Symmetry transform in the Faddeev-Jackiw quantization of dual models

We study the presence of symmetry transformations in the Faddeev-Jackiw approach for constrained systems. Our analysis is based in the case of a particle submitted to a particular potential which depends on an arbitrary function. The method is implemented in a natural way and symmetry generators are identified. These symmetries permit us to obtain the absent elements of the sympletic matrix which complement the set of Dirac brackets of such a theory. The study developed here is applied in two different dual models. First, we discuss the case of a two-dimensional oscillator interacting with an electromagnetic potential described by a Chern-Simons term and second the Schwarz-Sen gauge theory, in order to obtain the complete set of non-null Dirac brackets and the correspondent Maxwell electromagnetic theory limit.Comment: 22 pages, RevTex file, no figur

BFFT formalism applied to the minimal chiral Schwinger model

We consider the minimal chiral Schwinger model, by embedding the gauge noninvariant formulation into a gauge theory following the Batalin-Fradkin-Fradkina-Tyutin point of view. Within the BFFT procedure, the second class constraints are converted into strongly involutive first-class ones, leading to an extended gauge invariant formulation. We also show that, like the standard chiral model, in the minimal chiral model the Wess-Zumino action can be obtained by performing a q-number gauge transformation into the effective gauge noninvariant action.Comment: 11 Latex pages. Revised version: New section and more references included. To appear in MPL

COVIDiSTRESS Global Survey dataset on psychological and behavioural consequences of the COVID-19 outbreak

This N = 173,426 social science dataset was collected through the collaborative COVIDiSTRESS Global Survey – an open science effort to improve understanding of the human experiences of the 2020 COVID-19 pandemic between 30th March and 30th May, 2020. The dataset allows a cross-cultural study of psychological and behavioural responses to the Coronavirus pandemic and associated government measures like cancellation of public functions and stay at home orders implemented in many countries. The dataset contains demographic background variables as well as measures of Asian Disease Problem, perceived stress (PSS-10), availability of social provisions (SPS-10), trust in various authorities, trust in governmental measures to contain the virus (OECD trust), personality traits (BFF-15), information behaviours, agreement with the level of government intervention, and compliance with preventive measures, along with a rich pool of exploratory variables and written experiences. A global consortium from 39 countries and regions worked together to build and translate a survey with variables of shared interests, and recruited participants in 47 languages and dialects. Raw plus cleaned data and dynamic visualizations are available

Predictors of enhancing human physical attractiveness: Data from 93 countries

People across the world and throughout history have gone to great lengths to enhance their physical appearance. Evolutionary psychologists and ethologists have largely attempted to explain this phenomenon via mating preferences and strategies. Here, we test one of the most popular evolutionary hypotheses for beauty-enhancing behaviors, drawn from mating market and parasite stress perspectives, in a large cross-cultural sample. We also test hypotheses drawn from other influential and non-mutually exclusive theoretical frameworks, from biosocial role theory to a cultural media perspective. Survey data from 93,158 human participants across 93 countries provide evidence that behaviors such as applying makeup or using other cosmetics, hair grooming, clothing style, caring for body hygiene, and exercising or following a specific diet for the specific purpose of improving ones physical attractiveness, are universal. Indeed, 99% of participants reported spending >10 min a day performing beauty-enhancing behaviors. The results largely support evolutionary hypotheses: more time was spent enhancing beauty by women (almost 4 h a day, on average) than by men (3.6 h a day), by the youngest participants (and contrary to predictions, also the oldest), by those with a relatively more severe history of infectious diseases, and by participants currently dating compared to those in established relationships. The strongest predictor of attractiveness-enhancing behaviors was social media usage. Other predictors, in order of effect size, included adhering to traditional gender roles, residing in countries with less gender equality, considering oneself as highly attractive or, conversely, highly unattractive, TV watching time, higher socioeconomic status, right-wing political beliefs, a lower level of education, and personal individualistic attitudes. This study provides novel insight into universal beauty-enhancing behaviors by unifying evolutionary theory with several other complementary perspectives

Validate evidences of Experience in Close Relationships (ECR) inventory to Brazil = Evidências de validade do experience in close relationships (ECR) inventory para o Brasil

Instruments that assess adult attachment are based on the notion that patterns of bonding established in early childhood transpose to romantic relationships in adult life. The aim of this research was to seek validity evidences of an instrument to assess adult attachment, translated and adapted to Brazil: Experience in Close Relationships Inventory (ECR). Two consecutive studies were performed. In the first the ECR was translated and responded by 230 college students. From the results, items were changed and the scale was responded by 618 people from five regions of Brazil. The results indicated a two-dimensional structure to ECR-Brazil, attachment-related anxiety and avoidance, as well as appropriate indices of reliability. Correlations in line with the theory have been found among the two-dimensional construct, levels of love and sociosexuality. The instrument also differentiated people in committed and non-committed relationship. We consider that ECR-Brazil showed satisfactory evidence of validity and reliability