Using the electronic information and educational environment of the university in the training of tourism industry workers

The availability of electronic information and educational environment of an educational institution today is the most important requirement of the Federal state educational standards of higher education in all areas of preparation for the conditions of implementation of educational programs by universities. The purpose of the study is to rationale for use in modern educational process of the University electronic information-educational environment and study of its use in training future employees of the tourism industry. Research methodology: system-structural, competence-based, informational approaches; research methods: theoretical (analysis of normative documents, local acts of the University, experience in implementing the electronic information and educational environment at the University, comparison, synthesis of educational and methodological knowledge on the research problem, the method of analogy, forecasting; empirical (observation, study of educational products, description). The research was carried out on the basis of the faculty of service and tourism of the Kuban state University of physical culture, sport and tourism. Results: the necessity of using the modern educational process of higher school of electronic information and educational environment, discloses the functionality and experience of using electronic information-educational environment in the professional training of tourism industry personnel; the structural-functional components and design principles of the electronic information-educational environment of the University; the ways of implementing forms of educational activities with the use of e-learning technologies in the process of training future employees of the tourism industry and their advantages are revealed. Conclusions: the electronic information and educational environment of a University is a set of tools and resources based on information and communication technologies aimed at ensuring the requirements for the implementation of educational activities; in the training of future employees of the tourist industry used the following electronic information-educational environment: electronic library system; e-library of the University; module "qualifying work" on the platform MEGAPRO, Date Express LLC, management system training courses (virtual learning environments); information system "Document of the University"; the software package "Plans"; system "Antiplagiat.VUZ " electronic portfolio and other components; the advantages of using electronic information and educational environment are: the ability to build the educational process with active interaction of all subjects of the educational system; prompt informing of participants of educational activities about changes in the educational process; the ability to form various virtual communities, etc

Motor activity of Daphnia magna (Crustacea, Cladocera) during thermal selection: Peculiarities of search reactions in the non-uniform environment

We conducted a study of the peculiarities of the motor activity of juvenile and adult individuals of Daphnia magna in the process of thermal selection. On the example of Daphnia, we experimentally proved the assumption that the decrease in the motor activity of the ectotherms in the selected temperature range is a behaviour mechanism typical for thermal selection. The experiment was conducted on the offspring of one parthenogenetic female (pure line) of a laboratory culture maintained over several years at room temperature. The Daphnia individuals had been beforehand acclimated over several generations to 23.4 ºС, and then were placed in a thermogradient apparatus. The control individuals were maintained at room temperature. The final temperature preference was determined using the so-called "chronic" method, when the tested organisms are maintained in a thermogradient apparatus over several days. The positions of the Daphnia individuals were recorded daily during 24 days. As a parameter which would characterize the motor activity of Daphnia, we used the parameter of average relative shifting, which was calculated as a difference (in cm) between the position they were found in two sequential records, divided by time (in min) between these records. Over the first 3 days, in the conditions of the temperature gradient, the Daphnia mostly selected heightened temperatures (24–28 ºС). During the period from the 4th to 24th day, 74% of the Daphnia selected the range of 18–23 ºС and 85% – 17–24 ºС. Thus, the range of the ultimate selected temperatures decreased by 4 ºС compared to the initially selected temperatures and enlarged by 3 ºС towards the lower temperatures. In the thermogradient apparatus, the parthenogenetic females had the lowest value of the mean relative movement. In the control, at room temperature, this parameter of the adults was by 43% higher compared to the gradient. The pattern of the dynamic of the indicator in both variants of the experiment was similar for the periods and phases of fluctuations. With the juveniles the value of the parameter of mean relative shifting in the gradient was higher by 40% compared to the adult Daphnia, but close to the parameter of the adults in the control. We determined a relationship between the juveniles selecting the higher temperatures and higher mean relative shifting, which indicates a relationship between the behavioural selective reaction of juvenile Daphnia and general physiological condition of their organism. During the absence of the temperature gradient, the Daphnia were observed to show symmetry in their motor reaction. Occurrence of the asymmetry of the motor reaction of the Daphnia in the condition of the thermogradient, manifesting in the prevalence of shifting to lower or higher temperatures, can indicate more clearly manifested search reaction in the condition of a non-uniform environment

