258 research outputs found
Истина и судебная аргументация в романе Ф. М. Достоевского "Братья Карамазовы"
We examine the reasons of the judicial error in the Dmitry Karamazov case depicted by Fyodor Dostoevsky in The Karamazov Brothers and argue that the truth can and should be established in both of the process types, adversary and investigative, and that the three con-ceptions of truth, referential, inferential and pragmatic, play an evaluative role in that. The Dmitry Karamazov case shows that the formal view of the truth suffices for deciding a case, but it cannot prevent judicial errors when the epistemological ideal of the material truth falls into oblivion
DYNAMICS OF ORGANIC MATTER UNDER THE AFFORESTATION OF THE FORMER AGRICULTURAL SOD-PODZOLIC SOILS
The dynamics of the organic matter of the chronosequence of sod-podzolic soils in the process of reforestation has been investigated using the granulo-densitometric fractionation.The objects of research were sod-podzolic soils of the chronosequence of abandoned areas, including the main stages of the development of secondary succession: from overgrowing by grass vegetation to zonal spruce forests of the specially protected natural territory of the Central Forest State Natural Biosphere Reserve. In the first 20–25 years after the reduction of agrocenosis, degradation changes of the humus state of sod-podzolic soils were observed, due to the lack of agrotechnological treatments and the lack of fresh organic matter (OM) of cultivated plants. It is shown that only after 50 years functioning in the reservoir regime, the qualitative and quantitative indicators of organic matter of sod-podzolic soils begin to approach those of spruce forests of different species composition over 100 years old. This is manifested in an increase in the amount of discrete OM, the level of carbon accumulation of this fraction of OM in the soil and the value of its share in the total carbon accumulation in the soil
Structural and magnetic properties of the (001) and (111) surfaces of the half-metal NiMnSb
Using the full potential linearised augmented planewave method we study the
electronic and magnetic properties of the (001) and (111) surfaces of the
half-metallic Heusler alloy NiMnSb from first-principles. We take into account
all possible surface terminations including relaxations of these surfaces.
Special attention is paid to the spin-polarization at the Fermi level which
governs the spin-injection from such a metal into a semiconductor. In general,
these surfaces lose the half-metallic character of the bulk NiMnSb, but for the
(111) surfaces this loss is more pronounced. Although structural optimization
does not change these features qualitatively, specifically for the (111)
surfaces relaxations can compensate much of the spin-polarization at the Fermi
surface that has been lost upon formation of the surface.Comment: 18 pages, 8 figure
Surface Properties of the Half- and Full-Heusler Alloys
Using a full-potential \textit{ab-initio} technique I study the electronic
and magnetic properties of the (001) surfaces of the half-Heusler alloys,
NiMnSb, CoMnSb and PtMnSb and of the full-Heusler alloys CoMnGe, CoMnSi
and CoCrAl. The MnSb terminated surfaces of the half-Heusler compounds
present properties similar to the bulk compounds and, although the
half-metallicity is lost, an important spin-polarisation at the Fermi level. In
contrast to this the Ni terminated surface shows an almost zero net
spin-polarisation. While the bulk CoMnGe and CoMnSi are almost
half-ferromagnetic, their surfaces lose the half-metallic character and the net
spin-polarisation at the Fermi level is close to zero. Contrary to these
compounds the CrAl terminated (001) surface of CoCrAl shows a spin
polarisation of about 84%.Comment: 14 pages, 6 figure
The soft and the hard pomerons in hadron elastic scattering at small t
We consider simple-pole descriptions of soft elastic scattering for pp, pbar
p, pi+ p, pi- p, K+ p and K- p. We work at t and s small enough for
rescatterings to be neglected, and allow for the presence of a hard pomeron.
