76 research outputs found
ΠΠ½Π°ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΉ Π€Π΅Π΄ΠΎΡΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡ ΠΠΎΠ½ΠΈ β ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½ ΠΈΠ· ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ ΠΏΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ (Π΄Π΅ΠΎΠ½ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΈ) Π² Π ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΈ
The subject of research is the concept of practical ethics by Anatoly F. Koni who was an outstanding Russian lawyer in the late 19th β beginning of 20th centuries. Particular attention is paid to his ethical research in the article. The interest in this area is not accidental. The principles of professional ethics formulated by Koni have become largely a model for Russian lawyers.The purpose of the article is to identify the stages of the formation of Koniβs ethical theory, its main elements and sources, which made it possible to reconstruct the ideas of the famous lawyer.As the main research methods the authors applied the problem-chronological approach and the systemic approach, considering Koni's ethics as an emerging theory, which turned into a complete concept in the 1920s. The structure of the ethical concept was outlined by Koni in 1919 in the Program "Ethics of Cohabitation".The main results, scope of application. It was revealed that for Koni issues of legal ethics were only part of his colossal work on ethics. He has been developing ethical themes since the 1880s. He formed the foundations of the theory, developed the main types of ethics at the beginning of the twentieth century, and the idea crystallized in the 1920s. In particular, he formulated the types of ethics: public order, financial, literary, public events, medical, conscience, national, personal behavior, etc. After going through three successive stages in the course of the study Koni developed the foundations of practical ethics, which could serve as a model for creating relations in a new society as he assumed. Koni chose ethics as the object of his scientific research. He made great efforts to develop his deontology, which we will not find any analogues of. He contributed to the philosophy and philosophy of law. He summarized all his works on deontology in the work "Ethics of the Cohabitation", which was prepared in 1927, but have never been published.Conclusions. Koni not only collected moments of crisis in contemporary ethical manifestations, analyzed the works of the main deontologists, analyzed in detail the types of ethics (some of which he formulated for the first time in science), but also formed a harmonious practical ethics of human personal behavior. At the same time Koni assumed such a development of a sensitive personality that would be able to take into account the smallest men-tal characteristics of other people and behave tactfully as much as possible. He returned to ethical issues in numerous works over and over again whether he wrote about social ills, about psychology, about expertise. He saw the main causes of deformations in the destruction of ethical principles. "Moral perversions" threatened the very existence of the state. He perceived the fall of Russia in 1917 as a logical completion of the disintegration of ethics. Koni saw a future salvation in the revival of Russia. His ethical ideal was Christian in nature in many ways, although Koni himself almost never connected ethics with religion in his works. Here he acted as a Kantian, as a supporter of the categorical imperative.ΠΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠΌ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ΅ΠΏΡΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ ΠΠ½Π°ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡ Π€Π΅Π΄ΠΎΡΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡΠ° ΠΠΎΠ½ΠΈ. Π¦Π΅Π»Ρ ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈ ΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΠΈΡ Π² Π²ΡΡΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΡΡΠ°ΠΏΠΎΠ² ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ΅ΠΎΡΠΈΠΈ, Π΅Π΅ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π½ΡΡ
ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² ΠΈ ΠΈΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ², ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ²ΡΠΈΡ
ΡΠ΅ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΡ ΠΈΠ΄Π΅ΠΈ Π·Π½Π°ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡΠΈΡΡΠ°. Π ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π½ΡΡ
ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½Ρ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ½ΠΎ-Ρ
ΡΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄ ΠΈ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ½ΡΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄, ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ²ΡΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΌΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΡΡ ΡΡΠΈΠΊΡ ΠΠΎΠ½ΠΈ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠΈΡΡΡΡΡΡΡΡ ΡΠ΅ΠΎΡΠΈΡ, ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΠ°Ρ Π² 1920-Π΅ Π³Π³. ΠΏΡΠ΅Π²ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠ»Π°ΡΡ Π² Π·Π°ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ΅ΠΏΡΠΈΡ. Π ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΉΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈ Π·Π°ΡΡΠ±Π΅ΠΆΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ°ΡΡ ΠΈΠ·ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ ΡΠ°Π·Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ Π°ΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΡ ΠΆΠΈΠ·Π½ΠΈ ΠΈ Π΄Π΅ΡΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π²ΡΠ΄Π°ΡΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎΡΡ ΡΡΠΈΡΡΠ° Π.Π€. ΠΠΎΠ½ΠΈ. ΠΡΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠ΅ Π²Π½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ΄Π΅Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΌ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡΠΌ. ΠΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Ρ ΠΊ ΡΡΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅ Π½Π΅ ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°Π΅Π½. Π ΡΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ΅Π½ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠΈΠΏΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ, ΡΡΠΎΡΠΌΡΠ»ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΠΎΠ½ΠΈ, ΡΠ²Π»ΡΡΡΡΡ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠΎΠΌ Π΄Π»Ρ ΡΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΉΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΡΡΠΈΡΡΠΎΠ². ΠΡΡΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΎ, ΡΡΠΎ Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΠΎΠ½ΠΈ Π²ΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΡΡ ΡΡΠΈΠ΄ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ Π±ΡΠ»ΠΈ ΡΠΎΠ»ΡΠΊΠΎ ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΡ Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎΡΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡΡΠ΄Π° ΠΏΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ°ΠΌ ΡΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ. ΠΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ ΠΎΠ½ ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠ°Π±Π°ΡΡΠ²Π°Π» Ρ 1880-Ρ
Π³Π³. ΠΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Ρ ΡΠ΅ΠΎΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΠ½Π°ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΉ Π€Π΅Π΄ΠΎΡΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡ ΡΠΎΠ·Π΄Π°Π²Π°Π» Π² Π½Π°ΡΠ°Π»Π΅ Π₯Π₯ Π²., Π° ΠΊΡΠΈΡΡΠ°Π»Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π»Π°ΡΡ ΠΎΠ½Π° Π² 1920-Π΅ Π³Π³. Π ΡΠΎΠΌ ΡΠΈΡΠ»Π΅ ΠΎΠ½ ΡΡΠΎΡΠΌΡΠ»ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π» Π²ΠΈΠ΄Ρ ΡΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ: ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ΄ΠΊΠ°, ΡΠΈΠ½Π°Π½ΡΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ, Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΠ½Π°Ρ, ΠΏΡΠ±Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠΏΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΠΉ, Π²ΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π±Π½Π°Ρ, ΡΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΡΠΈ, Π½Π°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½Π°Ρ, Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈ Ρ. Π΄. Π Π°Π·ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠ°Π» ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Ρ ΠΏΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ, ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΠ°Ρ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΎΠ½ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π°Π³Π°Π», ΠΌΠΎΠ³Π»Π° Π±Ρ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»ΡΠΆΠΈΡΡ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠΎΠΌ Π΄Π»Ρ ΡΠΎΠ·Π΄Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ Π² Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΌ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅. ΠΠΎΠ½ΠΈ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΉ Π²ΡΠ±ΡΠ°Π» ΡΡΠΈΠΊΡ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡ ΡΠ²ΠΎΠΈΡ
ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ. ΠΠ½ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠΈΠ» ΠΎΠ³ΡΠΎΠΌΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΡΡΠΈΠ»ΠΈΡ ΠΏΠΎ ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠΊΠ΅ ΡΠ²ΠΎΠ΅ΠΉ Π΄Π΅ΠΎΠ½ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΈ, Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠ² ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΡ Π½Π΅ Π½Π°ΠΉΠ΄Π΅ΠΌ. ΠΠ½Π΅Ρ Π²ΠΊΠ»Π°Π΄ Π² ΡΠΈΠ»ΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΈΡ ΠΈ ΡΠΈΠ»ΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠ°Π²Π°. ΠΡΠ΅ ΡΠ²ΠΎΠΈ ΡΡΡΠ΄Ρ ΠΏΠΎ Π΄Π΅ΠΎΠ½ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΈ ΠΎΠ½ ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠ±ΡΠΈΠ» Π² ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠ΅ Β«ΠΡΠΈΠΊΠ° ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΆΠΈΡΠΈΡΒ», ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΠ°Ρ Π±ΡΠ»Π° ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π³ΠΎΡΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½Π° Π² 1927 Π³., Π½ΠΎ Π² ΡΠ²Π΅Ρ Π½Π΅ Π²ΡΡΠ»Π°
Neoglycolipids Micelle-like Structures as a Basis for Drug Delivery Systems
Targeted drug delivery is one of the most promising tasks of nanomedicine, as this is a real way to increase the effectiveness of therapeutic effects against many diseases. In this regard, the development of new inexpensive highly effective stimulating and non-immunogenic drug delivery systems (DDS) is of great importance. In this work new molecular candidates were proposed and studied for the creation of such systems based on the use of new compounds, neoglycolipids. It is shown that these compounds are capable of self-association in aqueous solutions and can serve as potential carriers of drug compounds with targeted delivery determined by their terminal groups (in particular, glycans). The processes of their associates formation and features of their structure are investigated. The results show that these selforganizing nanoscale systems can be used as a basis for developing new drug delivery systems.
