Digitalization of public governance in the EAEU countries

Various aspects of digitalization of public administration in the countries of the Eurasian Economic Union are considered. It is noted that digitalization is spontaneous and comprehensive, and also affects almost all spheres of public relations, including the system of public administration. In this regard, there is a need to develop a joint interstate policy in the field of institutionalization of the processes of digitalization of society. Digitalization is defined as a set of digital transformation of the processes of economic entities and the creation of digital products and services, and not just as digitization - the transfer of data from analog form to digital. In turn, the definition of the term “public administration” can be formulated as a set of mechanisms, processes, relationships and institutions through which citizens of the state, their associations express their interests, exercise their rights and obligations and settle differences. The analysis of the practice of institutionalization of the processes of digitalization of public administration demonstrates the fact that the main regulatory norms and practices in this sphere are fixed within the framework of national target programs.This article analyses the program and target documents of all the member countries of the Eurasian Economic Union, affecting the digitalization regulation processes, the need to institutionalize the processes of digitalization of government and society, as well as the introduction of modern technologies in the practice of public administration. At the same time, the common element of all strategies, concepts and programs is only the digitalization of the process of providing public services, and the other parameters of the target documents are largely different. In this regard, it is required to form a unified model of digitalization of public administration of the Eurasian Economic Union on the basis of a unified strategy

Amaranth oil application for coronary heart disease and hypertension

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the Nation's leading killer for both men and women among all racial and ethnic groups. Development and progression of CVD is linked to the presence of risk factors such as hyperlipidemia, hypertension, obesity, and diabetes mellitus. It is known that cholesterol is an indicator of increased risk of heart attack and stroke. Low-density cholesterol (LDL) above 130 mg/dl high-density cholesterol (HDL) cholesterol below 35 mg/dl and total blood cholesterol above 200 mg/dl are indicators of problematic cholesterol. Proper ranges of cholesterol are important in the prevention of CVD. It has been suggested that a reduction in the consumption of saturated and an increase in unsaturated fatty acids is beneficial and prevents CVD. Amaranth grain contains tocotrienols and squalene compounds, which are known to affect cholesterol biosynthesis. The cholesterol precursors squalene, lanosterol and other methyl sterols, reflect cholesterol synthesis [1-3], whereas plant sterols and cholestanol, a metabolite of cholesterol, reflect the efficiency of cholesterol absorption in normal and hyperlipidemic populations [4-6]. Qureshi with co-authors [7] showed that feeding of chickens with amaranth oil decreases blood cholesterol levels, which are supported by the work of others [8]. Previously, we have shown that Amaranth oil modulates the cell membrane fluidity [9] and stabilized membranes that could be one reason as to why it is beneficial to those who consume it. It is known that in hypertension, the cell membrane is defective and hence, the movement of the Na and K ions across the cell membranes could defective that could contribute to the development of increase in blood pressure. Based on these properties of amaranth oil we hypothesize that it could be of significant benefit for patients with CVD

Genome variability of domestic tomato varieties: data from AFLP analysis

Tomato Solanum lycopersicum L. is one of the main vegetable crops, accessions and cultivars of which are characterized by a low level of genomic polymorphism. Introgressive tomato breeding uses related wild Solanum species to improve cultivars for stress tolerance and fruit quality traits. The aim of this work was to evaluate the genome variability of 59 cultivars and perspective breeding lines of S. lycopersicum and 11 wild tomato species using the AFLP method. According to the AFLP analysis, four combinations of primers E32/M59, E32/M57, E38/M57, and E41/M59, which had the highest PIC (polymorphism information content) values, were selected. In the process of genotyping a collection of 59 cultivars/lines of S. lycopersicum and 11 wild tomato accessions, the selected primers revealed 391 fragments ranging in size from 80 to 450 bp, of which 114 fragments turned out to be polymorphic and 25 were unique. Analysis of the amplification spectra placed wild tomato accessions into separate clades. Sister clades included cultivars of FSCV breeding resistant to drought and/or cold and, in part, to late blight, Alternaria, Septoria, tobacco mosaic virus and blossom end rot, as well as tomato accessions not characterized according to these traits, which suggests that they have resistance to stress factors. In accessions of distant clades, there was clustering on the basis of resistance to Verticillium, cladosporiosis, Fusarium, tobacco mosaic virus, gray rot, and blossom end rot. The combination of accessions according to their origin from the originating organization was shown. The primer combinations E32/M59, E32/M57, E38/M57 and E41/M59 were shown to be perspective for genotyping tomato cultivars to select donors of resistance to various stress factors. The clade-specific fragments identified in this work can become the basis for the development of AFLP markers for traits of resistance to stress factors