Life safety culture as a pedagogical problem

It is well known that security is a necessary condition for the long-term development of humanity, society, the state and civilization as a whole, ensuring their stability and success. Currently, the Russian Federation pays close attention to the issues of educating the younger generation about a culture of life safety, which is supported by government initiatives, because ensuring the safety of the state citizens is among the priority components of a high standard of living. It is the culture of life safety that is defined as a component of the general culture of an individual and the main target for the activities of educational organizations. In this regard, the problem of the research is to substantiate the culture of life safety as a pedagogical category. The purpose of the research is to substantiate the content of the concept of “life safety culture” as a subject of pedagogical discourse and the basic target of the state educational policy. The methodological basis of the research is represented by the use of methods of analysis, theoretical generalization, and description.The results of the research are as follows: various approaches to the content of the concept of “life safety culture” as a pedagogical category have been analyzed; the structural components of safety culture have been identified; the target guidelines for instilling a life safety culture in educational institutions have been substantiated.Key conclusions: the issues of developing a culture of life safety among students have been considered in two contexts, as a necessary condition for the activities of teachers in developing the experience of safe behavior of students and as the creation of pedagogical conditions for a safe educational environment by all participants in educational activities. The target guidelines for instilling a culture of life safety among students are an integrated set of the following components: psychological, political, economic, environmental and information security of an individual

Trophic diversification and parasitic invasion as ecological niche modulators for gut microbiota of whitefish

Introduction: The impact of parasites on gut microbiota of the host is well documented, but the role of the relationship between the parasite and the host in the formation of the microbiota is poorly understood. This study has focused on the influence that trophic behavior and resulting parasitism has on the structure of the microbiome. Methods: Using 16S amplicon sequencing and newly developed methodological approaches, we characterize the gut microbiota of the sympatric pair of whitefish Coregonus lavaretus complex and the associated microbiota of cestodes parasitizing their intestine. The essence of the proposed approaches is, firstly, to use the method of successive washes of the microbiota from the cestode’s surfaces to analyze the degree of bacterial association to the tegument of the parasite. Secondly, to use a method combining the sampling of intestinal content and mucosa with the washout procedure from the mucosa to understand the real structure of the fish gut microbiota. Results and discussion: Our results demonstrate that additional microbial community in the intestine are formed by the parasitic helminths that caused the restructuring of the microbiota in infected fish compared to those uninfected. Using the desorption method in Ringer’s solution, we have demonstrated that Proteocephalus sp. cestodes possess their own microbial community which is put together from “surface” bacteria, and bacteria which are weakly and strongly associated with the tegument, bacteria obtained after treatment of the tegument with detergent, and bacteria obtained after removal of the tegument from the cestodes.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Modern features of innovative strategies for the development of hotel business enterprises

The hotel business is the basic sector of the tourism industry, contributes to the increase in tourist flows, the internationalization of financial capital, and the growth of employment. The hotel sector is developing rapidly (with the exception of 2020, which is explained by anti-Covid measures), largely due to the introduction of innovative development strategies. The investment prospects of the hotel sector should be built on the basis of such a systematization of modern innovative trends, and business planning of the activities of hotel enterprises should ensure the best implementation of innovative approaches when developing a strategy in a specific business environment. The purpose of the study is to study the modern features of innovative strategies for the development of hotel business enterprises, their impact on the dynamics of sales of paid services to the population, including the example of the Krasnodar Territory. The research methods are the following: statistical method, competitive analysis method, generalization method, forecasting. The results and conclusions: an analysis of the applied innovative strategies by hospitality enterprises indicates that such strategies are effective tools for effectively solving the problem of survival and ensuring the business security of hotels. Conclusions: innovative strategies are the most important part of the strategic management of a hotel enterprise, they make it possible to strengthen its competitiveness, meet the constantly changing preferences of guests, follow industry trends or even outstrip them

Modern features of benchmarking in the hotel business

The market of hotel services is an actively developing market in which innovative technologies of service of guests are widely used; various loyalty and reservation programs are being developed and improved; new approaches to business process management are applied. Benchmarking is a very relevant area designed to assess and select alternative options for the development of the hotel business, defining tasks and improving management efficiency through a deeper study and borrowing approaches successfully implemented by competitors. The aim of the research is to study the current features of benchmarking in the hospitality industry and its impact on the dynamics of enterprise performance. The research methods used are method of competitive analysis, statistical method, generalization method, forecasting. The results and conclusions: the analysis of the state of the hotel services market has shown a steady growth in the number of facilities and consumers of hotel services, which leads to increased intra-industry competition. Benchmarking helps to correlate the operating performance of the hotel business with the performance of the competitive environment, to move away from the subjective assessments of hoteliers and to identify errors in sales policy. In addition, the use of benchmarking allows you to predict the dynamics of demand in order to minimize managerial errors. The conclusions: benchmarking is part of marketing research and the basis for business process planning in the context of choosing strategic activities of the hotel service company. Conducting such a study is focused on providing the hotel with significant competitive advantages, the quintessence of which is the procedure of studying the experience of operating in the market of business leaders

Применение барьерных слоев диоксида титана для формирования мультиферроиков ферромагнетик/сегнетоэлектрик

The layered multiferroics Co/PZT were obtained by ion-beam sputtering-deposition method, where PZT is a ferroelectric ceramic based on lead titanate zirconate of the composition PbZr0.45Ti0.55O3 with a thermostable plane-parallel ferroelectric/ferromagnet interface. Using cross-sectional scanning electron microscopy (SEM), we studied the interface of a cobalt layer up to several micrometers thick with a thick ceramic substrate of lead zirconate titanate. It has been shown that the use of a titanium dioxide barrier layer of TiO2 instead of PZT allows quality improvement of the interface by reducing the duration of ion-beam planarization of the ferroelectric substrate, and also to eliminate the formation of intermediate chemical compounds. Based on the data of X-ray phase analysis (XRD), it was concluded that the TiO2 layer is amorphous. Magnetoelectric measurements have shown that the use of titanium dioxide instead of PZT under appropriate planarization modes can increase the low-frequency magnetoelectric effect to 5 mV/(cm∙Ое), compared with structures with a sputtering planarizing layer of PZT, where the magnitude of the low-frequency magnetoelectric effect is 2 mV/(cm∙Оe). These results allow us to improve the characteristics of these structures when used as sensitive elements in devices for formation – processing of information and magnetic field sensors based on the magnetoelectric effect.С помощью метода ионно-лучевого распыления – осаждения получены слоистые мультиферроики Co/ЦТС (ЦТС – сегнетоэлектрическая керамика на основе цирконата титаната свинца состава PbZr0,45Ti0,55O3 с термостабильным плоскопараллельным интерфейсом сегнетоэлектрик/ферромагнетик), обладающие воспроизводимыми низкочастотными магнитоэлектрическими характеристиками при комнатной температуре. Методом растровой электронной микроскопии (РЭМ) поперечного сечения исследована граница раздела слоя кобальта толщиной до нескольких микрометров с толстой керамической подложкой цирконата – титаната свинца. Показано, что использование барьерного слоя диоксида титана TiO2 вместо ЦТС позволяет добиться улучшения качества интерфейса за счет уменьшения длительности ионно-лучевой планаризации сегнетоэлектрической подложки, а также исключить образование промежуточных химических соединений. На основе данных рентгенофазового анализа (РФА) сделан вывод об аморфности слоя TiO2, который по сравнению с кристаллическим позволяет более равномерно, без искажений, передавать внутренние напряжения, возникающие между сегнетоэлектрической подложкой и ферромагнитным слоем. Это приводит к более эффективному магнитоэлектрическому взаимодействию и значительному по величине (в единицы – десятки мВ/А) низкочастотному магнитоэлектрическому эффекту при комнатной температуре. Магнитоэлектрические измерения показали, что использование диоксида титана вместо ЦТС при соответствующих режимах планаризации приводит к увеличению низкочастотного магнитоэлектрического эффекта до 5 мВ/(см ∙Э) по сравнению со структурами с напылением планаризующего слоя ЦТС, где величина данного эффекта составляет 2 мВ/(см ∙Э). Эти результаты позволяют улучшить характеристики указанных структур при использовании в качестве чувствительных элементов в устройствах формирования – обработки информации и датчиков магнитного поля на основе магнитоэлектрического эффекта

