ÖRGÜTSEL DAVRANIŞTA ÇATIŞMA YÖNETİMİ ÇALIŞMALARININ GELİŞİM SÜRECİ

Conflict as a part of daily life is also of concern for the organizations that seek harmony and effectiveness. Therefore, it is essential to know and understand the characteristics, definitions and contributions of conflict management in organizations. This study aims to discuss how conflict as a concept developed in the scope of organizational behavior. Conflict management is analyzed in the frame of various approaches and a comprehensive perspective is presented in order to demonstrate the current understanding of conflict management. The analysis begins with drawing the structure of conflict studies and the study further follows a historical perspective beginning from the 1950s coming to contemporary views.&nbsp

RT-PCR Cycle Threshold for Predicting COVID-19-related Cardiac Complications: A Case-control Study

Introduction: Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) causes several cardiovascular (CV) complications. The cycle threshold (Ct) value of reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction is inversely related to the viral load. Thus, it could be used as a predictor of outcomes. We aimed to present the risk factors for developing CV events and to determine whether the Ct value can be used as a predictor of CV events in patients with COVID-19. Materials and Methods: This case-control study included 296 hospitalized patients with a confirmed COVID-19 infection. The patients were divided into two groups based on the occurrence of CV events: cardiac (n=60) and non-cardiac (n=236). The clinical manifestation, comorbidities history, and laboratory and radiographic findings were compared between the two groups. In order to assess the link between CV complications and Ct values while controlling for confounders, binary logistic regression analysis was used. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was used for estimating the cut-off Ct value for predicting the occurrence of CV events. Results: Approximately 50% of the patients were male. The mean age was 60.85±19.57 years. Binary logistic regression analysis demonstrated that a lower Ct value at the time of admission [odds ratio (OR)=0.836, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.753-0.928, p=0.001], higher troponin level (OR=1.209, 95% CI: 1.050-1.392, p=0.008), smoking history (OR=7.336, 95% CI: 3.34-16.114, p<0.001), advanced age (OR=1.022, 95% CI: 1.001-1.044, p=0.039), and the male sex (OR=2.742, 95% CI: 1.271-5.919, p=0.010) were independent risk factors of CV events in patients with COVID-19. The median Ct for all participants was 24.6 (21-28). The Ct value demonstrated a sensitivity of 72%, specificity of 72%, negative predictive value of 91%, and positive predictive value of 40% for the prediction of CV complications at a cut-off value of 23, according to an ROC curve analysis. Conclusion: A Ct of <23 at the time of admission for COVID-19 could predict the risk of a CV event. Thus, if patients with risk factors for CV events have a Ct of <23 Ct on admission, they should be evaluated by a competent COVID-19 heart team

Clinical efficacy and safety of prolonged versus intermittent administration of antipseudomonal beta-lactam antibiotics in adults with severe acute infections: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

Introduction: In order to compare the clinical efficacy and safety of prolonged versus intermittent antipseudomonal beta-lactam antibiotic infusion for the treatment of severe acute infections in adult patients, a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) was performed. Methods: We systematically searched MEDLINE and Cochrane Library databases until December 2022. The outcomes were all-cause mortality, clinical success, microbiological eradication and adverse events. The pooled risk ratios (RR) were estimated by the fixed or random effect methods according to heterogeneity statistics. The Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) approach was used to evaluate the certainty of evidence for each outcome. Results: Twenty eligible RCTs with 2081 participants were included in the meta-analysis. The risk of all-cause mortality was significantly lower in the prolonged infusion group than in the intermittent infusion group (RR 0.77, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.63–0.95, p = 0.01, I2 = 0%; moderate certainty). Treatment with prolonged infusion showed significant benefit in clinical success (RR 1.09, 95% CI 1.02–1.17, p = 0.008, I2 = 19%; moderate certainty). There were no significant differences in microbiological eradication (RR 1.12, 95% CI 0.99–1.28, p = 0.07, I2 = 49%; low certainty), any adverse events (RR 0.96, 95% CI 0.86–1.08, p = 0.50, I2 = 27%; moderate certainty) and serious adverse events (RR 0.99, 95%CI 0.70–1.39 p = 0.95, I2 = 0%; low certainty). Conclusions: Prolonged antipseudomonal beta-lactam infusion probably decreases all-cause mortality. Additionally, it probably increases clinical success in adults with severe acute infections. This infusion strategy may result in little to no difference in microbiological eradication and is probably not associated with a rise in any adverse events.The evidence suggests that prolonged infusion may not increase serious adverse events

