Diversity, prevalence and intensity of gastro-intestinal helminths parasitizing goats in abattoir of the Central Market of Douala

Gastrointestinal parasites are among the major threats to livestock health and production. The objective of this study was to determine the diversity, the prevalence and mean intensity of gastrointestinal helminths and associated risk factors in goats in abattoir of Douala-Cameroon central market. The digestive tracts of 73 randomly selected goats were examined for helminth parasites using the standard parasitological procedure. A total of 11 species belonging to the class Nematoda (7 species), Trematoda (Paramphistomum spp) and Cestoda (3 species) were identified. The overall prevalence (93.2%) and mean intensity (26.2) was high and low respectively. The overall prevalence was significantly (p = 0.047) higher (97.8%) in females compared to males (85.7%) and not affected by the goat age (p = 0.603). The goat age and sex had no significant (p > 0.05) influence on the mean intensities of parasite species. Multiple infestations (78.1%) were more frequent (p < 0.001) than single infestations (21.9%). Moreover, helminths showed organ specificity. The infested population of goats should be targeted and treated. Keywords: Helminths, digestive tract, goats, abattoir, Cameroo

Distribution spatiale de deux monogènes du genre Protoancylodiscoides Paperna, 1969 (Dactylogyridea, Ancyrocephalidae) parasites branchiaux de Chrysichthys auratus (Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, 1808) (Siluriformes, Claroteidae) dans le Lac Ossa (Littoral -Came

Objectifs : Le but de cette étude a été d’investiguer sur le mode de répartition de Protoancylodiscoides combesi et P. auratum monogènes parasites branchiaux de Chrysichthys auratus (Siluriformes, Claroteidae), communément appelé machoiron, un poisson abondamment exploité dans l’ensemble du bassin de la Sanaga, afin de déterminer les mécanismes qui influencent leur fixation.Méthodologie et résultats: les poissons ont été pêchés au filet maillant d’avril en juin 2016, conservés dans des bocaux contenant du formol puis disséqués au laboratoire pour isoler, monter et identifier les monogènesparasites. Il est apparu que les deux espèces de monogènes sont  fréquentes et peu fréquentes respectivement (prévalence = 71,4 % et 28,60), leurs abondances sont faibles et très faibles (Intensité moyenne = 34, 14 et 16, 37 respectivement). Les deux monogènes montrent une distribution agrégative. Ils exploitent les côtés gauche et droit, les  individus mâles et femelles de la même manière. Leur gradient de fixation sur les arcs branchiaux se fait dans le sens antéro-postérieur,  c'est-à-dire de l’arc I vers l’arc IV. Les deux vers fréquentent  prioritairement le secteur médian, quoique leurs charges soient similaires sur les trois secteurs.Conclusion et application des résultats : Ce travail suggère une fois de plus que les espèces du genre Protoancylodiscoides ont un modèle de fixation antéro-postérieur sur les arcs branchiaux et qu’en situation defaible intensité leur fixation sur les secteurs des arcs se fait au hasard. En général les charges parasitaires sont très faibles ou faible ce qui suggère que l’élevage de C. auratus doit se faire dans un environnement peumodifiéMots clés : monogènes, écologie, Protoancylodiscoides, Chrisichthys auratus, Cameroun

Inventaire Et Profil Epidémiologique Des Parasites De Cinq Espèces De Poissons A Potentiel Piscicole Dans Le Cours Supérieur Du Fleuve NKAM (Littoral-Cameroun)

Résumé – La présente étude a été conduite de mai à septembre  2019 en amont du fleuve Nkam, dans la plaine des Mbô en vue de  contribuer à la connaissance de la biodiversité et de l’écologie des parasites des poissons. Ainsi, un total de 130 spécimens de poissons (13 Clarias gariepinus, 34 Clarias jaensis, 24 Labeobarbus batesii, 29 Oreochromis niloticus et 30 Parachanna obscura) a été collecté de manière aléatoire auprès des pêcheurs. L’examen parasitologique a permis de déterminer la prévalence et l’intensité moyenne d’infestation. Les résultats ont un montré un polyparasitisme chez toutes les espèces de poissons avec un total de six taxons de parasites (monogènes, myxosporidies, nématodes, cestodes, copépodes, trématodes). La prévalence générale (48%) a été faible. Indépendamment de l’espèce hôte, la prévalence a été faible pour les monogènes (49,23%), trématodes (28,46%) et myxosporidies (24,62%) pendant que les cestodes (1,53%), copépodes (5,38%) et nématodes (6,92%) ont enregistré une prévalence très faible. Les paramètres espèce, sexe, taille et poids n’ont pas significativement affecté la prévalence et l’intensité d’infestation des poissons. Par ailleurs, la prévalence des monogènes a été maximale (100%) chez Oreochromis niloticus suivis de Clarias gariepinus (76,92%). En outre, 75% de poisson Labeobarbus batesii a été parasité par les trématodes. Globalement, l’intensité d’infestation a varié de très faible à faible.  Au terme de la présente étude, il ressort un polyparasitisme par une faune parasitaire composée de six groupes parmi lesquels les monogènes ont été les plus représentés. Dans l’ensemble, la prévalence et l’intensité d’infestation ont été affectées par l’espèce, le sexe, les classes de taille et poids de poissons du fleuve Nkam sans toutefois montrer de grande différence.Motsclés – Polyparasitisme ; Prévalence; Intensité ; Biodiversité, Ecologie.Abstract – This study was conducted from May to September 2019 uptream of the Nkam river, in the “plaine des Mbô” in order to contribute to the knowledge of fish parasites biodiversity and ecology.  So, a total of 130 fish specimens (13 Clarias gariepinus, 34 Clarias jaensis, 24 Labeobarbus batesii, 29 Oreochromis niloticus and 30 Parachanna obscura) randomly collected from the fishermen were parasitologically examined so as to determine the prevalence and mean intensity of infestation. Results revealed the polyparasitism of all the fish species with six taxa of parasites (monogeneans, myxosporeans, nematodes, cestodes, copepods, trematodes). The overall prevalence (48%) was low. Irrespective of the host species, the prevalence was low with monogeneans (49.23%), trematodes (28.46%) and myxosporeans (24.62%) while cestodes (1.53%), copepods (5.38%) and nematodes (6.92%) recorded a very low prevalence. Fish species, sex, size classes and weights did not significantly influence the prevalence and intensity of infestation. In addition, the prevalence of monogeneans was maximum (100%) in Oreochromis niloticus followed by Clarias gariepinus (76.92%). On the other hand, 75% of the fish Labeobarbus batesii was infested by trematodes. The overall intensity varied from very low to low. This study finally reveals the polyparasitism of fishes by a parasitic fauna composed of six groups of parasites among which monogeneans were the most represented. Overall, the prevalence and the intensity of infestation was affected by the species, sex, sizes and weight classes of fishes from the Nkam river with no significant difference.Keywords – Polyparasitism, Prevalence; Intensity; Biodiversity, Ecology

INDCOR white paper 1: A shared vocabulary for IDN (Interactive Digital Narratives)

COST Action 18230 INDCOR (Interactive Narrative Design for Complexity Representations) is an interdisciplinary network of researchers and practitioners intended to further the use of interactive digital narratives (IDN1) to represent highly complex topics. IDN possess crucial advantages in this regard, but more knowledge is needed to realize these advantages in broad usage by media producers and the general public. The lack of a shared vocabulary is a crucial obstacle on the path to a generalized, accessible body of IDN knowledge. This white paper frames the situation from the perspective of INDCOR and describes the creation of an online encyclopedia as a means to overcome this issue. Two similar and successful projects (The Living Handbook of Narratology and the Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy) serve as examples for this effort, showing how community-authored encyclopedias can provide high-quality content. The authors introduce a taxonomy based on an overarching analytical framework (SPP model) as the foundational element of the encyclopedia, and detail editorial procedures for the project, including a peer-review process, designed to assure high academic quality and relevance of encyclopedia entries. Also, a sample entry provides guidance for authors

Two new species of gill parasites assigned to Protoancylodiscoides (Monogenea, Ancyrocephalidae) from Chrysichthys spp. (Siluriformes, Claroteidae) in River Sanaga (Cameroon)

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The diversity of monogenean gill parasites of two Synodontis species (Siluriformes, Mochokidae) with the description of two new species assigned to Synodontella

International audienceMonogenean species assigned to Synodontella Dossou & Euzet 1993 infect siluriform fish belonging to Synodontis Cuvier, 1816. A parasitological survey of Synodontis rebeli Holly, 1926 and Synodontis obesus Boulenger, 1898 from the River Sanaga and Lake Ossa (South Cameroon) revealed the presence of three species of Synodontella of which one, Synodontella melanoptera Dossou & Euzet 1993, was already described. The other two Monogenea identified, based on the size of sclerotized parts of the haptor and the male copulatory complex, are new to science and named Synodontella apertipenis n. sp. and Synodontella sanagaensis n. sp. Both species only found on the gill filaments of S. rebeli are considered oioxenous, while Synodontella melanoptera parasitizing the gill filaments of two different host species of the same genus is mesostenoxenous. This study also reveals the enlargement of the host spectrum of Synodontella melanoptera

Description of three new species of Quadriacanthus (Monogenea: Ancyrocephalidae) gill parasites of Clarias submarginatus (Siluriformes: Clariidae) from Lake Ossa (Littoral region, Cameroon)

ABSTRACT Clariidae is a group that includes many species that have great economic importance in both fisheries and fish culture. Monogenean parasites of fishes assigned to this family have been studied in Cameroon, but there have been no studies on Clarias submarginatus Peter, 1882, a fish that is traditionally consumed by the local people. The examination of 43 specimens identified as C. submarginatus from Lake Ossa (first record of this fish species in the Sanaga basin), revealed that some of them belong to Quadriacanthus and are new. Their identification was made based on the morphology and the size of sclerotized parts of the haptor and the male and female copulatory complexes. Quadriacanthus macruncus Bahanak, Nack & Pariselle sp. nov. and Quadriacanthus submarginati Bahanak, Nack & Pariselle sp. nov. are characterized by the morphology of their accessory piece, pointed, slightly curved and wider at medium level, equipped with two subterminal, symmetrical and similar spines for Q. macruncus sp. nov. and made up of one long tip flanked by a short spine and a bulb for Q . submarginati sp. nov., while Quadriacanthus ossaensis Bahanak, Nack & Pariselle sp. nov. is distinguished by the unique morphology of the penis, ending in a fork. The new species of Quadriacanthus are herein described and their host specificity is discussed

Description of three new species of Protoancylodiscoides (Monogenea, Ancyrocephalidae) gill parasites from Chrysichthys nigrodigitatus and Chrysichthys longidorsalis (Siluriformes, Claroteidae) in the Sanaga river (Cameroon)

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Quadriacanthus spp. (Monogenea, Dactylogyridea) from Theterobranchus longifilis (Teleostei, clariidae) in the river Boumba (Congo basin : Cameroon) with the description of three new species

International audienceTwelve specimens of Heterobranchus longifilis sampled from the River Boumba were examined for their monogenean gill parasites. Quadriacanthus longifilisi N'Douba,Lambert & Euzet 1999 and Q. thysi N'Douba, Lambert & Euzet 1999 are newly recorded in the studied locality. Three new species have also been described: Q. tricorniculai n. sp., Q. triunguisin. sp., and Q. ndoubai n. sp. Quadriacanthus tricorniculai and Q. triunguisi are characterized by the unique morphology of their accessory pieces, which end in a three-head hydrashapedstructure, with tentacles being longer in Q. tricorniculai; proximal extremity of accessorypiece is stronger for Q. triunguisi, while Q. ndoubai is distinguished by the size of its male copulatory organ (larger than 80 mu m) and the fork shaped distal extremity of the accessory piece of the male copulatory complex. The variability of monogenean species richness of Hetero-branchus longifilis between Ivory Coast and Cameroon is discussed

Description of three new species of Quadriacanthus (Monogenea: Ancyrocephalidae) gill parasites of Clarias submarginatus (Siluriformes: Clariidae) from Lake Ossa (Littoral region, Cameroon)

ABSTRACT Clariidae is a group that includes many species that have great economic importance in both fisheries and fish culture. Monogenean parasites of fishes assigned to this family have been studied in Cameroon, but there have been no studies on Clarias submarginatus Peter, 1882, a fish that is traditionally consumed by the local people. The examination of 43 specimens identified as C. submarginatus from Lake Ossa (first record of this fish species in the Sanaga basin), revealed that some of them belong to Quadriacanthus and are new. Their identification was made based on the morphology and the size of sclerotized parts of the haptor and the male and female copulatory complexes. Quadriacanthus macruncus Bahanak, Nack & Pariselle sp. nov. and Quadriacanthus submarginati Bahanak, Nack & Pariselle sp. nov. are characterized by the morphology of their accessory piece, pointed, slightly curved and wider at medium level, equipped with two subterminal, symmetrical and similar spines for Q. macruncus sp. nov. and made up of one long tip flanked by a short spine and a bulb for Q . submarginati sp. nov., while Quadriacanthus ossaensis Bahanak, Nack & Pariselle sp. nov. is distinguished by the unique morphology of the penis, ending in a fork. The new species of Quadriacanthus are herein described and their host specificity is discussed