Клиническая переносимость и эффективность вакцинации взрослых, страдающих хронической обструктивной болезнью легких, против дифтерии и столбняка

Summary. Currently, development of immune response to vaccines has not been studied completely; data on vaccines safety and effect on the course of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are lacking. Thus, vaccination against diphteria and pertussis of patients with COPD is of great importance. The aim of our study was to evaluate efficacy and safety of a vaccine against diphteria and pertussis in patients with COPD. We examined 61 moderate to severe COPD patients aged 35 to 65 years. Of them, 33 patients received the Bubo-M vaccine trice according to 0–1–6 month regimen and 28 patients received the same vaccine only once. Thirty four healthy subjects vaccinated with the same vaccine were as controls. The Bubo-M vaccine was well tolerated; no serious post-vaccine adverse events were registered. Vaccination of COPD patients did not influence the rate of acute respiratory infection episodes and did not increase the rate of acute exacerbations of COPD. A characteristic feature of immune response to the vaccine in COPD patients was slower antibody production against diphteria and pertussis anatoxins.Резюме. Проблема вакцинации против дифтерии и столбняка пациентов с хронической обструктивной болезнью легких (ХОБЛ) является актуальной, поскольку в настоящее время недостаточно изучены процессы формирования поствакцинального иммунитета, а также нет данных о безопасности вакцинации и ее влиянии на течение ХОБЛ. В связи с этим целью работы явилась оценка эффективности вакцинации против дифтерии и столбняка пациентов, страдающих ХОБЛ. Был обследован 61 пациент с ХОБЛ тяжелого и среднетяжелого течения в возрасте от 35 до 65 лет, 33 из них вакцина Бубо-М вводилась троекратно по схеме 0–1–6 мес., а 28 – однократно. Группу сравнения составили 34 здоровых реципиента, вакцинированных тем же препаратом. При введении препарата Бубо-М не было зарегистрировано серьезных нежелательных явлений в поствакцинальном периоде. Вакцинация больных ХОБЛ тяжелого и среднетяжелого течения не оказывает влияния на количество случаев возникновения острых респираторных инфекций и снижает или не влияет на частоту обострений основного заболевания. У больных ХОБЛ выявлена особенность формирования поствакцинального иммунного ответа, характеризующаяся замедленным синтезом антител к дифтерийному и столбнячному анатоксинам

Цитокины и атеросклероз – новые направления исследований

This review generalizes the current evidence on the content of the pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines in patients’ blood serum with atherosclerotic lesions of the coronary, carotid and iliac arteries. The results gave the ability to assess cytokine immune cells of atherosclerotic plaques. Also the results of national and international research allowed the assessment of the prognostic value of cytokine content.В обзоре обобщены современные данные о содержании про- и противовоспалительных цитокинов в сыворотке крови пациентов с атеросклеротическим поражением коронарных, сонных и подвздошных артерий. Также приведены результаты оценки цитокинпродуцирующей способности иммунных клеток атеросклеротических бляшек. Проанализированы результаты отечественных и зарубежных исследований по оценке прогностического значения содержания цитокинов

Limits on prediction in language comprehension: A multi-lab failure to replicate evidence for probabilistic pre-activation of phonology

In current theories of language comprehension, people routinely and implicitly predict upcoming words by pre-activating their meaning, morpho-syntactic features and even their specific phonological form. To date the strongest evidence for this latter form of linguistic prediction comes from a 2005 Nature Neuroscience landmark publication by DeLong, Urbach and Kutas, who observed a graded modulation of article- and noun-elicited electrical brain potentials (N400) by the pre-determined probability that people continue a sentence fragment with that word ('cloze'). In a direct replication study spanning 9 laboratories (N=334), we failed to replicate the crucial article-elicited N400 modulation by cloze, while we successfully replicated the commonly-reported noun-elicited N400 modulation. This pattern of failure and success was observed in a pre-registered replication analysis, a pre-registered single-trial analysis, and in exploratory Bayesian analyses. Our findings do not support a strong prediction view in which people routinely pre-activate the phonological form of upcoming words, and suggest a more limited role for prediction during language comprehension