Ohio Poultry Rations

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Poultry Manure Management and Utilization

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Raman transitions between hyperfine clock states in a magnetic trap

We present our experimental investigation of an optical Raman transition between the magnetic clock states of $^{87}$Rb in an atom chip magnetic trap. The transfer of atomic population is induced by a pair of diode lasers which couple the two clock states off-resonantly to an intermediate state manifold. This transition is subject to destructive interference of two excitation paths, which leads to a reduction of the effective two-photon Rabi-frequency. Furthermore, we find that the transition frequency is highly sensitive to the intensity ratio of the diode lasers. Our results are well described in terms of light shifts in the multi-level structure of $^{87}$Rb. The differential light shifts vanish at an optimal intensity ratio, which we observe as a narrowing of the transition linewidth. We also observe the temporal dynamics of the population transfer and find good agreement with a model based on the system's master equation and a Gaussian laser beam profile. Finally, we identify several sources of decoherence in our system, and discuss possible improvements.Comment: 10 pages, 7 figure

Radiation effects in silicon solar cells Quarterly report

Effect of lithium on production and annealing of damage in silico

Radiation effects in silicon solar cells Quarterly progress report, 1 Jul. - 30 Sep. 1970

Defects responsible for degradation in output of silicon solar cells irradiated by space radiatio

Trapping of Rydberg Atoms in Tight Magnetic Microtraps

We explore the possibility to trap Rydberg atoms in tightly confining magnetic microtraps. The trapping frequencies for Rydberg atoms are expected to be influenced strongly by magnetic field gradients. We show that there are regimes where Rydberg atoms can be trapped. Moreover, we show that so-called magic trapping conditions can be found for certain states of rubidium, where both Rydberg atoms and ground state atoms have the same trapping frequencies. Magic trapping is highly beneficial for implementing quantum gate operations that require long operation times

On the differential geometry of curves in Minkowski space

We discuss some aspects of the differential geometry of curves in Minkowski space. We establish the Serret-Frenet equations in Minkowski space and use them to give a very simple proof of the fundamental theorem of curves in Minkowski space. We also state and prove two other theorems which represent Minkowskian versions of a very known theorem of the differential geometry of curves in tridimensional Euclidean space. We discuss the general solution for torsionless paths in Minkowki space. We then apply the four-dimensional Serret-Frenet equations to describe the motion of a charged test particle in a constant and uniform electromagnetic field and show how the curvature and the torsions of the four-dimensional path of the particle contain information on the electromagnetic field acting on the particle.Comment: 10 pages. Typeset using REVTE

Polar distortions in hydrogen bonded organic ferroelectrics

Although ferroelectric compounds containing hydrogen bonds were among the first to be discovered, organic ferroelectrics are relatively rare. The discovery of high polarization at room temperature in croconic acid [Nature \textbf{463}, 789 (2010)] has led to a renewed interest in organic ferroelectrics. We present an ab-initio study of two ferroelectric organic molecular crystals, 1-cyclobutene-1,2-dicarboxylic acid (CBDC) and 2-phenylmalondialdehyde (PhMDA). By using a distortion-mode analysis we shed light on the microscopic mechanisms contributing to the polarization, which we find to be as large as 14.3 and 7.0\,$\mu$C/cm$^{2}$ for CBDC and PhMDA respectively. These results suggest that it may be fruitful to search among known but poorly characterized organic compounds for organic ferroelectrics with enhanced polar properties suitable for device applications.Comment: Submitte

Controlling Stray Electric Fields on an Atom Chip for Rydberg Experiments

Experiments handling Rydberg atoms near surfaces must necessarily deal with the high sensitivity of Rydberg atoms to (stray) electric fields that typically emanate from adsorbates on the surface. We demonstrate a method to modify and reduce the stray electric field by changing the adsorbates distribution. We use one of the Rydberg excitation lasers to locally affect the adsorbed dipole distribution. By adjusting the averaged exposure time we change the strength (with the minimal value less than $0.2\,\textrm{V/cm}$ at $78\,\mu\textrm{m}$ from the chip) and even the sign of the perpendicular field component. This technique is a useful tool for experiments handling Ryberg atoms near surfaces, including atom chips