Development Process of Conflict Studies in Organizational Behavior

Conflict as a part of daily life is also of concern for the organizations that seek harmony and effectiveness. Therefore, it is essential to know and understand the characteristics, definitions and contributions of conflict management in organizations. This study aims to discuss how conflict as a concept developed in the scope of organizational behavior. Conflict management is analyzed in the frame of various approaches and a comprehensive perspective is presented in order to demonstrate the current understanding of conflict management. The analysis begins with drawing the structure of conflict studies and the study further follows a historical perspective beginning from the 1950s coming to contemporary views. Keywords: Organizational Behavior, Conflict Management, Conflict Management ModelsÖZETGünlük yaşamın bir parçası olan çatışma, uyum ve etkililik arayışında olan örgütler için de göz önüne alınması gereken bir süreçtir. Bu nedenle, örgütlerde, çatışma yönetiminin özelliklerini, tanımlarını ve katkılarını bilmek ve anlamak büyük öneme sahiptir. Bu çalışma örgütsel davranış kapsamında bir kavram olarak çatışmanın ne şekilde geliştiğini tartışmayı amaçlamaktadır. Çatışma yönetimi farklı yaklaşımlar çerçevesinde analiz edilmekte ve çatışma yönetiminin güncel anlayışını göstermek için kapsamlı bir bakış açısı sunulmaktadır. Analiz çatışma çalışmalarının yapısını ortaya koyarak başlamakta ve çalışma 1950’lerden çağdaş görüşlere tarihsel bir bakış açısını izlemektedir. Anahtar Sözcükler: Örgütsel Davranış, Çatışma Yönetimi, Çatışma Yönetimi Modeller</p

STALKER HARASSMENT; CASE REPORT

Stalking is defined as the act of determining the person as a target and following and communicating with the person repeatedly without his/her consent, creating concern for her safety. Compared to forensic medicine applications, it’s a group that is relatively common in the field of psychiatry, and reporting the results of forensic medical evaluation is rarely done in this respect. The case applied to the clinic with the allegation of mobbing, and besides it’s a rare case in forensic medicine practice due to the characteristics of the event she experienced, it was aimed to discuss the evaluation to be made in such cases in terms of stalking. The 33-year-old female case, working in a company as senior manager, stated that she didn’t accept the proposal of a male employee in another city and in the same position as her, to be her girlfriend and she was verbally threatened by this person afterwards, wandered around her workplace and home and followed her for a long time. In her mental evaluation; It was found that the person was subjected to psychological violence and stalking harassment; the verbal threats and behaviors of the aggressor had a traumatic effect on her mental health for a long time and the action she was exposed to permanently deteriorated the mental health of the person.Stalking is addressed in different areas within the framework of mobbing or violence against women. Considering that in cases of stalking harassment, which doesn’t have a specific legal provision, it may result in the most severe form of violence against women due to its consequences, besides studies on prevention and legal regulation, as highlighted in the case presented, the identification of trauma and forensic medical documentation and also the need for psychiatric follow-up and support in terms of treatment should be considered. Keywords: Stalking harasser, Stalking, Mental trauma, Forensics

The treatment of pharmaceutical wastewater using in a submerged membrane bioreactor under different sludge retention times

The performance of a lab-scale submerged membrane bioreactor system (SMBR) for treating a process wastewater containing the pharmaceutical active compound (PhAc) etodolac with four different microfiltration (MF) membranes (MP005, MV02, CA, and MCE) was investigated at three different sludge retention times (SRTs) under constant pressure. In the first phase of the study, the continuous bioreactor system was operated at SRTs of 15 and 30 days and without sludge wasting (WSW). After steady state conditions were reached, the SMBR process was started as the second phase. Short-term filtration (24 h) tests were conducted for each SRT. When the SRTs were increased, both permeate volumes and steady-state flux values increased. The best etodolac removals were obtained in case of WSW for both bioreactor system and SMBR. The etodolac removals achieved by the different membranes for the period WSW were observed in the following order: MV02 = MP005 > CA = MCE. In addition, the chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal efficiencies for bioreactor system and SMBR were approximately 80 +/- 2% and 86 +/- 2%, respectively, at all SRTs. The COD removals at each of the three SRTs were similar for all of the membranes. Extracellular polymeric substances (EPSs) and soluble microbial products (SMPs) were analyzed as fouling control factors. Increasing the SRT caused increases in sludge concentrations in the SMBR as well as in increased etodolac removal, while EPS and SMP protein and carbohydrate concentrations decreased. Fouling on the pores and surfaces of the membranes were characterized using a Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), an Atomic Force Microscope (AFM), a Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and contact angle measurements. The resistance in series model was used to evaluate the flux decline caused by the gel layer, cake resistance, and internal pore blocking in the MF membranes at the three different SRTs. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved