Incorporando aula invertida, trabajo en equipo e iniciativa sustentable en un proyecto de innovación didáctica

[11 p.]il.En el presente trabajo se muestran los resultados obtenidos en la prueba piloto de un proyecto de investigación, llevada a cabo durante el ciclo lectivo 2015-2016, en la materia Análisis de Sistemas, correspondiente a segundo año de Ingeniería en Sistemas de Información, en la Universidad Tecnológica Nacional, Facultad Regional Rosario. Los resultados observados a partir de las innovaciones didácticas introducidas, permitieron resignificar algunos conceptos de la práctica profesional e integrarlos como nuevas herramientas (recursos didácticos). En este sentido, se agregaron a la fase experimental para el ciclo lectivo 2016- 2017: la vivencia de un aula invertida, el trabajo en equipo y el desarrollo de un trabajo integrador con eje en la sustentabilidad. Estos nuevos recursos surgen de una selección que intenta traer al aula los problemas actuales de práctica profesional de modo que el alumno adquiera un saber reflexivo sobre la misma. Se busca de esta manera reforzar los procesos de enseñanza - aprendizaje concernientes a la currícula de la asignatura a través de una serie de innovaciones didácticas que impulsen y fortalezcan en los alumnos la formación de capacidades que los prepare para su futuro profesional.Fil: Font, Gabriela Mariel. Universidad Católica de Salta. Facultad de Ingeniería e Informática; Argentina.Fil: Nalli, María Yanina. Universidad Católica de Salta. Facultad de Ingeniería e Informática; Argentina.Fil: Malano, Rita Guadalupe. Universidad Católica de Salta. Facultad de Ingeniería e Informática; Argentina

Exfoliated oral mucosa cells as bioindicators of short- and long-term systemic titanium contamination

Background: Humans are exposed to exogenous sources of titanium-containing particles that can enter the body mainly by inhalation, ingestion, or dermal absorption. Given the widespread use of biomaterials in medicine, the surface of a titanium (Ti) biomedical device is a potential endogenous source of Ti ions and/or Ti-containing particles, such as TiO2 micro-(MPs) and nano-particles (NPs), resulting from biotribocorrosion processes. Ti ions or Ti-containing particles may deposit in epithelial cells of the oral mucosa, and the latter may therefore serve as bioindicators of short and long-term systemic Ti contamination. The aim of the present study was to histologically and quantitatively evaluate the presence of Ti traces in cells exfoliated from the oral mucosa as possible bioindicators of systemic contamination with this metal at short and long-term experimental time points Methods: Thirty Wistar rats were intraperitoneally injected with a suspension of titanium dioxide (TiO2) (0.16 g/100 g body weight of TiO2 in 5 ml of NaCl 0.9%) using 5 nm NPs (Group: TiO2-NP5; n = 10), 45 µm MPs (Group: TiO2-MP45; n = 10), or vehicle alone (Control group; n = 10). At one and six months post-injection, right-cheek mucosa cells were obtained by exfoliative cytology using a cytobrush; they were spray fixed and stained using Safranin or the Papanicolaou technique. The smears were cytologically evaluated (light microscopy) to determine the presence of particulate material, which was also analyzed microchemically (SEM-EDS). Left-cheek mucosa cells were similarly obtained and re-suspended in 5 ml of PBS (pH: 7.2–7.4); the samples corresponding to each group were pooled together and analyzed spectrometrically (ICP-MS) to determine Ti concentration in each of the studied groups. Blood samples were obtained for histological determination of the presence of particulate material on Safranin-stained blood smears and determination of plasma concentration of Ti by ICP-MS Results: Different size and shape metal-like particles were observed inside and outside epithelial cells in TiO2-NP5 and TiO2-MP45 cytological smears at both one and six months post-injection. EDS analysis showed the presence of Ti in the particles. ICP-MS revealed higher Ti concentrations in both TiO2 injected groups compared to the control group. In addition, Ti concentration did not vary with time or particle size. Monocytes containing particles were observed in blood smears of TiO2-exposed animals one- and six-months post-injection. Plasma levels of Ti were significantly higher in TiO2-NP5- and TiO2-MP45- exposed animals than in controls (p < 0.05), and Ti concentration was significantly higher at one month than at six months in both TiO2-exposed groups (p < 0.05). Conclusions: Cells exfoliated from the oral mucosa could be used as bioindicators of short- and long-term systemic contamination with Ti. Exfoliative cytology could be used as a simple, non-invasive, and inexpensive diagnostic method for monitoring biotribocorrosion of Ti implants and patient clinical follow-up.Fil: Domingo, Mariela Gisele. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Odontología. Cátedra de Anatomía Patológica; ArgentinaFil: Nalli, Gabriela Alejandra. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Odontología; ArgentinaFil: Tasat, Deborah Ruth. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Tecnologías Emergentes y Ciencias Aplicadas. - Universidad Nacional de San Martin. Instituto de Tecnologías Emergentes y Ciencias Aplicadas; Argentina. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Odontología. Cátedra de Histología y Embriología; ArgentinaFil: Olmedo, Daniel Gustavo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Odontología. Cátedra de Anatomía Patológica; Argentin

Exfoliative cytology and titanium dental implants: A pilot study

Background: Oral exfoliative cytology is a diagnostic method that involves the study of cells exfoliated from the oral mucosa. Ions/particles released from metallic implants can remain in the peri-implant milieu. The aim of the present study is to assess the presence of metal particles in cells exfoliated from peri-implant oral mucosa around titanium dental implants. Methods: The study comprised 30 patients carrying titanium dental implants, who had neither a metallic prosthesis nor metal restorations in neighboring teeth. Individuals undergoing orthodontic therapy and those who had oral piercing were also excluded from the study. The study sample included patients with and without peri-implantitis. Cytologic samples of the peri-implant area were collected. Samples of the marginal gingiva on the contralateral side of the implant were taken from the same individuals to serve as control. Cytologic analysis was performed using light microscopy. Titanium concentration was determined using inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrophotometry. Results: Metal-like particles were observed inside and outside epithelial cells and macrophages in cytologic smears of peri-implant mucosa of both patients with and without peri-implantitis. No particles were found in the control cytologic samples. The concentration of titanium was higher in the peri-implantitis group compared with the group without peri-implantitis; no traces of titanium were observed in controls. Conclusions: Regardless of an inflammatory response, ions/particles are released from the surface of the implant into the biologic milieu. Exfoliative cytology is a simple technique that may be used to detect metal particles in cells exfoliated from the peri-implant mucosa.Fil: Olmedo, Daniel Gustavo. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Odontología; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Nalli, Gabriela. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Odontología; ArgentinaFil: Verdú, Sergio. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Odontología; ArgentinaFil: Paparella, María Luisa. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Odontología; ArgentinaFil: Cabrini, Rómulo L.. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Odontología; Argentina. Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica. Gerencia de Área de Aplicaciones de la Tecnología Nuclear. Departamento de Radiobiología; Argentin

Ameloblastoma desmoplásico : diagnóstico precoz : presentación de un caso clínico

Fil: BLASCO, FABIÁN. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Odontología. Cátedra de Cirugía y Traumatología Bucomaxilofacial III; Argentina.Fil: VERDÚ, SERGIO. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Odontología. Cátedra de Clínica Estomatológica; Argentina.Fil: NALLI, GABRIELA. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Odontología. Cátedra de Clínica Estomatológica; Argentina.Fil: GIANNUNZIO, GRACIELA. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Odontología. Cátedra de Cirugía y Traumatología Bucomaxilofacial III; Argentina.Fil: MAURIÑO, NÉSTOR. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Odontología. Cátedra de Cirugía y Traumatología Bucomaxilofacial III; Argentina.Fil: LANFRANCHI TIZEIRA, HÉCTOR. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Odontología. Cátedra de Clínica Estomatológica; Argentina.Fil: KESZLER, ALICIA. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Odontología. Cátedra de Anatomía Patológica; Argentina.El ameloblastoma es una neoplasia benigna, localmente invasora, originada a partir de restos de epitelio odontogénico o del revestimiento epitelial de un quiste dentígero. Es la neoplasia odontogénica más frecuente de la mandíbula. Actualmente la OMS (2005) reconoce cuatro tipos de ameloblastomas: el sólido multiquístico, el periférico o extraóseo, el desmoplásico y el uniquístico. El tipo desmoplásico es poco frecuente y presenta características clínicas, radiográficas e histológicas distintivas, aunque su comportamiento es similar al del tipo sólido-multiquístico, por lo que el tratamiento quirúrgico recomendado no varía. Se presenta un caso clínico donde el diagnóstico precoz fue fundamental para realizar un tratamiento conservador, rápido y con mínimas consecuencias estéticas y psicológicas para el paciente

Factors associated with COVID-19-related death in people with rheumatic diseases: results from the COVID-19 Global Rheumatology Alliance physician-reported registry

Objectives: To determine factors associated with COVID-19-related death in people with rheumatic diseases. Methods: Physician-reported registry of adults with rheumatic disease and confirmed or presumptive COVID-19 (from 24 March to 1 July 2020). The primary outcome was COVID-19-related death. Age, sex, smoking status, comorbidities, rheumatic disease diagnosis, disease activity and medications were included as covariates in multivariable logistic regression models. Analyses were further stratified according to rheumatic disease category. Results: Of 3729 patients (mean age 57 years, 68% female), 390 (10.5%) died. Independent factors associated with COVID-19-related death were age (66-75 years: OR 3.00, 95% CI 2.13 to 4.22; >75 years: 6.18, 4.47 to 8.53; both vs ≤65 years), male sex (1.46, 1.11 to 1.91), hypertension combined with cardiovascular disease (1.89, 1.31 to 2.73), chronic lung disease (1.68, 1.26 to 2.25) and prednisolone-equivalent dosage >10 mg/day (1.69, 1.18 to 2.41; vs no glucocorticoid intake). Moderate/high disease activity (vs remission/low disease activity) was associated with higher odds of death (1.87, 1.27 to 2.77). Rituximab (4.04, 2.32 to 7.03), sulfasalazine (3.60, 1.66 to 7.78), immunosuppressants (azathioprine, cyclophosphamide, ciclosporin, mycophenolate or tacrolimus: 2.22, 1.43 to 3.46) and not receiving any disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drug (DMARD) (2.11, 1.48 to 3.01) were associated with higher odds of death, compared with methotrexate monotherapy. Other synthetic/biological DMARDs were not associated with COVID-19-related death. Conclusion: Among people with rheumatic disease, COVID-19-related death was associated with known general factors (older age, male sex and specific comorbidities) and disease-specific factors (disease activity and specific medications). The association with moderate/high disease activity highlights the importance of adequate disease control with DMARDs, preferably without increasing glucocorticoid dosages. Caution may be required with rituximab, sulfasalazine and some immunosuppressants