2 research outputs found
A measure of bending in nucleic acids structures applied to A-tract DNA
A method is proposed to measure global bending in DNA and RNA structures. It relies on a properly defined averaging of base-fixed coordinate frames, computes mean frames of suitably chosen groups of bases and uses these mean frames to evaluate bending. The method is applied to DNA A-tracts, known to induce considerable bend to the double helix. We performed atomistic molecular dynamics simulations of sequences containing the A4T4 and T4A4 tracts, in a single copy and in two copies phased with the helical repeat. Various temperature and salt conditions were investigated. Our simulations indicate bending by roughly 10° per A4T4 tract into the minor groove, and an essentially straight structure containing T4A4, in agreement with electrophoretic mobility data. In contrast, we show that the published NMR structures of analogous sequences containing A4T4 and T4A4 tracts are significantly bent into the minor groove for both sequences, although bending is less pronounced for the T4A4 containing sequence. The bending magnitudes obtained by frame averaging are confirmed by the analysis of superhelices composed of repeated tract monomers
A Route to Superior Performance of a Nanoplasmonic Biosensor: Consideration of Both Photonic and Mass Transport Aspects
Optical
biosensors based on plasmonic nanostructures present a
promising alternative to conventional biosensing methods and provide
unmatched possibilities for miniaturization and high-throughput analysis.
Previous works on the topic, however, have been overwhelmingly directed
toward elucidating the optical performance of such sensors, with little
emphasis on the topic of mass transport. To date, there exists no
examination, experimental nor theoretical, of the bioanalytical performance
of such sensors (in terms of detection limits) that simultaneously
addresses both optical and mass transport aspects in a quantitative
manner. In this work we present a universal model that describes the
smallest concentration that can be detected by a nanoplasmonic biosensor.
Accounting for both optical and mass transport aspects, this model
establishes a relationship between bioanalytical performance and the
biosensor’s design parameters. We employ the model to optimize
the performance of a nanoplasmonic DNA biosensor consisting of randomly
distributed gold nanorods on a glass substrate. Through both experimental
and theoretical results, we show that the proper design of a nanostructured
sensing substrate is one that maximizes mass transport efficiency
while preserving the quality of the optical readout. All results are
compared with those obtained using a conventional SPR biosensor. We
show that an optimized nanoplasmonic substrate allows for the detection
of DNA at concentrations of an order of magnitude lower with respect
to an SPR biosensor