After building and discussing an exhaustive dataset, we show that simple poles
provide an excellent description of the data in the region - 0.5 GeV^2 < t <
-0.1 GeV^2, 6 GeV<sqrt(s)< 63 GeV. We show that new form factors have to be
used, and get information on the trajectories of the soft and hard pomerons.Comment: 27 pages, 9 figures, LaTeX. A few typos fixed, and references
correcte
On the issue of realization of the right to education by children who cannot attend educational organizations for health reasons
The article deals with the problem of exercising the constitutional right to education for children who are unable to attend educational organizations for health reasons. The authors analyze the provisions of the current legislation, the practice of law enforcement. The authors conclude that there is a need for additional measures to protect the interests of minors.В статье рассматривается проблема реализации конституционного права на образование детьми, которые по состоянию здоровья не могут посещать образовательные организации. Авторы анализируют положения действующего законодательства, практику правоприменения. Авторы приходят к выводу: существует необходимость в дополнительных мерах защиты интересов несовершеннолетних граждан
Introduction to half-metallic Heusler alloys: Electronic Structure and Magnetic Properties
Intermetallic Heusler alloys are amongst the most attractive half-metallic
systems due to the high Curie temperatures and the structural similarity to the
binary semiconductors. In this review we present an overview of the basic
electronic and magnetic properties of both Heusler families: the so-called
half-Heusler alloys like NiMnSb and the the full-Heusler alloys like
CoMnGe. \textit{Ab-initio} results suggest that both the electronic and
magnetic properties in these compounds are intrinsically related to the
appearance of the minority-spin gap. The total spin magnetic moment
scales linearly with the number of the valence electrons , such that
for the full-Heusler and for the half-Heusler alloys,
thus opening the way to engineer new half-metallic alloys with the desired
magnetic properties.Comment: 28 pages, submitted for a special issue of 'Journal of Physics D:
Applied Physics' on Heusler alloy
Slater-Pauling Behavior of the Half-Ferromagnetic Full-Heusler Alloys
Using the full-potential screened Korringa-Kohn-Rostoker method we study the
full-Heusler alloys based on Co, Fe, Rh and Ru. We show that many of these
compounds show a half-metallic behavior, however in contrast to the
half-Heusler alloys the energy gap in the minority band is extremely small.
These full-Heusler compounds show a Slater-Pauling behavior and the total
spin-magnetic moment per unit cell (M_t) scales with the total number of
valence electrons (Z_t) following the rule: M_t=Z_t-24. We explain why the
spin-down band contains exactly 12 electrons using arguments based on the group
theory and show that this rule holds also for compounds with less than 24
valence electrons. Finally we discuss the deviations from this rule and the
differences compared to the half-Heusler alloys.Comment: 10 pages, 8 figures, revised figure 3, new text adde
Origin and Properties of the Gap in the Half-Ferromagnetic Heusler Alloys
We study the origin of the gap and the role of chemical composition in the
half-ferromagnetic Heusler alloys using the full-potential screened KKR method.
In the paramagnetic phase the C1_b compounds, like NiMnSb, present a gap.
Systems with 18 valence electrons, Z_t, per unit cell, like CoTiSb, are
semiconductors, but when Z_t > 18 antibonding states are also populated, thus
the paramagnetic phase becomes unstable and the half-ferromagnetic one is
stabilized. The minority occupied bands accommodate a total of nine electrons
and the total magnetic moment per unit cell in mu_B is just the difference
between Z_t and . While the substitution of the transition metal
atoms may preserve the half-ferromagnetic character, substituting the atom
results in a practically rigid shift of the bands and the loss of
half-metallicity. Finally we show that expanding or contracting the lattice
parameter by 2% preserves the minority-spin gap.Comment: 11 pages, 7 figures New figures, revised tex
Твердофазный синтез Декамера отрицательно заряженных ПНК с псевдопептидной связью GlyψL-Glu
Solid-phase Boc-protocol and synthetic strategy of negatively charged peptide nucleic acids has been suggested. New thymine containing negatively charged PNA decamer based on L-glutamic acid and glycine was synthesized.Представлен Вос-протокол и стратегия твердофазного синтеза отрицательно заряженных ПНК. Синтезирован новый тиминсодержащий декамер отрицательно заряженных ПНК на основе L-глутаминовой кислоты и глицина
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