Effect of plant spacing and bean cultivar on white mold and seed sanity

Parte da Tese de Doutorado do primeiro autor. Universidade de Brasília. 2001.Dois ensaios de campo foram realizados para avaliar o efeito do espaçamento entre linhas (30, 45 e 60 cm) e entre plantas de feijoeiro com hábitos de crescimento diferentes, sobre a intensidade do mofo- branco e a sanidade de sementes. No primeiro, foi mantida a mesma população de plantas por área, 27 plantas/m2 , reduzindo-se o espaçamento entre plantas. No segundo ensaio, manteve-se o mesmo espaçamento entre plantas, que resultou em populações de 40, 27 e 20 plantas/m2 . A porcentagem de plantas infectadas e a severidade da doença não diferiram estatisticamente quanto ao hábito de cresci- mento da cultivar, ao espaçamento ou à interação entre eles, mesmo a incidência tendo atingido valores de 98,4% em 1998 e de 2,7% em 1999. A porcentagem de sementes infectadas não foi afetada pelo espaçamento, mas diferiu erraticamente em relação às cultivares; em 1998, a cultivar Pérola não apresentou sementes infectadas, o mesmo acontecendo com a cultivar Diamante Negro em 1999.The effect of spacing among rows and among bean plants, as well as two plant growth habits were evaluated on the intensity of white mold and seed health in two field trials in Brasilia, DF, Brazil. In the first trial, the same population of 27 plants/m2 was maintained in rows of 30, 45 and 60 cm apart. In the second trial, the spacing among rows was maintained, which resulted in different plant populations of 40, 27 and 20 plants/m2, respectively. Disease incidence and severity did not differ statistically within plants of different growth habits or different spacing, even with divergent disease incidences of 98.4% and 2.7% observed in 1998 and 1999, respectively. The percentage of infected seeds was not affected by spacing either, however the cultivar effect was erratic; in 1998, 'Perola' had no infected seeds and the same occurred with 'Diamante Negro' in 1999

Variações Longitudinais de Lipoproteínas de Baixa Densidade Oxidadas Associadas à Artéria "Culpada" no Enfarte do Miocárdio com Elevação ST - um Marcador Promissor?

The aim of the present study was to investigate variations in oxidized LDL (oxLDL) at the onset of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and over the recovery period, exploring their relationship with coronary disease severity. A follow-up of 50 AMI patients was evaluated against 25 healthy volunteers (reference group). The AMI patients were evaluated at three time points: at admission before the administration of IIb/IIIa inhibitors and angioplasty, and two and 40 days after intervention. Plasma oxLDL concentrations were measured by ELISA. oxLDL was found to be significantly higher in AMI patients in the acute phase relative to reference levels, decreasing progressively over the recovery period. The results also demonstrated that oxLDL levels were decreased in patients with the left circumflex artery (LCX) as culprit vessel compared to the left anterior descending coronary (LAD) or right coronary artery (RCA). The results highlight a significant increase in oxLDL concentration related to coronary artery disease severity, as conditions such as LCX lesions are usually associated with a favorable prognosis, contrasting with LAD-associated conditions that can compromise large areas of myocardium. The results thus suggest that oxLDL may constitute a promising marker in assessment of AMI evolution

The efficiency of Leguminoceae Production Grains Plus Maize as A Feeding on Growth Phase of Local Swine (Potamochoerus porcus) in Timor-Leste

In Timor Leste, swine Farmers did not yet use legume production grains to maintain feed swine performance and respond to market demand. The research aims to evaluate the Efficiency of Leguminoceae Production grains Plus Maize in feeding on the Growth Phase of Local Swine in Timor Leste. This research used Latin Square Design with four rows and four columns employed. The swine feeding has 4 treatments such as R1 (corn 50% + mungbean 15% + soybean 20% + common bean 15%), R2 (corn 40% + mungbean 20% + soybean 15% + common bean 25%), R3 (corn 40% + mungbean 20% + soybean 20% + common bean 20%), R4 (corn 50% + mungbean 10% + soybean 15% + common bean 25%). This research showed that Swine that consumed R2 rates were very good compared to other feedings for Swine. Look at the performance of the Swine with an increase in body weight of 31.16kg and body length of 72.75cm in the grower phase. All data were analyzed by ANOVA Latin Square Design, and Least Significance Difference (LSD) was conducted when the means were significantly different (p<0.05)

Effect of cis-9, trans-11 conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) on the metabolism profile of breast cancer cells determined by H HR-MAS NMR spectroscopy

Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA), a fatty acid found in ruminant food products, has been associated with anticarcinogenic activity. However, its effect on cancer metabolism is unclear. In this paper we evaluated the effects of cis-9, trans-11 CLA on the metabolic profile of MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells using high-resolution magic angle spinning (HR-MAS) nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. The NMR spectra showed that phosphocholine level, a cancer malignance biomarker, was reduced in both cells treated with CLA, but the reduction was more pronounced in MCF-7 cells. The NMR spectra also showed that CLA has opposite effect on MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 acetone metabolism. Acetone signal has been observed in the spectra of MDA-MB-231 control cells, but not in the spectra of the cells treated with 50 and 100 µM CLA. Conversely, the acetone signal is very small or not observed in the NMR spectra of MCF-7 control cells and in cells treated with 50 µM of CLA, but is very strong in the spectra of the cells treated with 100 µM of CLA. Therefore, this CLA concentration is causing a ketosis in MCF-7 cells by inducing the use of fatty acids as an energy source or by reducing acetone catabolism. These results indicate that CLA interfere in the metabolism of both cells. However, the strongest effect has been observed on the metabolism of MCF-7 cells cultivated in the presence of 100 µM CLA. Therefore, CLA could be a potential anticarcinogenic drug, especially for cells with positive estrogen receptor, such as MCF-7

Moringa oleifera: Resource management and multiuse life tree

Moringa oleifera Lamarck (Moringaceae family) is a plant native from the Western and sub-Himalayan parts of Northwest India, Pakistan and Afghanistan. This species is widely cultivated across Africa, South-East Asia, Arabia, South America and Caribbean Islands. M. oleifera culture is also being distributed in the Semi-Arid Northeast of Brazil. It is a multiuse life tree with great environmental economic importance in industrial and medical areas. This review reports different purposes of M. oleifera including sustaining environmental resources, soil protection and shelter for animals. This plant requires not much care and distinct parts have bioactive compounds. Moringa tissues used in human and animal diets, also withdraw pollutants from water. The seeds with coagulant properties used in water treatment for human consumption, remove waste products like surfactants, heavy metals and pesticides. The oil extracted from seeds is used in cosmetic production and as biodiesel. M. oleifera tissues also contain proteins with different biological activities, including lectins, chitin-binding proteins, trypsin inhibitors, and proteases. The lectins are reported to act as insecticidal agents against Aedes aegypti (vector of dengue, chikungunya and yellow fevers) and Anagasta kuehniella (pest of stored products) and also showed water coagulant, antibacterial and blood anticoagulant activities. The presence of trypsin inhibitors has been reported in M. oleifera leaves and flowers. The inhibitor from flowers is toxic to larvae of A. aegypti. The flowers also contain caseinolytic proteases that are able to promote clotting of milk. In this sense, M. oleifera is a promising tree from a biotechnological point of view, since it has shown a great variety of uses and it is a source of several compounds with a broad range of biological activities.Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico for fellowship (LCBBC) and to the Foundation for Science and Technology, POPH/FSE (AFSS

Coagulant and antibacterial activities of the water-soluble seed lectin from Moringa oleifera

Aims: The aim of this work was to analyse the coagulant and antibacterial activities of lectin isolated from Moringa oleifera seeds that are used for water treatment. Methods and Results:  The water-soluble M. oleifera lectin (WSMoL) was separated from nonhemagglutinating components (NHC) by chitin chromatography. WSMoL fluorescence spectrum was not altered in the presence of ions that are often present in high concentrations in polluted waters. Seed extract, NHC and WSMoL showed coagulant activity on a turbid water model. Both NHC and WSMoL reduced the growth of Staphylococcus aureus, but only WSMoL caused a reduction in Escherichia coli. WSMoL was also more effective in reducing the growth of ambient lake water bacteria. Conclusions:  Data obtained from this study indicate that WSMoL is a potential natural biocoagulant for water, reducing turbidity, suspended solids and bacteria. Significance and Impact of the Study: Moringa oleifera seeds are a material effective in the treatment of water.The authors express their gratitude to the Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico (CNPq) for research grants and fellowship (LCBBC, MLVO and PMGP), the Fundacao de Amparo a Ciencia e Tecnologia do Estado de Pernambuco (FACEPE) and the Coordenacao de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nivel Superior (CAPES) for financial support. Authors are grateful to Maria Barbosa Reis da Silva for the technical assistance and to David Pillard and Felix Nonnenmacher for English editing