Keywords: neoglycolipids, micelle-like structures, small-angle X-ray scattering, molecular dynamics simulatio
ΠΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΠ½Π° Π² Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π΅ ΠΎΠ·Π΅ΡΠ° ΠΠ°ΠΉΠΊΠ°Π»
ΠΡΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅Π½ΠΎ ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΠ½Π° Π² ΠΏΡΠΎΠ±Π°Ρ
ΠΏΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΡ
Π½ΠΎΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π²ΠΎΠ΄Ρ, ΠΎΡΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π»Π΅ΡΠΎΠΌ 2018 Π³ΠΎΠ΄Π° Π² ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΎΠ΄ ΠΌΠ°ΡΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠΈΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ±Π°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΉ Π² ΠΏΡΠΈΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΆΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π·ΠΎΠ½Π΅ Π·Π°Π»ΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ² ΠΡ, Π’ΡΡΠ°ΠΉ (Π·Π°ΠΏΠ°Π΄Π½ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ±Π΅ΡΠ΅ΠΆΡΠ΅ ΠΠ°ΠΉΠΊΠ°Π»Π°), ΠΡΡ
ΠΎΡ (ΠΏΡΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ² ΠΠ°Π»ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΠΎΡΠ΅), ΠΠΎΡΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ ΡΠΎΡ ΠΈ ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎ ΡΠ΅Π»Π° Π’ΡΡΠΊΠ° (Π²ΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ±Π΅ΡΠ΅ΠΆΡΠ΅ ΠΠ°ΠΉΠΊΠ°Π»Π°). ΠΠ»Ρ ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΠ½Π° ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π° ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΊΠ° ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ, ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½Π°Ρ Π½Π° Ρ
ΠΈΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΠ½Π° 2,4-Π΄ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡΡΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ»Π³ΠΈΠ΄ΡΠ°Π·ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΌ Ρ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Π½ΡΠΈΡΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ Π³ΠΈΠ΄ΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ½Π° ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΠ½Π° ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ ΠΆΠΈΠ΄ΠΊΠΎΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Ρ
ΡΠΎΠΌΠ°ΡΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ Ρ ΠΌΠ°ΡΡ-ΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΌ Π΄Π΅ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ. ΠΠ»Ρ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ± Ρ ΠΎΠΆΠΈΠ΄Π°Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠΉ Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΠ½Π° ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ ΡΡΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΠΉ Π²Π°ΡΠΈΠ°Π½Ρ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΊΠΈ. ΠΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½ΠΎ, ΡΡΠΎ ΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΠ½Π° Π² Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π΅ Π²ΠΎ Π²ΡΠ΅Ρ
ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΏΡΠΎΠ±Π°Ρ
Π½ΠΈΠΆΠ΅ ΡΠ΅ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΏΠΈΡΡΠ΅Π²ΠΎΠΉ Π²ΠΎΠ΄Ρ (< 3 ΠΌΠΊΠ³/Π»)
Characterization of Tobacco Mosaic Virus Virions and Repolymerized Coat Protein Aggregates in Solution by Small-Angle X-Ray Scattering
The structure of tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) virions and stacked disk aggregates of TMV coat protein (CP) in solution was analyzed by synchrotron-based small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) and negative contrast transmission electron microscopy (TEM). TMV CP aggregates had a unique stability but did not have helical symmetry. According to the TEM data, they were stacked disks associated into transversely striated rod-shaped structures 300 to 800 Γ
