testes

Regular chromogranin A monitoring facilitated the early detection of a gastrointestinal neuroendocrine tumour in a patient with type 1 diabetes

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GMAP is an Atg8a-interacting protein that regulates Golgi turnover In Drosophila

Selective autophagy receptors and adapters contain short linear motifs called LIR motifs (LC3-interacting region), which are required for the interaction with the Atg8-family proteins. LIR motifs bind to the hydrophobic pockets of the LIR motif docking site (LDS) of the respective Atg8-family proteins. The physiological significance of LDS docking sites has not been clarified in vivo. Here, we show that Atg8a-LDS mutant Drosophila flies accumulate autophagy substrates and have reduced lifespan. Using quantitative proteomics to identify the proteins that accumulate in Atg8a-LDS mutants, we identify the cis-Golgi protein GMAP (Golgi microtubule-associated protein) as a LIR motif-containing protein that interacts with Atg8a. GMAP LIR mutant flies exhibit accumulation of Golgi markers and elongated Golgi morphology. Our data suggest that GMAP mediates the turnover of Golgi by selective autophagy to regulate its morphology and size via its LIR motif-mediated interaction with Atg8a

The key performance indicators of projection-based light field visualization

At the time of writing this paper, light field visualization has entered the professional environments in the industry and has also become commercially available. It is not yet present on the consumer market, however, and its widespread emergence is expected in the following decade, with affordable end user devices and a vast variety of applications and contents. The successful integration of this technology into people’s everyday lives essentially depends on the visualization quality, which is achieved through excellence in terms of the key performance indicators of the display system and the content it visualizes. In this paper, the key performance indicators of light field visualization for both display and content are reviewed. Beyond providing a comprehensive review of the vital parameters of visualization quality, this paper discusses the ongoing and future relevant research efforts, demonstrates the practical uses of the technology, highlights certain dependencies between the indicators, and addresses issues of perceived quality with regard to the lack of compliance with the requirements and visual thresholds

Traditional Eastern European diet and mortality : prospective evidence from the HAPIEE study

Purpose: cardiovascular disease (CVD) and cancer mortality rates in Eastern Europe are among the highest in the world. Although diet is an important risk factor, traditional eating habits in this region have not yet been explored. This analysis assessed the relationship between traditional dietary pattern and mortality from all-causes, CVD and cancer in Eastern European cohorts. Methods: data from the Health, Alcohol and Psychosocial factors in Eastern Europe prospective cohort were used, including participants from Russia, Poland and the Czech Republic. Based on food frequency questionnaire data, we constructed an Eastern European diet score (EEDS) from nine food groups which can be considered as traditional in this region. The relationship between categorical (low, moderate, high) and continuous (range 0-18) EEDS and mortality was estimated with Cox-regression. Results: from 18,852 eligible participants, 2234 died during follow-up. In multivariable adjusted models, participants with high adherence to the traditional Eastern European diet had significantly higher risk of all-cause (HR 1.23; 95% CI 1.08-1.42) and CVD (1.34; 1.08-1.66) deaths compared to those with low adherence. The association with cancer mortality was only significant in Poland (high vs. low EEDS: 1.41; 1.00-1.98). From the specific EEDS components, high consumption of lard was significantly positively related to all three mortality outcomes, while preserved fruit and vegetable consumption showed consistent inverse associations. Conclusion: our results suggest that traditional eating habits may contribute to the poor health status, particularly the high CVD mortality rates, of populations in Eastern Europe. Adequate public health nutritional interventions in this region are essential