Локальный туберкулез у детей раннего возраста

The purpose is to study clinical and X-ray manifestations of local tuberculosis in children of the tender age and to detect risk factors promoting the development of the disease and complicating it, thus the analysis included 82 cases of children cases under 3 years old who had been treated in Children TB Hospital in 2013-2015. Tuberculosis of chest lymph nodes was diagnosed in 68.3%of them, and every fifth child had primary tuberculosis complex. Every other child was suffering from the complicated course of local tuberculosis (n = 42). The following forms were registered: bronchial pulmonary lesions (n = 27), lymphogenic progression (n = 13), including development of disseminated tuberculosis and meningitis. Positive results of sputum tests were observed in 14 (17.1%) children, of them 50% had multiple drug resistance. 10% of children suffering from tuberculosis manifested anergy. The predictors of such course of the disease included the absence of BCG vaccination and super infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis.С целью изучения клинико-рентгенологических проявлений локального туберкулеза у детей раннего возраста и выявления факторов риска, способствующих развитию заболевания и отягощающих течение туберкулезного процесса, проведен анализ 82 историй болезни детей в возрасте до 3 лет, лечившихся в Детской туберкулезной больнице в 2013-2015 гг. Туберкулез внутригрудных лимфатических узлов диагностировали у 68,3%, первичный туберкулезный комплекс - у каждого пятого. Осложненное течение локальных форм - у каждого второго (n = 42). Регистрировались: бронхолегочные поражения (n = 27), лимфогематогенное прогрессирование (n = 13), в том числе с развитием диссеминированного туберкулеза, менингита. Бактериовыделение - у 14 (17,1%) детей, из них с множественной лекарственной устойчивостью возбудителя - у 50,0%. Туберкулез у 10% детей протекал на фоне анергии. К предикторам такого течения отнесены отсутствие прививки БЦЖ, суперинфекция МБТ

Влияние комплекса хитозан-ß-циклодекстрин с левофлоксацином на микрофлору ран и толстого кишечника осетра

The authors in the article presented the results of determining the effectiveness of using the chitosan-ß-cyclodextrin complex with levofloxacin in the healing of mechanical wounds of valuable commercial fish sturgeons and their feeding. The experiment was conducted based on the “Progressive biotechnologies in aquaculture” research laboratory of the Saratov State University of Genetics, Biotechnology and Engineering. N.I. Vavilov. The microflora of incised wounds and the large intestine of sturgeon fingerlings under the influence of fluoroquinolone, represented by levofloxacin based on cyclodextrin, included in the shell of high-molecular chitosan, was studied. The studied microbiological indicators were chosen to determine that changes in the total number of microorganisms show the nature of the course of the inflammatory/pathological process, which contributes to the development of microorganisms (including opportunistic pathogens) and lactic acid bacteria in the intestine. Therefore, they are essential physiological indicators of the formation of “ intestinal immunity. It was found that the use of cyclodextrin with levofloxacin in the treatment of incised wounds in sturgeons leads to a significant decrease in the total microbial number (TMC) on their surface (by 10 thousand times compared to the group without treatment). It has been shown that using cyclodextrin with levofloxacin in feeding sturgeons reduces the total microbial number in the large intestine. This complex is characterised by good solubility and bioavailability for fish. The future study results can be used in aquaculture to treat mechanical injuries received during transportation and sorting in the rearing process in fish.Представлены результаты определения эффективности применения комплекса хитозан-ß-циклодекстрин с левофлоксацином в заживлении механических ран ценных промысловых рыб – осетров и их кормлении. Эксперимент проводили на базе научно-исследовательской лаборатории «Прогрессивные биотехнологии в аквакультуре» Саратовского государственного университета генетики, биотехнологии и инженерии им. Н.И. Вавилова. Исследовалась микрофлора резаных ран и толстого кишечника сеголетков осетров под действием фторхинолона, представленного левофлоксацином на основе циклодекстрина, включенного в оболочку высокомолекулярного хитозана. Исследуемые микробиологические показатели были выбраны для определения на том основании, что изменения общего количества микроорганизмов показывают характер течения воспалительного/патологического процесса, способствующего развитию микроорганизмов (в т.ч. условно-патогенных) и молочнокислых бактерий в кишечнике, поэтому являются важными физиологическими показателями формирования «кишечного иммунитета». Было обнаружено, что применение при лечении резаных ран у осетров циклодекстрина с левофлоксацином приводит к значительному уменьшению общего микробного числа (ОМЧ) на их поверхности (в 10 тыс. раз по сравнению с группой без лечения). Показано, что использование в кормлении осетров циклодекстрина с левофлоксацином также снижает общее микробное число в толстом кишечнике. Данный комплекс характеризуется хорошей растворимостью и биодоступностью для рыб. Результаты исследования в перспективе могут найти применение в аквакультуре при лечении механических травм, полученных при перевозке и сортировке в процессе выращивания, у рыб