long. According to modeling based on the crystallographic model of the 4-layer TMV CP aggregate (PDB: 1EI7), the stacked disks represented hollow cylinders. The calculated SAXS pattern for the disks was compared to the experimental one over the entire measured range. The best correlation with the SAXS data was found for the model with the repeating central pair of discs; the SAXS curves for the stacked disks were virtually identical irrespectively of the protein isolation method. The positions of maxima on the scatter curves could be used as characteristic features of the studied samples; some of the peaks were assigned to the existing elements of the quaternary structure (periodicity of aggregate structure, virion helix pitch). Low-resolution structural data for the repolymerized TMV CP aggregates in solution under conditions similar to natural were produced for the first time. Analysis of such nano-size objects is essential for their application in biomedicine and biotechnology
Structural investigations of E. Coli dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase in solution: Small-angle X-ray scattering and molecular docking
Dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase from Escherichia coli (LpD) is a bacterial enzyme that is involved in the central metabolism and shared in common between the pyruvate dehydrogenase and 2-oxoglutarate dehydrogenase complexes. In the crystal structure, E. coli LpD is known to exist as a dimer. The present work is focused on analyzing the solution structure of LpD by small-angle X-ray scattering, molecular docking, and analytical ultracentrifugation. It was shown that in solution LpD exists as an equilibrium mixture of a dimer and a tetramer. The presence of oligomeric forms is determined by the multifunctionality of LpD in the cell, in particular, the required stoichiometry in the complexes
Unusual Structural Morphology of Dendrimer/CdS Nanocomposites Revealed by Synchrotron X-ray Scattering
Small-Angle X-ray Scattering Study of the Structure of Self-Organized Polymer Matrices and Formation of Imbedded Metal Nanoparticles
Small-angle X-Ray analysis of macromolecular structure: the structure of protein NS2 (NEP) in solution
A complex structural analysis of nuclear export protein NS2 (NEP) of influenza virus A has been performed using bioinformatics predictive methods and small-angle X-ray scattering data. The behavior of NEP molecules in a solution (their aggregation, oligomerization, and dissociation, depending on the buffer composition) has been investigated. It was shown that stable associates are formed even in a conventional aqueous salt solution at physiological ΡΠ value. For the first time we have managed to get NEP dimers in solution, to analyze their structure, and to compare the models obtained using the method of the molecular tectonics with the spatial protein structure predicted by us using the bioinformatics methods. The results of the study provide a new insight into the structural features of nuclear export protein NS2 (NEP) of the influenza virus A, which is very important for viral infection development
The use of microbiological monitoring to assess the impact of the anthropogenic influence on the ecosystem of Lake Baikal
Structural and thermal study of mesomorphic dodecylammonium carrageenates
Structural characteristics and thermal stability of a series of dodecylammonium carrageenates formed by stoichiometric complexation of dodecylammonium chloride and differently charged carrageenans (kappa-, iota- and lambda-carrageenan, respectively) were investigated. IR spectral analysis confirmed the electrostatic and hydrogen bond interactions between the dodecylammonium and carrageenan species. X-ray diffraction experiments show increased ordering in the complexes compared to that in the parent carrageenans. Dodecylammonium carrageenates have a layer structure, in which a polar sublayer contains layers of carrageenan chains and a nonpolar sublayer consists of conformationally disordered dodecylammonium chains electrostatically attached to the carrageenan backbone. The major factor that determines the dodecylammonium carrageenate structure is cationic surfactant, while the carrageenans moiety plays a major role in determining thermal properties. (C) 2009 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved
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